Bronchiectasis

Kuyini bronchiectasis, izimpawu ezifweni nakwezinye izinto, kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko. Bronchiectasis kusho khona e amaphaphu bronchiectasis (pathologically okushintshiwe naphakathi kanye bronchi encane sithuthukiswe). Inweba, efomini ziyafana amasilinda. Esimeni ezishintshwe isihlahla bronchial cishe njalo ukwethula i-elementi ukuvuvukala. Inqubo sokugembula ngokuvamile zendawo iyizingxenye maphakathi kanye engezansi yamaphaphu.

Bronchiectasis kuwumphumela ukuphela azalwa naso izakhiwo anomaly bronchial (bronchial ukwehluleka uqwanga izicubu cystic, Kartagener Syndrome), i-pneumonia ezinzima noma ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula ukuthi bathunyelwa ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni. Imbangela yale isifo kungaba ukwehla ukusabela ukuvikela sesihlahla som bronchial kanye izivikeli mzimba (i-gamma globulin ukuntula nomsebenzi phagocytic et al.), Kanye nabanye ifomu ezinzima zalesi sifo.

Bronchiectasis ngokwemvelo kungenzeka samabanga aphansi noma. Imbangela eyinhloko ukusonteka bronchial ngokuvamile azalwa naso isici ukuthuthukiswa izicubu eholela ukuqina ulwelwesi bronchial. Okuthile okungavamile kwenzeka isikhwehlela ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngokujoyina ukutheleleka yesibili. ukusonteka Secondary kwenzeka ngenxa yanoma iyiphi thuthuva bronchial amanzi umsebenzi (functional noma organic). Khona ukuvuvukala ezingalapheki njalo kubangela nezibazi izindonga imithambo emaphashini.

Bronchiectasis ukubonwa ukukhwehlela njalo nge expectoration purulent isikhwehlela. Ngezinye izikhathi abadala bronchiectasis ngaphandle exacerbation zenzeka hemoptysis. Ungalalela umoya ngesandla esiqinile lapho kwesifuba exacerbation imvelo ezinomswakama. Komyanga negesi lokushintshisana in odongeni wamaphaphu, isiguli e hypoxia njalo. Omunye izici salo ukubonakaliswa sangaphandle ushintsho neminwe njengoba drumsticks , nesitsha nail. Ziyafana ingilazi ihora.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla kusiza ukuhlola isiguli, lokuqoqa izikhalazo. Esifubeni-X-ray iphethini cylindrical ebonakalayo ingaphakathi, iphaphu atelectasis nokwehlisa ngosayizi. Phakathi exacerbation of ebonakalayo izicubu kokuziphatha. izindlela zesimanje zokuxilonga ukuvumela ukunquma ngokunembile indawo isifo futhi inqubo sokugembula. Lezi zindlela zibandakanya ikhompyutha tomography, ukubulawa bronhografii nge umehluko. Isetshenziselwa ukucacisa nokudlanga inqubo nekubona amacebo zokwelapha noma kuhlinzwa.

Bronchiectasis, ukwelashwa kanye Izibikezelo lesi sifo

Ukwelashwa incike nokudlanga inqubo isifo, imvamisa nobukhali exacerbations. Injongo zokwelapha iwukuba kujwayeleke noma ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi amanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa bronchodilators. Zinikeza okusheshayo dilatation umphumela, ekuqedeni kwesifuba futhi somoya ukuhlaselwa, normalizing negesi lokushintshisana. Bronchodilators asetshenziswa ngendlela aerosols ngoba ephefumula. Aqokwe izidakamizwa expectorant. Isiguli kubalulekile ukugwema hypothermia, imithwalo esindayo, ukuchayeka nomzimba kanye nezifo. Ngaphandle exacerbation ke kuba isibopho ukuqhuba ukuphefumula izivivinyo. Kukhona iqoqo umzimba eziqinisa umzimba, imisipha zokuphefumula, kuthuthukisa kwegazi futhi oyenza isebenze umzimba. Massage esifubeni u- (amanzi postural) ikhuthaza amanzi kangcono. Phakathi exacerbation nzima ukuqhuba isikhwehlela ukuthuthwa kwendle bronchial usebenzisa bronchoscope. Exacerbations ziphathwa esibhedlela.
Uma unezilonda olubanzi izingxenye eziningi noma wabelane ngakho, hypoxia, impatho kuhlinzwa kuboniswa. Liphinde kwenziwe nge bronchiectasis elinganiselwe futhi usemncane.

Lesi sifo, ukwelashwa okufanele, ukusebenza ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokuhlumelelisa izimbotshana, ezimweni eziningi, has a Izibikezelo evumayo.