Chrematistics - a nokunonophala isayensi. izimfundiso Economic Aristotle

Umphakathi wethu othola zaguquka zezenhlalo kanye nezomnotho. Ukuze uthole isici okufana nesikhathi rethinking imibono mayelana nezwe kanye yezikhalazo umsuka. Ngokwalokhu esesixoxe ngakho akuyona ukubukeka kumangaza futhi yezikhalazo Aristotle. Lapho ukuze umnotho kanye chrematistics - ngxabano ezimbili izenzakalo ezingase zibangelwe ngqo kuye njengoba sazi esivelele lasendulo ngesiGreki. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa okushiwo kokubili imiqondo nokuthi zihlangana kanjani.

Aristotle: emnothweni kanye chrematistics

Ancient ngesiGreki sefilosofi ukusetshenziswa wabelane lemali ukuhlangabezana yemvelo nezidingo zobuntu futhi inqwaba yabo njengoba isiphetho ngokwakho. Chrematistics - okungukuthi, ngokombono wakhe, ukukhulekela inzuzo. Aristotle kuqondwe leli gama isimo lapho imali ilahlekelwa yenza umsebenzi wayo osemqoka medium exchange, futhi ibe isiphetho ngokwakho. Chrematistics - okungukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, eyeqile futhi ukuhweba zokucabangela. Ukuze zombili izinkambu womsebenzi Aristotle ibhekwa omubi. Wayekholelwa ukuthi akuzona kuphela zemvelo futhi ukuxhaphaza abantu.

Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu ekusizakaleni ngokwemvelo, njengoba kubonakala ngu-Aristotle, emnothweni. Imali, ngokombono wakhe, kumele kube indlela hhayi ekupheleni. Kufanele lula ukuhweba. A isithakazelo usurious, kunalokho, inkimbinkimbi ke, okwenza imali engaphansi etholakalayo lapho kudingeka bona. Ngakho-ke chrematistics isayensi sitfutfukise lwati kubafundzi Aristotle ubukeka ukuphendukezela, nenye indlela ezisebenza abampofu ecebile.

Umsuka walo umqondo

Kuze kube French Revolution, ukuhweba sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi umsebenzi ngokwanele anecala. Thatha manje kunzima ngempela, ngoba umlando wakamuva ubeka esikhungweni emnothweni usomabhizinisi nje. Kodwa kokuqagela esikhathini esidlule kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso ngesono, futhi zonke izinhlobo zokuxhaphaza alahlwa isonto. NgeNkathi Ephakathi balahla bathengisi. Ukuze bazigcine bephila, kodwa iye yakha ubuhlobo professional.

U-Aristotle wayekholelwa ukuthi ahwebe ngezimpahla ngokwemvelo akuyona chrematistics. Kodwa kuphela kuze kufike leso sikhathi-ke osebenza ku izinto ezidingekayo nabathengisi futhi abathengi. Ekunwetshweni enana abanemali. Bona lula futhi ukusheshisa exchange. Nokho, ngokusungulwa kwesibonakhulu imali enana nakanjani liphenduka lezimpahla. Lokhu kuvula ithuba ngoba ezihlukahlukene ukufunisela. isigaba ezithile zabantu kuqala ukuzibandakanya chrematistics. Ngakho-Aristotle wokuqala owasungulwa umehluko phakathi imali njengendlela yokuthola kwegazi futhi inqwaba, inhlokodolobha isb.

umnotho Aristotle

Aristotle sengqondo ngokuphelele ongaqondile ukuqongelela imali njengoba umgomo, lihamba phambili. Wayebheka inzalo kanye nokuhweba zokucabangela imisebenzi ezingezona ezemvelo ukuthi elulaza labo abenza nabo. Njengomfundisi wakhe uPlato, u-Aristotle lilahla ekuqongeleleni imali. Usurers, wacabanga, awenzi lutho basuke bengabangane bengcebo yabo livela cishe kuzo Umoya-mpilo omncane. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi kungekuhle.

