Amanzi endaweni ngezandla zabo ubumba nenhlabathi. Amanzi endaweni ngezandla zakho: indlela yokwenza

Amanzi endaweni ngezandla zabo ubumba nenhlabathi zingaba. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngenxa yokuthi ezindaweni ubuswa ubumba umhlabathi, amanzi ngokuvamile imisiwe, hhayi ukukwazi ukubaleka enhlabathini. Uma kucatshangwa ngesimo esinjalo, le izitshalo baqale kabi, kuholela yokuthi abazi zikhule kahle. Ukuze ukuxazulula le nkinga, kufanele nakanjani uhlele indawo amanzi. Kahle liqalise umsebenzi onjalo can, uma ufunde nge isethulo elandelayo izincomo.

Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinga predominance ubumba umhlabathi

Amanzi endaweni izandla zakho phezu ubumba nenhlabathi, njengoba umthetho, kudingeka ngenxa yokuthi lezi zindawo zihlukaniswa ngokweqile amanzi yokujama tsi. Kulokhu, izimpande plant njalo ngaphansi kwethonya umswakama, futhi emoyeni akusho ageleze ngokwezinga okudingeka senze ngalo. Lokhu ekugcineni kubangela i-oksijini ukubulawa indlala, izitshalo ayisakwazi ngendlela evamile futhi ekugcineni bafe. Ikakhulukazi, lesi simanga kuziwa utshani, abaphethwe hhayi kuphela umswakama ngokweqile, kodwa futhi ngenxa wapheka sasivumela obukhulu, ngoba engenzi athambise kusukela ngisho ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kungukuthi eshayisa. Lokhu kuphumela ukuthi ungqimba obukhulu isebangeni engaphezulu livimbela egcwele umoya ukugcwaliswa isitshalo.

Amanzi endaweni ngezandla zabo ubumba nenhlabathi kufanele ifakwe ngaphambi uke lawela otshanini noma zonke izinhlobo isiko. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa indawo kuyoba ngokushesha ngemva suit ekupheleni the nobusika, okuyinto kuhambisana nokulahlekelwa ikhava iqhwa.

Yikuphi Amapharamitha ingxenye kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukuklama

Ngaphambi uzobe ifakwe amanzi ohlelweni, njengoba umthetho, kubalwa walungisela okusalungiswa kohlelo esizayo. Nokho, uma une ukusebenza insimu, endaweni akuyona likhulu kakhulu, bese umklamo ukubala akudingekile. Njengoba kuyikho lokhu simo lesisisekelo izenzo Udinga ukufaka nemingcele esemqoka kohlelo sokukhipha amanzi ensimini. Phakathi kwabo, kumelwe ukhethe yonke idatha emayelana amanzi, okungukuthi: yokuma kwayo indawo, ukujula indawo, indawo plan, Isikhala phakathi imigqa, ukufakwa of manholes, kanye umlomo ingxenye. endaweni endaweni suburban akuyona kuzo zonke izimo, ngisho, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma kukhona ngisho eyehlelayo kancane ebusweni inhlabathi, khona-ke kufanele nakanjani kusetshenziswe.

indawo nesimo sendawo Isicelo

Amanzi endaweni ngezandla zabo ubumba nenhlabathi kubalulekile ukuhlomisa ukuthambekela kunikezwa ebusweni inhlabathi. Uma Ukuqhathanisa ingxenye enalokho kuthambekela futhi bushelelezi, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umsebenzi wokuqala Kuthi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ndaba, kuthiwa izikhathi eziningi ziyancipha zabasebenzi kuleli ukukhishwa isimiso sokukhuculula. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze umsebenzi ukuze namadreni endlini futhi ongaphandle ehlangana ngempumelelo.

Kulo mBhalo, ngokuhamba imisebenzi esetshenziswa emhosheni, ezithinta phezulu evulekile. uhlelo ezinjalo ubizwa nangokuthi indawo. Kuzoba eliphumelela kakhulu outflow ka inani eleqile yamanzi isizini efudumele, kwaba ngalesi sikhathi ukuthola imvula ephakeme, okubangela oqeda ezingeni komhlaba. Ngaphandle lolu hlobo amanzi Awukwazi ukwenza ebusika. Kwezinye latitude ebusika kuba impela njalo ncibilika inhlabathi eqandisiwe ukuthi ahambisana, okuyinto akakwazi ukuba zikwazi ukumunca amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kukhona isidingo Ukuhoxiswa uketshezi ebusweni inhlabathi. Emacaleni ngenhla, kubalulekile ukuhlomisa endaweni amanzi ngezandla zabo, indlela yokukwenza - kufanele nakanjani sibe nesithakazelo.

