Can ifomu ekuphileni Silicon Emhlabeni?

). I geochemist abadumile, Fersman academician hypothesized ukuthi lembulunga yethu kungaba ifomu Silicon ukuphila (non-carbon). iziphakamiso ezifanayo zenziwa yizazi abahlukene ngezikhathi ezehlukene. Umlayezo elasakazwa ngoNovemba kulo nyaka ukuthi California Isikhungo biotech igciwane etholakala elikwaziyo synthesize compounds nge Sio _2. Ngakho, babonisa kakhulu isihambile ucwaningo ezihlobene nezidalwa ekudalweni kabani umzimba kusekelwe molecule wezinto ezingaphili.

ifomu Silicon zokuphila: vitoliticheskaya ithiyori

Phakathi nocwaningo ososayensi usufunisisile database amaprotheni ukulandelana kwezinhlamvu enzyme ukuthi unekhono ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi noSio _2. Ukuze lesi simo abakhethelwa hemoproteins. Ziyakwazi amaprotheni abakhona kule kwakwakhe yensimbi kanye porphyrins. Abacwaningi wakhetha cytochrome. Lokhu namaprotheni kwemiqondo ama-bacterium undersea ezishisayo e-Iceland. Izazi zesayensi ziye zakhomba futhi kabili isakhi buqonda enzyme. Ngemva kwalokho yabekwa nezilwane ngokuguqula izakhi zofuzo. Tindlela DNA abacwaningi busuka E. coli. Phakathi ngekucaphelisisa, kwatholakala ukuthi ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile kule site asebenzayo kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi ama-bacterium aye baba kuhlanganiswe ukukhiqiza iprotheni ongenza synthesis organosilicon compounds. ukusebenza kwalo kunqunywa izinga yokusabela kanye nenani lomkhiqizo idlula kahle catalysts yokufakelwa. Ososayensi uhlose baqhubeke nesifundo. Umgomo wabo uqonde ukuthi kungani, naphezu okwandile Silicon compounds Emhlabeni, eyakhishwa ngo-course yokuziphendukela kwemvelo sidaliwe futhi ithuthukiswe kuyindlela carbon. Emvelweni azikho eziphilayo bengasebenzisa i Sio ₂ in umzimba. . Kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, abacwaningi bazokwazi ukwakha umzimba ngawo ukuqala amafomu Silicon eziphilayo emhlabeni.

izethulo etemibhalo

незаметна человеческому глазу. Silicon ifomu lwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni ayibonakali iso womuntu. Umzimba it is ngakho kwelula isikhathi ukuthi abantu bathathe hhayi ikukhumbule ukhona. Lezi zincwadi Pratchett (Umlobi oyiNgisi) mayelana Discworld ezichazwe uhlanga yasekuqaleni yezidalwa Silicon-organic - kumathroli. ukucabanga yabo ixhomeke nezinga lokushisa elizosetshenziswa kule imvelo. Oyisiphukuphuku, okuyinto sici kumathroli, ngenxa ukusebenza abampofu efudumele abicah ingqondo. Nge lwaluyophola abalulekile kulezi zidalwa abonise intelligence eziphakeme ngokwedlulele. Abamele Silicon-calcium zomhlaba kungenziwa siguqulelwa lwamathambo zezilwane nezitshalo, kanye amarubi.

zemvelo

izazi zokuma komhlaba French Reshar Eskola futhi impela isikhathi eside, bahlola ngokucophelela amasampula idwala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni. Zathola ukuthi i-amatshe abe nezimpawu ezithile zokuphila izinqubo. Bathi nje zenzeka kancane kakhulu. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi esakhiwo setshe zingase zishintshe. Kungenzeka, omncane noma omdala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baye bathola ikhono lazo "ukuphefumula." Kodwa omunye "umoya" sisalokhu ukuze izinsuku 1-14, futhi "ukushaya kwenhliziyo" - cishe ngosuku. Ososayensi baye izithombe amatshe ezinkathini ezihlukahlukene isikhathi futhi wazakhela ikhono lazo ukuhambisa. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, "ezinkulu ezinyakazayo" kukhona ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.

