"Andromache", Racine: isifinyeto sezahluko

Elinye lama-playwrights adumile kakhulu eFrance ekhulwini le-17 nguJean Racine. "Andromache" ibhekwa njengomsebenzi omuhle womlobi omkhulu. Sizokukhuluma ngalolu daba esihlokweni sethu.

Mayelana nomsebenzi

Umthombo wale nhlekelele kwakuyindaba evela engxenyeni yesithathu ye-"Aeneid" (Virgil). Umlingiswa walo oyinhloko yinkondlo enkulukazi ka-Aeneas.

"Andromache" (Racine) yinhlekelele ezintweni ezinhlanu. Lo mdlalo wabhalwa evesini lase-Alexandrine, ethandwa kakhulu eFrance. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Racine wayesevele ethandwa ezweni lakubo, ngakho-ke akumangalisi ukuthi umdlalo owenziwe e Louvre. Lo mdlalo wawukhona noLouis XIV ngokwakhe.

Uhlanga, "Andromache": isifinyeto esifushane. Isenzo 1, izenzakalo 1, 2

Izenzakalo zomdlalo ziqala ngemuva kokuwa kweTroy. UHector ufile, kanti umfelokazi wakhe u-Andromache uyisiboshwa sikaPyrrhus, indodana ka-Achilles. Lalela Funda Kudivayisi kuphela Kwengeziwe Buka Kufakiwe Okuningi okuvela kumbhali Pyrrhus king of Epirus 0 Lalela Funda Kudivayisi kuphela Kwengeziwe Buka Kufakiwe 0 Lalela Funda Kudivayisi kuphela Kwengeziwe Buka

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uPrrrhus kwadingeka ashade noHermione, indodakazi kaMeneus. Kodwa uPrrrhus usephuza umshado futhi uqala ukunikeza izimpawu ze-Andromache zokubheka. Amakhosi aseGreki athumela umthunywa - Orestes, indodana ka-Agamemnon. Kumelwe akhombise uPeter ukuba abulale uAndromache futhi ashade noHermione. Orestes ngokwakhe uthandana noHermione futhi uthemba ukuthi uPyrrhus uzenqaba ukugcwalisa isithembiso sakhe.

U-Orest ucela uPeter ukuba abulale indodana kaHector, kungenjalo uzokhula futhi aphindiselele kumaGreki. Kodwa uPrrrhus ukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kubudlova obungenangqondo futhi ukuthi akufanele ucabange kuze kube manje. Futhi uhlambalaza amakhosi ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka.

Isenzo 1. I-Phenomena 3 ukuya ku-4: Ukuhlelwa kwesandla nenhliziyo

I-ancient Greek epic isisisekelo se-play "Andromache". Nokho, i-Racine ibonisa inhlekelele yabantu, ngaphandle kokungenelela konkulunkulu nakwamanye amandla aphezulu.

UPrrrhus unethemba lokuthi ama-Orestes ayokwenza uHermione abuyele kuyise. Khona-ke uzokhululeka ezibophezelweni zakhe futhi uyobe ekhululekile ukunakekela i-Anromache.

I-Andromache ingena. UPrrrhus wamtshela ukuthi amaGreki afuna ukubulawa kwendodana yakhe. Ulungele ukuvikela indodana yakhe futhi, uma kudingeka, ukujoyina impi, kodwa kuphela uma u-Anromache evuma ukushada naye. Kodwa u-Andromache uyala - akadingi lutho emva kokufa komyeni wakhe. Kepha uma indodana yakhe imiselwe ukufa, uyakufa naye.

Isenzo sesi-2: I-Pyrrhus noma i-Orestes

Naphezu kwakho konke, ufuna ukuhlala ethembekile kuHector Andromache. URasin (isifinyeto sezahluko sisebenza njengesiqiniseko) ngalokhu sihambisana nesiko lesiko.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uHermione othukuthele, ekhuluma nenceku, uyavuma lowo owayemzonda iPrrrha. Ufuna zonke izindleko ukubhubhisa inyunyana yePyrrhus ne-Ardromachy. Kodwa akakaqiniseki ukuthi kufanele yini anikeze uPirro ithemba noma akhethe ama-Orestes.

