Bangaki imigqa in a commando parachute? Incazelo zedivayisi kanye nezinhlobo parachutes

Ingabe uyazi ukuthi zingaki olayini parachute commando? Kusukela lapho kwenziwa? On zale mibuzo kanye neminye uzothola izimpendulo kulesi sihloko. Parachute yidivayisi ye indwangu eyenziwe ngesimo a umkhumbi, ukuze ehambisana a izitilobho wezimpahla noma uhlelo ukumiswa. It kubambezela ukuhanjiswa into emoyeni. Parachutes zisetshenziselwa alibale ukunyakaza imishini ezinamaphiko kokufika futhi bagxume besuka emazwini izinto ezihleliwe (noma izindiza) linokwethenjelwa ngenjongo ukuqaliswa kanye kokwehla imithwalo (abantu).

zinhlobo

Abaningi ezithakazelisayo ukwazi ukuthi zingaki olayini commando parachute. Air izambulela Okokuqala esetshenziselwa cababa ezithambile yomuntu Emhlabeni. Namuhla, ngosizo kubo ekulondolozeni abantu, desantiruyutsya emoyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakhonza njengezikhonzi imishini umsebenzi.

Landing wezimpahla futhi zesitimela necebo ezambuleleni yasezulwini. Ukuze kokufika imishini esindayo singasetshenziswa amadivayisi kanyekanye eziningana ezinjalo. Rescue System izindiza ukukhanya kukhona yohlobo lwazo. Amadivayisi anjalo aqukethe parachute futhi accelerators kwavusa ukudweba (nangomcibisholo, ballistic noma pyrotechnic). Lapho isimo esiyingozi, umshayeli ashukumisa imoto sokutakula izindiza ngezindiza ezincane ihlala phansi. Lezi zindlela zivame kakhulu wagxeka.

Small parachutes ezibangela ukuzinza emkhayeni (njengabaphakathi ukuncela) isikhundla umzimba ilawulwa ngesikhathi kalula ekwehleleni. Izingqinamba emoyeni izambulela eklanyelwe unciphise kokumisa amabanga yezimoto futhi izindiza zempi ukumisa izimoto e umjaho. Ngokwesibonelo, amadivayisi njenge afakelwe izindiza Tu-104 futhi onobuhle Tu-ekuqaleni 134.

Ukuze kuncishiswe velocity mkhathi lapho lihlala phezu into yasezulwini noma ngesikhathi ukunyakaza emkhathini, ziyasebenza parachutes. Kuyaziwa ukuthi baziwa lokufikela abantu nezimpahla yakhelwe ezivamile round izambulela yasezulwini. A isesekhona parachutes round eyenziwe ngesimo iphiko Rogallo nge udonseleka vertex ibhande isivinini leSupersonic, Kites - amaphiko esime i lesiyingi noma isikwele nabanye abaningi.

kwidivaysi disembarkation

Ngakho, bangaki olayini commando parachute? Ukuze ihlala ngokuphepha wezazi womuntu baye basungula lezi izinhlobo emoyeni isambulela:

• injongo ekhethekile;
• ukutakula;
• ukuqeqeshwa;
• ukushaya;
• igobolondo ukuhlela parachute uhlelo (ezemidlalo).

Imihlobo esisekelo ngile lokushaya (round) kanye parachutes "iphiko" kohlelo (amathuluzi igobolondo yokuhlela).

Izinhlobo lempi "emoyeni isambulela"

Kwaba yilelo nalelo butho kumele bazi Imigqa eminingi kanjani kusukela commando parachute. Army izambulela kwasezulwini ababonakali ezimbili zama: isikwele round. Dome of the round kokwehla parachute - a ipholigoni, okuyinto ugcwele emoyeni, kuthatha ngesimo Nenkabazwe. Phezulu kukhona cutout (noma izicubu ngaphansi aminyene) maphakathi. izinhlelo ezinjalo (isib D-5, D-10, D-6) libhekene okulandelayo ephezulu liphumele izici:

• evamile ukuphakama ukusebenza - kusuka 800 kuya 1200 m;
• nokukhawulela ukuphakama bephonsa - 8 km;
• bephonsa leliphansi kakhulu - m 200 nokungawuvivinyi ngokwanele Dome egcwele okungenani 10 sec kanye 3 isekhondi sinjalo.