ifomu Silicon zokuphila: agathe, aphilayo

Kukhona umbono wokuthi ngehele crystal of mineral uyakwazi ukuqongelela ulwazi kanye lidlalwa. Lokho kuwumbono ukubeka phambili "ecabanga idwala." Abanye abacwaningi bathi, zonke izinto eziphilayo ezenziwe ngamagciwane, abantu, kuhlanganise, kuphela "iyindawo". nokubaluleka kwazo itholakala ukuzalwa "amatshe". Litholakala ukuthi emlotheni ngemva ukushiswa kwesidumbu umuntu kungaba akhiqize idayimane. Le sevisi zithandwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, 500 g somlotha ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi ukushisa izinyanga 2 idayimane blue zingatshalwa nge ububanzi 5 mm. Umuntu ovamile synthesizes mayelana 100 kg asebenza ngebhethri ne-silicon etimphilweni tabo. Kukholakala ukuthi bathola emzimbeni, uqala ukukhula, ngokuvamile abangela ukungakhululeki. Ngemva kokufa kwala matshe kungenzeka ibhekane kuqala omunye umjikelezo ukuthuthukiswa usuvele yemvelo (zemvelo) izimo. Ziba okuyigugu angawodwa abafana agates. Cluster of zesihlabathi kanye nokuthuthukiswa umzimba Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa. inqubo okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi pseudomorphs. Ngakho, dinosaur amathambo aye alondolozwa kwaze kwaba sikhathi samanje ngenxa lesi simanga. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali izinsalela akuhlangene ne izigaxa ithambo asipheli. Empeleni, ukuba khona kwabo kubangela ifomu Silicon ukuphila. доказано рядом исследований. Lokhu kungase kutholakale by izifundo eziningana. Kwesinye isenzakalo ephonsa amathambo uhlala chalcedony, kwelinye - apatite. E-Australia, kwatholakala belemnites engavamile - cephalopods, owakhiwe kabanzi iplanethi zangenkathi Mesozoic. ezimbiwa phansi labo izinsalela esikhundleni Itshe Eliyigugu.

Uphenyo ka Bokovikova

". ifomu Abaningana impela ekuqaleni lokuphila kungenxa Silicon njengesibonelo we amaminerali "agathe". abacwaningi Russian Bokovikov wathola ezinye zezimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi uvumele ukwakha umbono ocatshangelwayo. Agate ezihlukahlukene cryptocrystalline asebenza ngebhethri. It uvezwa uhlobo emihle fibre aggregate chalcedony, imibala ehlukene nokusatshalaliswa banded isakhiwo egqinsiwe. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka eminingi observation iye yachazwa ifomu Silicon ukuphila. , как растительный организм, не бессмертен, несмотря на то, что существует миллионы лет. Agate umzimba isitshalo, awuwona ongenakufa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona izigidi zeminyaka.

izici

Ngo amasampula zobudala obuhlukene ngokucacile izici yokwakheka. Ikakhulukazi, usosayensi ucwaningo nethimba lakhe wathola crystalline kanye ezimthende umzimba bedplate esibukweni (ukubaluleka kwalesi sakhi engakaze isungulwe ngokunembile, kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu uhlobo ezibukwayo ukufana analyzer). Agatha isikhumba ezingaba fade futhi sikhiqize. Njengezinye izinto eziphilayo eziningi, begula futhi amanxeba abo (imifantu futhi chips). предполагает питание, захват определенных пространств, сохранение сложных форм в динамике. Silicon uhlobo lokuphila okuhilela ukudla, bamba izikhala ethile, ukulondolozwa bobunjwa eziyinkimbinkimbi the Dynamics.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Phakathi nocwaningo, ososayensi baye baveza iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Kwatholakala ukuthi agathe ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane. Crystalline umzimba zesifazane, futhi ezimthende - wesilisa. Yethula ezakhini zabo zofuzo. Basuke emelelwa insikazi umzimba zinhlayiya. Lokusakaza kungaba kwenziwe ngezindlela eziningana. развивается из "семян". Ngokwesibonelo, ifomu Kr emnievaya zokuphila eba kusukela 'inzalo.' Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibonelo eziqondile Bokovikov wabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka futhi luthela, cloning, ukwakha division amaphuzu kuhlukane. Abacwaningi baphawula ukukhiqizwa kabusha kriotami e-basalt. Izazi zesayensi ziye zakhomba eziningi izinqubo. Ngokwesibonelo, nucleation kriot, ukuthuthukiswa, ukubukeka kwezinsana, ukuguqulela umzimba, ukubukeka emhlabeni nuclei ka eyindilinga izakhiwo ukufa.

ukumelwa Masonic

Ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene kwakhiwa imfundiso entsha - anthroposophy. Umsunguli wawo kwaba Rudolf Steiner. является главенствующей на планете. Sathi ifomu Silicon ukuphila evelele emhlabeni. Ukuzalwa, ukuthuthukiswa kanye Ukufa komuntu kuyadingeka kuphela ngenhloso eyodwa. Kuyinto enkonzweni zomhlaba amaminerali. Indoda nezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona compounds nge ngamahele athomu. Steiner inkinga abantu ukubonile ekuguqulweni emhlabeni amaminerali ibe wobuciko. Wathi ugesi kuwubufakazi ekujuleni okulumba kwendaba. Lapho abantu kabusha izwe amaminerali, ngokuhambisana bezibona yayo yekani yasekhaya ukuthuthukisa iplanethi ngomqondo ongokoqobo. Yena uzoya kwelinye izwe lapho ifomu densified kuyoba obonakalisa konke kwake HLABA amaminerali. Steiner kuholela obuqinisekisa amazwi Goethe, lapho ekhuluma ezweni lemimoya. . Ngesikhathi sazi uveza ukuthi kukhona uhlobo lokuphila Silicon enyangeni. Uthi kule nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kwabe kuyisu yentuthuko. Ngo ngamunye endabeni ethile, maqondana ngamunye iplanethi, has wesifunda lalo. Athomu ngakwesokunxele ngemva ukumisa ngokomzimba, waba isisekelo sezinguqulo ukudalwa Earth. Ukuze iplanethi ithuthukiswe plan yabo. Ukufinyelela ekupheleni ukuthuthukiswa, ama-athomu zalo komunye nendikimba ethile esemkhathini. , Марсе, Юпитере. Lokhu kungaholela ifomu Silicon wokuphila ku Venus, Mars, Jupiter.