Iza ama-Orestes. Uvuma uHermione ngothando. Intombazane iphendula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ikhumbula ngaye futhi ibubula. U-Hermione ubuza u-Orest ukuthi afunde kuPilbert ngezinhloso zakhe - ufuna ukumshada noma ukumbuyisela kuyise.

Ama-Orestes aya ePyrrhus. Ubika ukuthi ushintshe isinqumo futhi ulungele ukubulala indodana kaHector, noHermione ukuba ashade. Utshela u-Orestes ukuthi azitshele u-Hermione ngalokhu. Eshiywa yedwa noPhoenix, umfundi wakhe, uthi akazange anqume okwamanje okufanele akwenze. Phela, wachitha umzamo omkhulu ekunqobeni iAndromache, futhi akakwazi ukuhamba kalula.

Isenzo sesi-3, izimo ezi-1 kuya ku-4: Injabulo ka-Hermione

Njengasezinhlakeni eziningi zamaGrisi, uthando olungenakuqhathaniswa luyingxenye eyinhloko yezingxabano ku-play "Andromache". U-Racine uchaza nokuthi u-Oreste ufuna ukuthatha u-Hermione kangakanani. Umngane wakhe uPilad uzama ukumvimbela futhi ameluleka ukuba abaleke u-Epirusi. Kodwa i-Orestes ayifuni ukuba yedwa isisulu, ufuna ukuhlupheka no-Hermione, elahlekelwe isihlalo sobukhosi noPyrrhus.

U-Hermione usevele ubona njengendlovukazi. Kuye kuza uAndromache futhi ucela ukuphoqa uPirra ukumvumela ukuba ahambe nendodana yakhe. U-Hermione uphendula ukuthi u-Andromache udinga ukuphendukela kuPierre ngokwakhe, ngeke anqabe.

Khona-ke uAndromache unquma ukulalela iseluleko futhi uya ePyrrhus. Ufuna ukumxolela yena nendodana yakhe emadolweni akhe. UPierre ubeka Andromache ngaphambi kokukhetha - ukufa indodana yakhe noma imvume yokuba umkakhe.

Phenomena 5 kuya ku-8: isinqumo sikaAndromache

Cishe ayiveli esakhiweni sasendulo sikaJean Rasin ("Andromache"), isifinyeto esifushane salokhu kuqinisekisile lokhu.

U-Andromache ufika umngane wakhe uSifiza futhi uthi akukho lutho oluphakeme kunomsebenzi womama, futhi kumele aphendule iPrrrhus ngemvume. Kodwa i-heroine iyanqikaza. Khona-ke unquma ukufuna iseluleko esitfombeni sikaHector.

Ngemva kokukhuluma nomyeni wakhe, i-heroine yenza isinqumo. U-Andromache uhlanganyela nohlelo lwakhe noSephisa. I-heroine inquma ukuvuma ukuba ngumkaPierr, kodwa kuphela kuze kube sekupheleni komkhosi womshado. Futhi ngokushesha nje lapho uPyrrhus efunga ngaphambi kompristi ukuthi uzoba nguyise weNdodana kaAndromache kusukela manje, uzozibulala ngenduku.

Ngakho i-Andromache ingahlala ithembekile kuHector futhi ivimbele ukufa kwendodana yakhe, njengoba uPrrrhus engakwazi ukuphula isifungo esinikezwa ethempelini. Indima kaSephiza ukukhumbula, emva kokufa kwakhe, uPyrrhus ngesithembiso sakhe futhi uthembisa ukuthanda nokufundisa ingane yakhe njengendabuko.

Isenzo 4. I-Phenomena 1 kuya ku-4: Impindiselo kaHermione

Kule ngxenye, kubonisa ukuthi isikweletu somyeni nendodana ye heroine sakhe singaphezu kwakho konke, uRaceine J. Andromache uthola indlela yokuphuma, kubonakala sengathi, kusukela esimweni esibucayi.