Round kokwehla parachute kunzima ukuphatha. Sinenkosi cishe alinganayo evundla mpo isivinini (5 m / s). Isisindo lezi amadivaysi simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• 13.8 kg (D-5);
• 11.7 kg (D-10);
• 11.5 kg (D-6).

Ngesikhathi parachutes square (isibonelo, Russian "leaf" D-12, T-11, e-United States) kufanele Slots ezengeziwe ophahleni okuyothi ngalo parachutist elawula ukunyakaza ovundlile. Futhi ukuthuthukisa maneuverability. umkhiqizo isivinini ovundlile - kufika ku-5 m / s no izinga abadabuka - kuze kufinyelele 4 m / s.

D-6

Manje thola Imigqa eminingi kanjani kusukela parachute commando D-6, olwasungulwa "Research Institute parachute" (ebambe "Aviation izesekeli"). Isetshenziselwa ukulwa nokuqeqeshwa-zemfundo kuzuba zokuthutha izindiza. Kuqala kwakukholelwa esebenzisa amandla sisemoyeni wase-USSR.

Namuhla, i-D-6 kudivayisi Ushintshe yochungechunge wesine, kanye D-10 entsha amakilabhu flying esetshenziswa futhi sisemoyeni emoyeni amabutho. ukulungiswa yakhe uhlelo nge Dome siqukethe izitilobho, isimame isixhumanisi okusemqoka kanye tip. Emaphethelweni phansi lwaleli ngaphansi osabalalayo yokugcizelela opholile 16 threaded futhi Ithungelwe izindophi intambo hexanoic SHKP-200. Ubude ezizibeni yangaphandle, ibekwe isimo khulula e loop ngamunye kusukela phezulu kuya phansi onqenqemeni izihibe le isimame kuyinto 520 mm kanti isilinganiso - 500 mm.

Ezicashile D-6

Kumila Dome D-6 senziwa elinama inayiloni ubuciko. 560011P futhi ipuleti - kusukela Indwangu efanayo, kodwa likwazi art. 56006P. № phakathi izintambo 15a, 15B, 1A kanye 1B, ngesisekelo Dome has a usayizi igebe 1600 mm, okuhloswe ukuze ujike e-lwaleli aphansi. Phezulu izintambo 30 bhila kusuka intambo inayiloni SHKP-150. Ukuze ukhulule isakhiwo okwesikhashana № imiphetho 2 no-4 ngokusebenzisa isihlilingi 7 igibele futhi № 1 no-3 - 8.

umugqa obuphelele kule sikhundla mahhala buckles nengxenye amasongo emaphethelweni phansi Dome kuyinto 9000 mm. Basondela ukumaka uhla 200 mm ukusuka emaphethelweni engezansi ophahleni futhi mm 400 emasongweni uhhafu, buckles imikhawulo khulula. Bona lula kakhulu Dome kubekwa amakhebuli. Ngu № izintambo 15a, 15B, 1A kanye 1B ithungwe izindophi ukubambisana. I Dome ine indawo 83 sq. m.

Izitilobho zenziwa lokulawula inayiloni obomvu amahanisi ShKPkr. Badlula emasongweni ithungwe eya ohlangothini engaphakathi imikhawulo mahhala isakhiwo okwesikhashana.

D-10

Futhi manje bakutshele indlela Imigqa eminingi kusukela parachute commando D-10. Kuyaziwa ukuthi le kombhede parachute yasezulwini indawo D-6. Dome yayo ukuma squash, ngokubukeka amahle izici ngcono has square metres 100. m.

Iinsetjenziswa D-10 zakhiwe kokwehla Wabasaqalayo paratroopers. Ngalo ongenza ukulwa futhi ukuqeqeshwa kuzuba ukuthutha nakwezempi izindiza AN-26 AN-22 AN-12, IL-76 izindiza AN-2, Mi noMi-6-8. On bephonsa Isivinini ukuhlunga 140-400 km / h, komncane kunabo gxuma ukuphakama - 200 m nge kuqiniswa imizuzwana 3, esiphezulu - 4000 m indiza mass 140 kg umuntu, ukunciphisa kwenzeka ngesilinganiso 5 m / s. Ngesikhathi parachute D-10 emigqeni anobude obungalingani. He is ukukhanya has a lot of amathuba ukuphatha.

