Bird corncrake (corncrake): incazelo, isithombe

Phakathi eziningi inyoni umbuso, kukhona kwezinhlobo ezithakazelisa kakhulu, elimalungu alo kuhluke enyanya kwabo flying. Lokhu akumangazi kakhulu, ngoba izinyoni zidalwe ezulwini. Nature endowed amaphiko awo, kodwa lokhu enezimpiko cishe aliphumi emoyeni. igama Bird - corncrake, kodwa-ke kubizwa ngokuthi Crake (Photo ukubona ngezansi.).

Ntambama esinendawo wezwa wokuqhuma umsindo ongajwayelekile, into Babukeka njengezihlahla amaxoxo. ufa okunjalo ukushicilela landrails ngoba ukwesaba kwabo kunzima ukubona, kodwa ukuzwa emcimbini. Mayelana ukuthi ifana corncrake, lapho izimpilo, indlela ephila endle, kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

incazelo

Ubukhulu bale corncrake, isithombe usuvele ibukeke encane, okumenza enesisindo 125-155 g olusebenza iphuphu landrails okhuluphele kuphela ubudala isisindo. umzimba lenyoni zibukeke ibonakala isicaba singatsheki, impela umsila esifushane, iphiko obuphelele - 14-16 cm, umlomo wenyoni emifushane (2-2.2 cm) ububanzi ngasesinqeni.

Top umbala izimpaphe mottled, iba nsundu ngokubomvu. Ipeni Centre blackish, ekupheleni lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Hips nesisu buffy-ezimhlophe, siphethe ngokubomvu imivimbo. Chest, goiter nentamo grey umbala. Amehlo abomvu ansundu noma hazel. Ngamafuphi, landrail inyoni aka landrail ubukeka ngesizotha nokukhanya izimpaphe zikhishwa.

endaweni

Landrails isidleke ensimini ka-Eurasia, evela eFrance naseBrithani entshonalanga kuya empumalanga South Yakutia, kusukela enyakatho ehlathini amazwe semi ehlane. Ububanzi idatha bamba izinyoni yasehlanzeni Caucasian. Ubusika inyoni corncrake ithunyelwa climes ezifudumele eNingizimu-Eastern Afrika.

Lungisa landrails uncamela upland kanye kwimfunda ezimfundeni, phakathi utshani zisetshenziswa, emasimini uncultivated yene, ihlathi ezivulekile, ezindaweni lulwimi omile emaxhaphozini. Futhi ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo efanelekayo izinyoni izingadi kanye kutholakale indawo yamasimu kakolweni. Bayakuthanda seduze imizimba amanzi, kodwa umswakama ngokweqile ezindaweni zazo, lezi zinyoni awukwazi ukubekezelela.

Crake: umsindo, ukukhala

Ukukhuluma corncrake inyoni, kuyafaneleka ukuthi igama layo Old Russian "Crake" livela silingo, staccato ukukhala idatha enezimpiko. Ukutshiyoza kwezinyoni nemisindo corncrake endaweni evulekile kwakuzwakala ngisho ikhilomitha. Ikakhulukazi ovelele endaweni "ukucula" elikhulu kangaka kwabesilisa nabesifazane liziphathe ngaphezulu ngesizotha.

Crake, ogama imisindo izwakale ngokuvamile ebusuku, lapho kuhlwa noma entathakusa, ezahlukene ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kokuzalela. Lakhe elikhulu, njenge ukunyakazisa ukumemeza "boom-boom, boom-boom, boom-boom ..." iduna ezama ukudonsa amehlo nabesifazane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyinselele izimbangi.

Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana zabo "iculo" corncrake njengengxenye isasasa Ngeke uzwe, uma uthola kancane kakhulu eduze kwakhe. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela ukuhamba phakathi "ivesi" Lapho inyoni uyakhala. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, nje stuns ngokwayo yimisindo lalo. Phakathi ukukhala landrail kakhulu idonsa phambili entanyeni yakhe, aguquke ngesikhathi esifanayo bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene.

Uma uvalo inyoni ezizwa ingozi, uqhoqhoqho uzoqala ukukhala sinamandla ngokungajwayelekile futhi abukhali, efana magpies stridulatory. Futhi corncrake kungase kusimangaze nangenye umsindo, ngokushesha ngokuphinda "Mina". It ukucula yayo engavamile ihlukile kwezinye izinyoni inyoni corncrake, incazelo Screams wakhe kanye nemisindo - ubufakazi.

indlela yokuphila

Residence landrail (yenkukhu) uncamela ukhethe okusezingeni eliphezulu ezimanzi edlelweni utshani. Ngokuvamile, kungaba lezi zezinyoni ezitholakala amasimu, batshala izilimo.

Crake ibhekisela ezakhamuzini kobusuku, iyodwa. Uma izimo zivuma sezulu, emincanyana, izinyoni ngokungakhathali ngobusuku obubodwa kuholele yokuphila asebenzayo , kanye kuphela ekuseni ekuphumeni kwelanga, iya ukuphumula.

Bheka Crake e utshani kunzima kakhulu ukuba baveze liyophuma kuphela isidingo. Ngakho le nyoni kulula ukuzwa kuka ukubona. Running izinyoni, eguqa phambi ingxenye yomzimba futhi ikhanda emhlabathini ukuze umsila ingaphezu. Phakathi nangukuhamba igcinwe nodding ikhanda lakhe uqalaza, ngezinye izikhathi yena elungisa futhi usinika obugcwele entanyeni. Lapho kukhona Ukuhlolwa esifushane, landrail ishicilela ngokukhamuluka ekhethekile, njengoba uma idolo yena futhi uyaqiniseka ukuthi ayikho ingozi.