U-Hermione ufunda ukuthi uPilbert ushintshile ingqondo futhi uzoshada noAndromache. Ubiza ama-Orestes futhi ucele ukuba aphindiselele ukuhlazeka kwakhe ngokubulala iPrrr ngesikhathi somshado. Ngakho u-Orest angabonisa ukuthi uyamthanda ngempela u-Hermione.

Kodwa ama-Orestes angabaza. Ukubulala okubi kwenkosi, lapho engenakuzivikela, akukaze kwamukelwe eGrisi, futhi uyaqonda ukuthi lesi senzo sobugovu ngeke samukelwe. Kodwa i-Orestes ilungele ukuphikisa u-Pierre ngokukhululekile ukulwa nokulwa naye. Kodwa u-Hermione ufuna uPrrrhus afe ethempelini ngaphambi komshado, ngakho-ke abantu ngeke baqaphele ukuhlazeka kwakhe.

U-Hermione uthi uma u-Orest enqaba ukufeza isicelo sakhe, uzoya ethempelini ngokwakhe futhi abulale iPrrrha, bese ebulala. Kuye, ukufa kungcono kunokuphila nge-Orestes engesabi, engakwazi ukuphindisela. Ngemuva kwamazwi u-Orest uyavuma ukufeza isifiso sikaHermione. Uya ethempelini.

Isenzo sesi-4, izenzakalo ezivela ku-5 kuya ku-6: i-Pyrrhus no-Hermione

I-Pyrrhus ibonakala njengeqhawe, into eyinhloko imizwa, ngokuphambene naye abameli be-Andromache. I-Racine (okuqukethwe kwezahluko ngokufushane kufakazela lokhu) kuqhathanisa nemizwa yakhe kanye nomsebenzi wakhe. Futhi yilokho okugcina okungenani eliphakeme kakhulu. Kuzo zonke izinhlamvu, i-Andromache kuphela ekwazi ukwenza ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi wakhe, hhayi ngokuzizwa kahle.

UPetru uhlangana noHermione. Uqala ukuziphendulela phambi kwakhe. Uvuma ukuthi ufanelwe zonke izinsolo zakhe, kodwa akukho lutho olwenziwe mayelana nokukhathazeka kwakhe - "unesifiso-buthaka futhi othandweni." UPrrrhus uzimisele ukuba yindoda kumuntu omzondayo, ngokuphambene nanoma yiziphi izizathu zokucabanga.

Akukho okungazithobisa ukufutheka okuvukela enhliziyweni yePyrrhus. Iqhawe ngesikhathi esifanayo liyazi kahle ukuthi kufanele lenzeni, kodwa ayikwazi ukwenza okulungile. Hhayi ngenxa yokuthi akafuni, kodwa ngoba amandla othando lwakhe aphakeme kunanoma yimuphi umqondo wokusebenza.

U-Hermione akathinti neze amazwi kaPetru. Ummangalela ngokuthi akagcini amazwi akhe, futhi zonke izizathu zakhe zizithokozisa ngokungazikhohlisi kwakhe. U-Hermione uyakhumbula ukuthi uPierra wabulala inkosi yasePriam esekhulile kanye noPolksen, indodakazi yakhe-yiyo yonke into yakhe yobuqhawe.

UPrrrhus uphendula ukuthi wayevame ukucabanga ukuthi intombazane yayithandana naye. Kodwa manje kubonakala ngokucacile ukuthi kuye umshado wabo uwukugcwaliseka komsebenzi wabo kuphela. Ngakho-ke, uHermione kufanele athathe kangcono ukuthi uPirrr wenqatshelwe umshado naye.

Ngemuva kwala mazwi, u-Hermione uthukuthele: ungamangalela kanjani? Wahamba ngomkhumbi waya "kwezinye iziphetho zomhlaba", futhi empeleni amaqhawe amaningi ekhaya afuna isandla sakhe, wabe esalinda isikhathi eside waze uPyrrhus wamemezela isinqumo sakhe. Futhi manje uHermione usongela iPrrrhus ngokukhokha - uma kungengabantu, khona-ke onkulunkulu bazophindiselela ukuthi waphula isithembiso sakhe.