Kwezomnotho, ukuhweba okufanele kwenzeke ngayo ngqo phakathi umkhiqizi kanye umthengi intengo efanele. Kulokhu, it akwakhi value added kusuka lutho. Economic Aristotle kusho ukudalwa amagugu kudingekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zobuntu. Imali kuphela izindlela kuyashesha exchange phakathi abakhiqizi futhi ekuthuthukiseni izinga layo.

U-Aristotle wayekholelwa ukuthi ingcebo yeqiniso siqukethe izimpahla okuyinto ukwanelisa izidingo nemvelo. ke ayikwazi ukungabi ngokwemvelo. Kwaba kuhle, kodwa hhayi ngemali, ngokuvumelana Aristotle, isici esiyinhloko yengcebo.

NgeNkathi Ephakathi

Phakathi nale nkathi chrematistics - kuba akubona esontweni. Ukuze abantu abavamile, lo msebenzi kubhekwa engathandeki. Nokho, inhlokodolobha kungenziwa zanqwabelana uma utakuya esiza abantulayo esikhathini esizayo. ISonto LamaKatolika lisekela imfundiso kwezomnotho eNkathini Ephakathi. Lo mbono ngokwethembeka chrematistics olwabiwa foma Akvinsky.

Izinto zesimanje umqondo

Njengoba u-Aristotle wabhala emsebenzini wakhe, emnothweni kanye chrematistics - kukhona isayensi ezimbili. Nokho, esikhathini sethu, okungomunye mithandazo kubonakala kuphela kohlaka theory jikelele. Imiqondo ezifana "dolobha", "iqashwe" futhi "amaphesenti" abhekwa bendabuko kwezomnotho. Cishe, akunakwenzeka ukuba kuveze enjalo kungaba ukwamukela ungase Aristotle. Nokho chrematistics - iyingxenye mode yesimanje kosozimali yokulima. Nakuba uMartin Luther Nokho, futhi eyakhuluma ngokumelene usurpation nokuxhashazwa, esifundweni sakhe Protestant isimiso sokuziphatha Maks Veber kufakazela kubalulekile wobunxiwankulu ukusetshenziswa nokonga. Igama elithi "chrematistics" Marx lisetshenziswa ukuze libhekisele capitalism.

izimfundiso Economic Aristotle

Phakathi Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo Aristotle kukhona okulandelayo:

• Ubugqila imfanelo engokwemvelo umphakathi. It akumelwe ayithinte, futhi ayinazo usongo izakhamuzi khulula. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi u-Aristotle izigqila naningabafokazi abasuka emazweni ethunjwa amaGreki, okuyinto kancane olungisisa izimfundiso kwezomnotho we wayecabangisisa. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi kube nhlobo namuhla.
• Isidingo sokuqinisa abasesigabeni esiphakathi ngokusebenzisa ukuxhashazwa azungeze kanye nezokulima kanye nokutholakala futhi izigqila ezinye izizwe.
• Ukuvikelwa kwempahla yangasese. Aristotle wabona kwezisekelo zawo, ngisho emhlabeni isilwane.
• Isidingo Naturalization umnotho kanye ukubuya nezolimo.
• Linganisa ukuhweba ukuvinjelwa olukhulukazi kokuqagela nangenzuzo eyeqile umane. Aristotle wabona isisekelo umnotho ukuthi singathanda manje bizelani kimi ibhizinisi elincane. Kodwa kuphela engqondweni yakhe ngaso sonke isikhathi esabela amanani engenzeleli.

sazi sidilizwa uzama ukuthola ingxenye ayezosenza ukuchaza ukubaluleka imali. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ngesikhathi exchange of umthengisi efuna isinxephezelo nokulahlekelwa uthenge izinto. Ukuvela imali, u-Aristotle uchaza ngokuphazamisa ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla ezithile olude. Nokho, kancane kancane, kodwa outgrow medium exchange umsebenzi. Umnotho chrematistics esikhundleni. Isimo ayikashintshi namuhla. Futhi chrematistics izimbangela zezinhlekelele kanye "Bubbles" zezimali.