Commissariat - kuyinto ... Umlando wenhlangano. izinkomba commissariats

Commissariat - lena eliphakeme isimo umzimba zokuphatha. Wayefuna ukuyobopha amakholwa ukusabalalisa ukuphathwa emikhakheni ngabanye komnotho phakathi Yabantu Commissars (manje ungqongqoshe) nezinye izisebenzi zikahulumeni.

Umlando wemfundo

Ekuqaleni Commissariats zadalwa ngo-1917, i-All-Russian iCongress of namaSoviet. Zonke izinhlangano okudalwe beniyingxenye uhulumeni wamaSoviet, okwakubekelwa eliholwa Lenin ngaleso sikhathi VI

Ngo-1918, lesi simiso commissariat Wabantu, lapho kwathiwa libuye acaciswa ukuthi "Commissariat" waba kuMtsetfosisekelo we RSFSR, sokuqonda nema injongo ukusebenza, nokunye. D. Kwakukhona 18 commissariats e wonke amagatsha ekumelaneni nombuso.

Kakade ngo-1922, ngesikhathi kumiswa eSoviet Union eziningi izinguquko ezenziwe ohlelweni. Isibalo nokhomishana lancipha eziyishumi, kodwa ayehlanganisa yonke eSoviet Union ngokuphelele. Half kwakulotshwe kuzona njengamazwi onke-Union, kanti enye ingxenye - kuhlanganiswe. Ngo-1923 wakhipha weMithethonqubo Wabantu Commissariat, lapho amaphuzu ku-oda nokuxhumana Commissariats Union Republics ziye kubhaliswe. Commissariat, kwencazelo okuyinto Kusolwa GCWELE ENGAMELA umkhakha zabo, manje enegunya elikhiphe izimiso, ama-oda imiyalelo.

Ngo-1936, kunoshintsho ziye zathinta oda zomthethosisekelo kanye Yabantu Commissariat - ekuguquleni abokhominitjhara United e-Union-Republican. Ngakho-ke kwamiswa eziyishumi sobunye-republic nabo bonke-union nokhomishana eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukuthuthukisa umnotho kazwelonke kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo, ngokubeka commissariats abantu kwenye permutation. Futhi ngo-1946 umthetho omusha ushintshe igama abokhominitjhara, manje Yabantu Commissariat - kule nkonzo.

Isakhiwo abokhominitjhara

I Yabantu Commissariat kwaba igunya lomcoka ekwengameleni ngamunye sphere ngabanye okuphila Soviet. Ngesikhathi inhloko yalawa Commissariat kwaba Yabantu Commissar. Zonke abokhominitjhara ka commissariats ahlukahlukene sasimunye ngaphezu oPhethe Yabantu Commissars. Ngamunye republic inyunyana kwadingeka commissariats yayo futhi kumiKhandlu Yabantu Commissars.

Commissariat ngamunye Yabantu lalinabashumayeli neminyango:

- Uma kwenzeka ukuphathwa;

- I-ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi;

- ku-ingxenye kwesishayamthetho;

- maqondana nezindaba zezimali;

- ukubethela kolwazi olubucayi;

- ukuqondisa ezikhungweni zemfundo;

- Committee on Legal Affairs.

Njengoba isibalo sabasebenzi lafinyelela abantu 150-170 ngamunye Commissariat.

izinkomba

Isinqumo 1917 ezikhonjwe ezindaweni ezilandelayo umsebenzi Commissariats:

- izindaba zangaphakathi (noma NKVD);

- ezolimo;

- imfundo zabasebenzi;

- ezempi kanye asolwandle izindaba;

- imfundo;

- ezezimali;

- ubudlelwane namazwe angaphandle;

- emkhakheni wemisebenzi yezomthetho;

- ukudla;

- Imeyili Telegraph;

- ujantshi ibhizinisi.

Ngo-1932 kwangena elinye Commissioner 3: esindayo, ukukhanya, futhi umkhakha ihlathi.

Amaholo Yabantu Commissars

Commissariat - kungcono ingxenye uhlelo lukahulumeni, ngakho-ke, amaholo abaphathi iqembu kwadingeka ukuba okusezingeni eliphezulu ngezindinganiso yesimanje. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi, izinto zase zishintshile: ngo-November 1917, uLenin ngemvume isimemezelo mayelana namaholo zomsebenzi we Yabantu Commissars nezinye izisebenzi zikahulumeni.

Ngokusho lesi sinqumo njalo Commissar wathola ngenyanga ruble 500. Uma indlela yokwakheka nomkhaya wakhe bangoFakazi izakhamuzi abakhubazekile (izingane, abadala noma nabantu abakhubazekile), khona-ke ngayinye muntu phezu Yabantu Commissar akhokhe extra $ 100 njengoba ngenyanga. Ngu zonke izilinganiso, nengeniso commissar kwabantu umndeni zazilingana imali wesisebenzi isilinganiso.

Commissariat - kwencazelo "okhokho" manje ukhona nemisebenzi zezinkonzo, indlela owakheke ngayo nosebenza zazo sigcinwe iminyaka eyikhulu futhi sibhekana nezinguquko ezincane kuphela.