Uma ingozi akunakugwenywa, inyoni corncrake kwasekuqaleni izama ukuzibalekela. Runner lokhu enezimpiko olungenakuqhathaniswa, umzimba yayo emincane kusiza ukunyakaza ngokushesha okusezingeni eliphezulu utshani obukhulu. Lapho kungenandlela yokubaleka, le nyoni has ukuze fly up. Yenta loku Clumsy kancane futhi kancane. Uma indiza, imilenze eligoqiwe phansi, lesi senzo ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, ezimbalwa amamitha landrail ehlala utshani bese uqhubeke ukulondoloza sikuvumela ngokwabo ezweni.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Owesilisa Crake kungenziwa ngokuthi isoka anekhono wazibonela indoda labesifazane. Nakuba kuyafaneleka ukuphetha uqaphele ukuthi, lapho benakekela elilodwa lensikazi, ngakolunye akusho ukuchitha isikhathi. Kulokhu okungenhla kuyacaca ukuthi corncrakes poligamny ngokulandelana.

Yokukhwelana siphela kusuka April kuya July. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngesikhathi imishado inyoni amaduna ahlotshiswe kakhulu. Ngaphezu "iculo", nabo ukudansa ukunqoba izinhliziyo izinsikazi. Lapho insikazi ingena emkhakheni buka lowesilisa, uqala ukwenza kokuzalela umdanso, ngesikhathi okufuna izindawo kahle obomvu emaphikweni. Kodwa lokhu akulona kumkhawulo umzamo "umnumzana", usehlane, 'ukushisa passion anganika ngisho sweethearts yakho enezimpiko "nice kancane" izipho iminenke kanye nezikelemu. Uma ngaphambi ukupha okunjalo ku ingxenye besilisa awufiki, insikazi ingase ngokwayo ayidingayo ephatha.

Ngenkathi omunye, iduna kungaba ndawonye neyensikazi 2-3, yisilinganiso sesifundo esisodwa umfana, amantombazane amabili awe. imisebenzi yakhe ungafaki ukwakhiwa izidleke, ukuchamisela amaqanda futhi benakekela izingane. Uma insikazi uqala amaqanda, eyeduna uya beyofuna omunye darling.

Ikusasa umama enezimpiko ulungiselela isidleke phakathi sezihlahla ezincane noma baphakathi kotshani obukhulu. Okokuqala-ke Ukuvubukula umgodi engajulile, bese abami phansi moss umoba sedge kanye notshani. Omunye bamba ivela amaqanda 7 kuya ku-12. Female incubates kubo ngaphandle kosizo ubaba budedengu.

ekukhuliseni

Dergach (yenkukhu) ehlezi amaqanda amasonto amathathu kulandelwa eyodwa amaphuphu bazalwa. Basuke embozwe fuzz sinombala-black. Ngokuphelele izingane olungenakuzisiza lakhe lingeke ladalulwa ngenxa cishe ngokushesha nje phansi obsohnet, amachwane ukushiya isidleke bathatha unina ngokuphepha.

Eyokuqala 3-4 izinsuku zokuphila inyoni corncrake ekondleni amaphuphu alo kusuka ngoqhwaku. Lapho ingane iphendula 2 amaviki, ziba esizimele ngokuphelele, kungase ngokwabo ukukhiqiza ukudla. Ezinyangeni ubudala izinyoni abasha baqale ukwenza indiza yabo yokuqala futhi aphume ukunakekelwa kamama.

Crake nabesifazane, abahlala eNtshonalanga Yurophu kungenzeka phezu ehlobo ukwenza ezimbili ekuxhakathisweni amaqanda futhi ukuletha ezimbili broods amatshwele, kuyilapho izakhamuzi enezimpiko yezindawo ezisempumalanga ngenxa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zezulu we bamba yesibili kuyaqabukela kwenziwe.

abela

Bird corncrake akuyona imifino, wakujabulela udla ukudla isitshalo kokubili futhi ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni. Sikhishwe yokuthi landrail uncamela abahlala ezindaweni evundile, ekukhiqizeni senkinga yabantu ephathelene nokudla ayinayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuyohlala eduze kwensimu okusanhlamvu, inyoni uyohlale uyogcwala wokusanhlamvu izinambuzane.

Ukudla corncrake kuhlanganisa imbewu, amahlumela amasha izitshalo. Imenyu is kwahambisana by izinambuzane ezincane, centipedes, iminenke encane, nemisundu eminingi.

labantu

Crake - inyoni nezimfihlo kakhulu futhi baqaphe, okuyinto kufihlakele emehlweni abantu. Ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukunquma inani Crake imiphakathi. Omunye nje ukuthi nokwami ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lamapulazi imvelo e izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa zezinyoni ayikwazi idatha kuchasiselwe.

Kufanele Yebo kuqashelwe ukuthi, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu eminyakeni eyedlule isibalo corncrake kuyehla. izimfunda Wet kuthiwa kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile anyamalale landscape, ngenxa yalokho, kunciphise labantu Crake, ngubani ikakhulu bukhoma ku zindawo.