Isosha ngalinye uyazi Imigqa eminingi kanjani ngesikhathi main parachute commando D-10. Idivayisi 22 has intambo ubude 4 amamitha kanye ikhebula 4, exhunywe ne kokuhlanganisayo Dome izimbotshana, ubukhulu 7 m kusuka intambo inayiloni SHKP-150.

I-parachute 22 nayo ifakwe ngu ezengeziwe ezizibeni kwangaphandle amahanisi SHKP-ubude 150 m 3. Futhi, ine isandiso yangaphakathi 24 we amahanisi intambo SHKP-4 usayizi 120 m, fixed kuze kube semishayweni iyini imbangela yalokho. Ukuze intambo 2 kanye 14 axhunyiwe ngu pair of yangaphakathi isandiso imigqa.

D10P

Kunanzuzoni kokwehla parachute? D-10 futhi D10P - uhlelo emangalisayo. kudivayisi D10P yakhelwe ukuze ukuguqulelwa D-10, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngalo ungenza ngaphandle njengoba sinjalo kuvulwa enobudlova. Futhi ungakwazi ulinamathisela, ukubeka parachute emsebenzini nge adjustable - futhi indiza esibhakabhakeni ...

D10P Dome eyenziwe amagejambazo 24, izitilobho babe namandla muzwa 150 kg ngalinye. Isibalo sawo nsé inani izintambo kombhede yasezulwini D-10.

stepney

Futhi mingaki imigqa noKhomanda reserve parachute? Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuklanywa D-10 ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ezisele emoyeni izambulela ezifana 3-5, 3-4, 3-2. Ukudalulwa ukukhiya kabili Isigaxa ukuthathelwa umshuwalense parachute amayunithi PPK-U-165A-D AD-inkumbulo-D-165.

Cabanga parachute reserve kusho 3-5. It siqukethe le izingxenye ezilandelayo: Dome ne izitilobho, okwesikhashana uhlelo lwesikhashana, ubhaka, ukuvulwa indiza manual, parachute izikhwama futhi passport, izingxenye asizayo.

Reserve parachute enomthelela isivinini ukunciphisa ingozi (touchdown). Lokhu ebusweni eziveza senziwa amalungu amandla ebusweni ungqimba ifomu karkasirovannogo okuyinto ukuxhuma phezulu neka uhlelo Lesisemkhatsini.

I-parachute has a lwaleli endaweni oyisiyingi esingamakhilomitha sq 50. m, esakhiwa Imikhakha emine, eyenziwe emihlanu inayiloni indwangu. Lezi izingxenye oxhumene umphetho ithungwe enqabeni.

Izihibe enamathiselwe Dome 24 kusuka izitilobho inayiloni intambo SHKP-150. Ubude yabo esimweni khulula kusukwa phansi lwaleli lokho inxenye izindandatho uhlanganyela zesiteji uhlelo 6.3 m. Ukuze kube lula emakhiyubhi iqoqo isihlilingi 12 okwenziwe ngentambo ebomvu (noma emikhonweni yakhe ebomvu ithungwe Identification).

intambo ngamunye at ibanga 1.7 m kusukwa phansi lwaleli has a uphawu omnyama okubonisa kuphelele indawo ukustaka endaweni imigqa knapsack cell.

ukuxhumana kwezingxenye

Uma parachute main akusebenzi, ilungu lamasotsha aqeqeshelwe ukugxuma emabhanoyini kufanele ngokucijile ukudonsa wokudonsa indandatho isici ukuvulwa isandla ngesandla. Ngenxa yalokho, ekhukhwini idivayisi qeda ibekwe emhlabeni inesikhala pole, ukuvela kokuthi ukusakaza emoyeni ngikhishwa egumbini futhi knapsack ezizibeni parachute-umshushuluzo futhi isuswe therefrom womuntu.

Ngaphansi kwethonya Ukuhamba Dome kule divayisi kwembuleka ngokugcwele, ukuhlinzeka cababa evamile.