Bit - iyunithi Imininingwane

Bit - yisikali sokuthi inani Imininingwane. Klod Shennon ezihlongozwayo ukusebenzisa elithi kancane ngo-1948 ukuze ubheke iyunithi ulwazi. Manje sizoxoxa umlando kanye nokuqukethwe umqondo kabanzi.

Kuyini

Uma sikhuluma kanjani ukuhunyushwa igama elithi "kancane", yini lo mqondo, futhi yiziphi kwaqala, kumelwe bathi ibinzana IsiZulu idijithi kanambambili, okuyindawo owasungula gama livela English kusho inombolo kanambambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezwe igama ethile umdlalo. Bit - ucezu noma nezinhlayiya.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi omunye kancane ku -binary code kungathatha amanani amabili kuphela, okuyizinto alizimele: yebo / cha, 1/0, sithola enye incazelo. Ngakho, i-bit - kuba inani Imininingwane eyenza kube lula ukuphendula ngokucacile, wabuza umbuzo othi uhlelo. Ngo-electronics, omunye kancane sifana omunye kanambambili flip-flop esesikhundleni uthi ezimbili esitebeleni.

zinhlobo

Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi kancane eyodwa - iyunithi okulingana idijithi elilodwa kanambambili inombolo system. 2 ukuqaliswa kungenzeka obungokomzimba ngenxa yokuhlushwa njalo idijithi elilodwa kanambambili. Kushintshana Bit kuhilela ukusetshenziswa eyodwa okukhipha we isiqhebezo kanambambili, lapho iqanda ezingeni kungasho isiginali "0", kanye kungenzeka iphutha wesifunda.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ezingeni eliphezulu unesibopho isignali "1" futhi ukuseviswa egcwele wesifunda. ibhithi Biphase Kuhilela ukusebenzisa kokubili kanambambili isiqhebezo okukhiphayo. Endabeni wesifunda ukusebenza omunye amazinga ezimbili ephezulu, kwesibili - okuphansi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga eliphezulu kokubili babashayeli, futhi ongaphakeme kokubili izintambo ibonisa iphutha wesifunda.

ukudluliswa kwedatha

Uma sikhuluma computer science, kanye amanethiwekhi of ukuthumela idatha, kukhona ngokuvamile amagugu zero nokukodwa badabula emazingeni ahlukahlukene voltage noma yamanje. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi emkhakheni computer, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa amazinga kanye nezincwadi, igama elithi "kancane" sivamile ukusetshenziswa ngomqondo "idijithi kanambambili". Ngokuthakazelisayo, i-analog izingcezu ukuze amakhompyutha quantum abe qubit (q-izingcezu).

ibhayithi

Isethi idatha kwikhompyutha, ehlanganisa 8 izingcezu, ngokuthi ibhayithi. Lokho ukumelwa-8-bit yakha isendlalelo sokobana izinhlamvu ezithile, isb uhlamvu "A". Futhi, lesi silinganiso ikuvumela ukusebenza izibalo kanambambili. Ngamanye amazwi, ibhayithi kuyinto izingcezu umyalo into okuhambisanayo ifayela ethize.

Kulokhu, ngamunye ibhayithi has a ikheli elihlukile kwimemori PC. Amabhithi nge amabhayithi baye yezinombolo 0-7 futhi ezibhekwa kwesokudla kuya kwesokunxele. Isibonelo, uma sisebenzisa inombolo kancane 76543210, ukubaluleka kwalo 01000001, futhi Ukukhishwa iphrinta ikhodi Imininingwane uzobe incwadi evamile "A" elakhiwe.

Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi inani izingcezu kufakwe ibhayithi olulodwa lingalingani. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ithimba lapho uphendukela ibhayithi, kuba siqu amasheke computer, futhi uma inani izingcezu ifakiwe ngisho, uhlelo ibika nephutha. Njengoba ngesiphambeko silinganiso, kungaba kubangelwe ukuhluleka kwehadi noma into okungahleliwe, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kuyaqabukela.

Lapho ekucubunguleni idatha ku computer siqu esebenzisa kagesi kukhona amaza eziningi zikagesi. izifunda okunjalo aqukethe babashayeli ekhethekile, kanye logic amasango, abizwa kanjalo microdevices electronic. Ngesikhathi amaza esifanayo kudlule ngamasango ukuthi, bakwazi "acime". Ngenxa yaleli idatha icutshungulwe. Ekuphetheni, waphinda ukhumbule ukuthi kancane -, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kancane amancane kolwazi, okuyinto thina uzofunda kancane ngaphezulu.