Biography Hachaturyana arama Ilicha. Yekuchumana. isithombe

Personality neze ezihambisana ezihlongozwayo. Isibonelo salokhu - Biography Hachaturyana arama Ilicha. Khachaturian wafuna ukwazi umhlaba wonke. INdodana Umbhangqi wamabhuku wathatha i-Queen Elizabeth yeBelgium, yena wabingelelwa wamavukelambuso Che Guevara, wamhlangabeza isithombe lezihlakaniphi Ernest Hemingway - futhi zonke okufanele asolwe isipho okungaphezu kokuvamile anakho umqambi, ogama umculo captivates kusukela Amabha sokuqala ngqa.

ebuntwaneni

Aramu Khachaturian wazalwa ngo Tiflis ngaphansi emzaneni ngo-1903, futhi ngakhulela edolobheni ezinomsindo futhi kumnandi, egcwele folk bezinsimbi Armenia, Georgian futhi Russian. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wakhuluma ngezilimi ezintathu. Houses - Armenia, egcekeni - e Georgian, esikoleni - ngesiRashiya. Futhi kwaba kulungile, ngempela ngokwemvelo. Akekho abutholakali ngaphakathi kwemingcele emincane ubuzwe, no-Aramu ingatholwa yibo bonke izitayela. Wayilalela umama Armenia Folk songs emgwaqweni kwakuzwakala Polyphony Georgian, imisindvo amapaki ka zothando Russian. Esimeni lesinjalo, kanye nomntwana ungathanda ngicule ngidlale. Hlobo luni injabulo okwaba yiyo lapho ngezinye izikhathi Wathenga upiyano nokhiye ukucwila! Aramu kuso asheshe afunda ukuthi sithathe zonke izingoma nge indlebe nokuzivumelanisa nezimo kancane. Yaqala kanjalo biography okudala Khachaturian.

E-Moscow

Indlu akayithandanga ukoma kwakhe yomculo wathunyelwa Eminyakeni eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye enhloko-dolobha ukuze Suren umzalwane. Kube Aramu wangena eMoscow University e-Faculty of Biology. Kodwa isimo enhlokodolobha - isikhungo zomculo kanye namasiko, lapho ungakwazi khona symphony amakhonsathi, ulalele opera, lokwentiwako kwenzeke ku Mayakovsky, akuzange kudingeke ukuba ama-Aram biology amakilasi. It kwabaphoqelela badonsekela umculo. Yebo umzalwane nabangane wameluleka ukuba adonsele ukunakekela kwakhe. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokwazi le notation emculweni, insizwa abanesibindi waya okuku e Gnessin School. Othisha bamangala ukuzwa, inkumbulo zomculo, umuzwa isigqi nokungakwazi ukudlala noma yimuphi insimbi yomculo. Kodwa-Aramu namanje wamukela, angacabangi isiqalo, okuyinto ubuhlakani. Lokho ithalente uchazwa kanjani lonke biography Khachaturian.

Isifundo ezindaweni ezimbili

Aramu ukuthi udwenguliwe. Wayefuna ukujabulisa uyise nonina, futhi akazange ayeke eyunivesithi kanye esikoleni wathunyelwa ukubhekana isigaba cello - ibhizinisi ngokuphelele entsha, futhi yonke eyala theory kudingeka kuthathelwe izinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze uhambisane nabafundi esasikanye nabo, owayefundelwa kubo kusukela ebuntwaneni.

Ayikho imali eyanele, wasebenza ingxenye athula ke lokufundiswa, kwaholela umculo amakilasi enkulisa. Ukuxhumana izingane ezincane Aramu wanika injabulo enkulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo waqala ukubhala, ngakho kakhulu kuxhopha kangangokuthi play wakhe kunganikeza play ochwepheshe.

somculo

Kusukela ngo-1929 kuya 1934, Aramu wafunda Ukwakheka ngaphansi kokuqondisa M. F. Gnesina, bese - N. Ya Myaskovskogo.. Indlela empilweni wayezimisele ngaye - Yenza umculo: emihleni yakhe umfundi kwakukhona Suites, Toccata, amakhonsathi. Trio ngoba negekle futhi violin kakhulu adunyiswe Prokofiev, wamyisa France. Waqale kwenziwa e-Paris. savela Ngakho biography Khachaturian eminyakeni yakhe umfundi.