Cycle ngokwemvelo

выступает как начальная и конечная цель существования организмов на планете. Silicon uhlobo lokuphila selivela umgomo kokuqala nokokugcina bokuba khona izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Kunamaphuzu amaningana ososayensi abaqavile inikeza ukubona okushiwo ukuvela impucuko womuntu kuphela ukubamba iqhaza umjikelezo kwemvelo. Nakuba abantu abangu abazingeli kanye ababutha benza njengoba amalungu biocenoses zemvelo. Nokho impucuko inezici ezithile eziqondile. Ngokusho V. Malahova, omunye okukhishwe kusukela amathumbu lokho kwaphuma umjikelezo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuba amafutha namalahle negesi. Ezweni umuntu ibuyisela carbon ifomu kufinyeleleke kakhulu eziphilayo. Kukhishwa izinsimbi kusukela amathumbu, abantu bazogcwalisa effluents izimboni, imfucuza ukubuyela uxhumano ulwandle ifomu efanelekayo abakhileyo kulo. Lokhu, eqinisweni, kungumsebenzi isintu uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli.

ukubhujiswa isintu

Ngokusho Malakhov, lapho lo msebenzi wenziwa sezisebenza impucuko kuyofika ekupheleni onokuthula zemvelo, ngenxa Ukuwohloka esitokisini. Ngeke kube nempi yenuzi nokuqothulwa kancane lesintu. Kulokhu, lo Biosphere uyofinyelela ezingeni elisha yentuthuko. It ulindele zezimbali. Yiqiniso, wathi Malakhov, emoyeni carbonation, cishe Isivuvu, kwandzisa lwati ezisindayo ocean metal kuzoholela kokufa lenqwaba eziphilayo. Lokhu kuyoba omunye crisis biospheric. Nokho, nalokhu esigabeni esisha ekuphileni bayoqhakaza. Kuzoba nezinhlelo ezintsha zokwakha engavamile nezinsimbi. Nokho, konke lokhu kwakuyoba khona ngaphandle indoda.

okutholakele

Kususelwa umbono Malakhov, impucuko befa ngeke kusho ukufa umuntu. Phakathi nenkathi ethile, abantu usazoba ophilayo Emhlabeni. Ayavumelana imiphakathi bakudala ka pastoralists, abazingeli kanye ababutha. Nokho, kuyoba khona kohlobo njengoba isici omphakathi zemvelo nezemvelo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuyisisekelo ukuphila akufanele anthropocentrism. Kuyinto enkonzweni "Okunye", okuyinto, ngokusho Efremov, kunganqunywa ngokutadisha itshe njengenye zako.

"Isimo Esibucayi Matter"

Ngokusho ososayensi abathile, kungase futhi abe uhlobo lokuphila. Igama elithi "esimnyama," kusho abacwaningi ubheke into esicabanga ukuthi kungaqhamuka ayizwayo mayelana 27% yonke. Yemvelo, lo mqondo yasungulelwa ukuchaza ukuphikisana ezithile. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kule ndaba ingaba okunengqondo futhi nobudlelwane nabantu. Nokho, lokhu izicubu sise quantum ezingeni. Lokhu kuchaza yokuthi eside ukuhlola umkhathi usosayensi Wabonisa ubufakazi ngezinga elamukelekayo impilo yezinye izinto emhlabeni.

isiphetho

Izincwadi wezokwelapha ethandwa zingatholakala imiphumela kunocwaningo olubonisa ukuthi umzimba womuntu udinga mayelana 40-50 mg Silicon usuku ngalunye. Njengoba umsebenzi ewumgogodla ukhonza silondoloze umzimba evamile. Kwatholakala ukuthi abaningi isifo somzimba kungabi ngokwanele uma Silicon kwaba kuwo. Kule ndaba, kunenkolelo yokuthi okhokho empilweni yomuntu laqedwa ukudla ekuvimbela ukumuncwa yayo. Abaningi babo zifakwe Ukudla namuhla. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, yayiba yinyama, ufulawa omhlophe, ushukela, ukudla okusemathinini. ukudla ezazixutshwe isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene imisiwe kuze 8 h. Lokhu kusho ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi umzimba digests ukudla, sisebenzisa kakhulu enzyme. Esimweni esinjalo, wacabanga I. P. Pavlov, umzimba awukwazi ukulethela okwanele of energy nezinye izitho - inhliziyo, izinso, imisipha, ingqondo. Kule abacwaningi ukwenza isiphetho esisodwa esibalulekile. Bathi, cishe, Steiner, owathi okushiwo khona omuntu lwakhiwa enkonzweni namaminerali, ilungelo.