Isinyathelo 5: Ukusika

Idlalwa "I-Andromache" (i-Racine) ifika ekupheleni kwayo. Ngazo zonke izindlela, uHermione ufuna ukuphindiselela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani ofa, into esemqoka ivala ukoma kwakho ukuphindisela.

Ama-Orestes angene futhi abike ukuthi ubulale u-Pierre. U-Hermione, lapho efunda ngalokhu, uqala ukuqalekisa ama-Orestes. Uthi yena ngokwakhe ucele kuye. Ukuthi intombazana iyaphendula ukuthi yayiyinto nje yokuziqonda owesifazane othandweni. Futhi ukuthi akafuni ukufa komthandi wakhe. Futhi u-Oreste kufanele amnike isikhathi sokucabanga ngakho.

Ngesizungu, ama-Orestes acabanga ukuthi angakuvumela kanjani ukukholelwa owesifazane ongathokozi futhi akhohlwe ngezimpikiswano zokucabanga. Uqala ukuzibuka. Khona-ke kukhona uPylad, umngane wakhe. Ubika ukuthi isixuku esithukuthele sinxenxa igazi lakhe futhi sincenga ukubaleka u-Epirusi. U-Hermione wazibulala ngenxa yomzimba wasePrrrhus.

Ama-orest aqala ukuhlukumeza. Kubonakala sengathi esikhundleni sePilad phambi kwakhe yiPyrrhus. Khona-ke kukhona u-Erynias, onkulunkulukazi beempindiselo, abashushisa futhi bahlupha leli hero. Le nhlekelele iphetha ngokuthi ama-Orestes angaboni ukuthi u-Erini ubanike ilungelo lokumhlupha u-Hermione.

URasin, "Andromache": ukuhlaziywa

Umgomo oyinhloko wezingqinamba yile nhlekelele ukuphikisana kokufisa okungahambi kahle okuholela ekufeni, ngokuqala kokuziphatha nokuqonda. Futhi bonke abalingiswa abadlala kulo mdlalo bangahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. Izisulu zokuqala zothando: Hermione, Pyrrhus, Orestes. Bayazi kahle ukuthi benza okungalungile, kodwa abakwazi ukumelana nabo. Iqembu lesibili libhekisela kuphela ku-Andormach, okuyinto yokuziphatha ehlala ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye.

Kodwa-ke, impikiswano yobudala nemicabango, ejwayele kuDramaturgy yesiFulentshi, ihunyushwa kabusha nguRaceine. Ngokungafani nezidalwa zangaphambili, iziqhawe ze-playwright azigcini nje ngokuholwa ngukuzikhukhumeza, ziyaqonda ukuthi ziphethe amandla, futhi ziqhekekile phakathi kwalo nomqondo womsebenzi.

I-Pyrrhus, i-Orestes ne-Hermione ayishukunyiswa kuphela yizinkanuko, kodwa zisalokhu zihlukunyezwa futhi zihlushwa imibuzo mayelana nomsebenzi. Bayaqaphela ukuthi benze amaphutha futhi ukukhokha kubangele. Ngaphambi kocingo, awekho ama-playwrights awazange anike amandla amaqhawe ukukhuluma ngomsebenzi wakhe. Yingakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-innovator.

Isithombe se-protagonist

Isithombe se-Andromache ku-Racine yindlela yokuziphatha yokuziphatha. I-heroine ingaphezu kwothando, iqhutshwa kuphela ngomsebenzi. Noma kunjalo, ngaphezu kokuthanda kwakhe, uhileleke esivumelwaneni sezinye izinkanuko zomuntu, okuyinto okuzophela ngayo isiphetho sakhe kanye nesiphetho sendodana yakhe.

E-Iliad, u-Andromache wachazwa nguHomer njengomfazi oyisibonelo, ozinikele kumyeni wakhe futhi emthanda. Lokhu wahlala enhlekeleleni kaRaceine. Akukho okungenza amkhohlwe ngeHector. Ngisho nasesimweni esibucayi, uyaya emthunzini womyeni wakhe.