Umshado nokuphila siqu

Ngo-1933, umshado yase-Aramu nasesandleni nengane efunda nayo esikoleni sakhe, umqambi esizayo Nina Vladimirovna Makarova. Kwaba nenjabulo emshadweni, lapho wazalwa indodana uKaren. Umndeni kwakufanele ukuqonda okuphelele ngokuvumelana nomunye futhi ngokuphelele. Esikhathini esifanayo amathathu nantathu ngonyaka wawugcwele zemikhosi futhi ezimibalabala "Dance Suite" I-symphony ye-orchestra. Ukuphela somculo kwaphawulwa ngokubhala Okokuqala Symphony, okuyinto kwakuzwakala ngaphansi nemengamo yalo. Thuthukisa ukuvuthwa okudala umqambi, owaphenduka engu-32 ubudala.

Iminyaka yempi

Ngaphambi kwempi, Aramu Khachaturian wabhala ballet "Injabulo". I Libretto akuphumelelanga kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuba kamuva Cold Perm kuphela idale umsebenzi omusha, "Gayane". Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-Aram Khachaturian kwaba umqambi ayibonwa. Ukuze umculo wakhe ngoba "ukubonakala" idrama kanye comedy "I-Valencian Umfelokazi", yena yanikezelwa Order of Lenin. Ballet "Gayane" wabekwa ithimba we Kirov Theatre ngo-1942. Umsolwa oneminyaka engu-42 yase-Aramu ubhale yesibili, "Military" Symphony, futhi seliqedile Concerto violin, okuyinto eyaba umculi wokuqala kaDavide Oistrakh. Ngo-1944 wadala liculo isimo Armenia. Wafika e Yerevan ehlobo, amafasitela efulethini ivulekile, futhi imisindo liculo ngaphansi kwabo ngabantu abenza nema phansi amafasitela beqalisa ukuhlabelela kanye ukuzwa umculo.

Ngo-1945 umqambi ku negagasi injabulo ethandwa nomdlandla ukudala lwesithathu ningakhathazeki "ngokuwina" wezinsimbi. Wakhumbula abaculi kanjani elambile - ke Shostakovich noDavide Oistrakh - wanika ekhonsathini zona babephathwa ukuba kwasemini. Futhi isikhashana ugxile biography Khachaturian.

Ukulwisana icala e umculo

Ngemva kwempi Stalin aqala ukulwa cosmopolitanism. Zonke izinhlobo yobuciko ithole ezihambisanayo. Arama Ilicha, walivikela Prokofiev, osolwa icala. Amacala abekwa wona okuthi kwakungamanga aluhlaza cwe, ngoba womculo umculo yayisekelwe Folk imiculo ukuthi ukuvusa umcabango umqambi. Kodwa wabulawa basuswa ezihlalweni zabo kuyi-Union of bomculo, bese Aramu ngomdlandla waqala imisebenzi eminingi lokudala. Ngu-1954 waphothula umsebenzi ballet "uSpartacus", futhi yacala eLeningrad eminyakeni emibili. Kodwa full-scale ballet ukuthi okuhleliwe kuphela ngo-1968 eneminyaka Bolshoi Theatre. Naye endleleni wahamba phesheya njengoba "Gayane" futhi "Sabre Dance" waba inombolo ezimele.

Ukusebenza yaseshashalazini kanye cinema

Ukuze yaseshashalazini imikhiqizo, njengoba kushiwo, Aramu wabhala umculo. Ngenxa ngemisebenzi yakhe amabili okukhulu, namafilimu amabili nanhlanu. Abanye imisebenzi kamuva reworked ku suite. Kuba "ukubonakala", "Lermontov", "ethi Macbeth", "Inkosi Lear", "uSpartacus", "Gayane" kanye nabanye abaningi, okuyizinto athandwa kakhulu.

imisebenzi Ukufundisa nezenhlalo

Esikhathini 60s, kanye nemsebenti wekuticambela wakwa-Aram, afundiswe eMoscow Conservatory, kanye ne-Institute. Gnesin. He qamba entsha, athuthukiswe izimiso zakhe siqu ukwakheka. Wafundela u-Andrei Eshpay, u-Alexei Rybnikov, Mikael Tariverdiev. Futhi uhlu ukuqhubeka futhi. Ngalesi sikhathi kuba imisebenzi sakhe esinabileko representational, okuyinto uvalwe exhunywe biography Khachaturian. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa naye Queen Elizabeth nezwe laseBelgium. Akazange senqabe kusuka uhambo phesheya futhi wahlangana Charlie Chaplin, Herbert von Karajan, ngisho ne-Pope. Kodwa uphatheke kabi yakhe ukuthi umsebenzi womphakathi ezibanzi akazange amnike ithuba ukubhala umdlalo we-opera. Isihloko Hero of Socialist Labour, yena yanikezelwa ngenxa yosizo lwakhe kuya iminyaka engu-70 ngo-1973. Aramu khona ilungu zokuhlonipha ka Italian Academy of Music, uprofesa somculo Mexican, ilungu ohambelana Academy of Arts sase-GDR.

Ukuphila okunjalo ezicindezelayo abathintekayo impilo umqambi, futhi eqala sigule ngokuvamile. Isimo sakhe saba sibi kakhulu, sigule futhi sife komkayo othandekayo ngo-1976. Ngempela, Aramu wehluleka ukuphila ngaphandle kwakhe. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngo-1978, kwathi lapho umuntu edlula eneminyaka engu-75. Biography of umqambi omkhulu Hachaturyana arama Ilicha e intshumayelo yethu iphelile. ukuphila kwakhe waqhubeka umculo ngemisebenzi abafundi bakhe.

Biography Khachaturian kafushane izingane

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, endaweni esinomsindo ashisayo Tiflis (manje eTbilisi, Lomuzi ubizwa ngokuthi) wazalelwa emkhayeni wendodana iphrinta lwesine, owayebizwa ngokuthi Aramu. Akekho owayazi kahle-, kusukela ebuntwaneni ngemva kokulalela Folk songs ukuthi sasivela nxazonke wonke amagceke ezitaladini, lo mfanyana ifunda polurazlomannom upiyano by indlebe pick up noma iyiphi umculo bese ngaphezu into prisochinyat kuso, bese iya eMoscow futhi ngeke bafunde futhi isazi sezinto eziphilayo, nomculi. Labo abasebenza ngaphandle umculo esikoleni, wazi ukuthi singakanani isikhathi futhi kudinga usebenze kanzima kufanele abeke ukuze uthole amamaki amahle kuphela, futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba izikole umculo nasemakolishi uqhubeke, uma kungenzeka, in the somculo. Kodwa abahlakaniphe kakhulu insizwa ungeniswe Gnessin School, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akazi notation emculweni, futhi izandla zakhe zaba awufikanga, futhi wayengasakwazi ukudlala noma iyiphi insimbi yomculo. Baningi Aramu Ilichu Hachaturyanu kwaba ukwamukela izinkolelo ezingaqondakali. Kodwa watadisha ngokuzikhandla, futhi sonke leso sikhathi ubhala umculo. Futhi lapho ephothula Conservatory, okungcono yemisebenzi yakhe kwaba waltz ukuze drama "ukubonakala" Lermontov sika. Ekilasini ku School of Music umsindo ukuthi, njengoba besho, le smash-hit, njengoba "Sabre Dance" kusukela ballet "Gayane".

Imisebenzi arama Ilicha kudlalwa abadlali bethu abakhulu ukuthi babuka emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho imisebenzi yakhe baye bafunda hhayi kuphela ekhaya kodwa futhi phesheya. Wayengumuntu isivakashi bamukelekile Queen of Belgium, Charlie Chaplin, Stravinsky, ngesikhathi Sibelius, uPapa waseRoma. Nansi biography Khachaturian izingane.