Incazelo ovulekile futhi avaliwe amanzi izinhlobo

Uma unquma ukufaka uhlelo evulekile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathayili ekhethekile, it has a eyehlelayo kancane, oyothatha ngempumelelo amanzi ngokweqile. Ngokusebenzisa uketshezi lolo hlelo kusuka ngaphezu kwendlu nezindawo egandayiwe uyongena avaliwe amanzi ohlelweni, okuyinto uba master. Subsurface amanzi izosebenza kanje: uketshezi oluvela ebusweni bomhlaba, uyokwenza i Izinsiza komhlaba, ezithinta ukuma nokubukeka zifane ipayipi. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kufanele acabangele izici ubumba umhlabathi, okuyinto has a isisindo abalulekile kanye high density. Lokhu kukhombisa isidingo ahluleke ukuliqaqa ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Phakathi ukufakwa namadreni uzodinga ukundlula ezindaweni zazo senzelwe izimoto.

Ukufakwa uhlobo avaliwe amanzi ohlelweni

Uma unquma ukuhlela endaweni amanzi ngezandla zabo, ungakwenza kanjani lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uyazi. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, qiniseka ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo amanzi eyanele izosetshenziswa kulesi simiso. Emsebenzini walo ongenza, isibonelo, umzimba wemvelo yamanzi, livame ukusetshenziswa esinye isixazululo, okubandakanya ukuhoxiswa amanzi emgodini eyayenziwe ngengqalasizinda edingekayo. Beka kumele kube eduze komgwaqo. Kodwa kungaba futhi kwenzeke ukuthi abekho, kanti inkinga ingaxazululwa ngezindlela eziningana, ngamunye wabo ezingase zithathwe ngokuzimela. Kunezindlela eziningana ongakhetha kuzona ngoba outflow Izindawo uketshezi. Ungakwazi ukwakha echibini bebodwa, okwenza kube echibini. Akufanele besaba lokho uyogcina ube ixhaphozi zifane encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wena ngokwakho kungaba bambe emseleni. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ezijulile futhi yamiswa ngale kwemingcele yakwa ezweni lakubo. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa inketho yokugcina, kumele i-wavumelana omakhelwane.

I samuntu ehlukile amanzi emifula

Uma uhlose ukwenza endaweni amanzi ngezandla zabo, indlela yokwenza uhlelo, kufanele nakanjani nazi, kungenjalo ngeke sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo imisebenzi yabo endaweni zalesi sihlahla ozokufa, kodwa umsebenzi ngeke ukwenze futhi. I okufana wesithathu inhlangano kwamanzi Kuhilela ukumba emithonjeni oversized. udonga yabo mpo kumele kwenziwe, futhi ngemva kokugcwalisa amanzi kumele akhishwa ngokusebenzisa futha. Yenza zokukhwabanisa enjalo kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze amayunithi imodi uzotshala ovunyelwe ukwenza othomathikhi.

Earthmoving

Ngaphambi wenze amanzi wesayithi engadini ngezandla zakhe, ukuze abe pre-umbe umsele. Bayobizwa isebangeni azungezwe endaweni suburban. Kulokhu imisele uyonika ukujula okunjalo futhi ububanzi lokho akudingeki ukuba exponents emikhulu elilingana 1.2 futhi 0.4 m. Ngemva imisele zilungiselelwe, kufanele libekwe amapayipi okuyinto zenzelwe lokuqoqa amanzi. Lezi okugqoma, by the way, une igama umsele main. Oku-ahlelwe amanzi eyanele ipayipi kufanele zifinyelele. Ukuze ugcwalise iziteshi esemqoka okungcono zisebenzisa i igemfe, ububanzi okuyinto ilingana 110 mm. I we Amapayipi amakhulu main ukujula, uma eziqhathanisa uhlelo ukubuthwa amagatsha kufanele kube ngaphezulu ambalwa. Kumele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho wokusebenza, lapho kulungiswa endaweni amanzi ngezandla zakho, iseluleko nesiqondiso udinga uqinisekise ukuthi ufunda ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Kuphela ngale ndlela uyokwazi ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Ukubeka of amapayipi

Leli phephandaba kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho, okuyinto ezibekwe ezibekiweko nezincwadi lobuchwepheshe. Bona alawule isidingo kokususwa amapayipi kocingo amanzi. Ngakho, iphimbo eliphakathi kodonga komsele futhi kufanele alingane noma enkulu kuno-0.5 m. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ipayipi kufanele kususwe kanye endaweni eyimpumputhe isakhiwo main, wahlukana ke phakathi nokufaka 1 m. Uketshezi ekuqaleni eqoqwe amanzi ube nemigodi ngemigodi, kuphela ke uyogeleza imbobo enkulu. Ensimini ngempela wonke emseleni inethiwekhi wawuyomiswa, ukujula nobubanzi kufanele kube ngokulandelana elilingana 1.2 kanye 0.35 m.

Kumele ngempela abe ezithile emthambekeni amanzi ngesakhiwo, uhlelo kanye idivayisi ngezandla zabo master kalula kukhiqizwa. Ngakho, inethiwekhi emseleni kufanele ifakwe ukudalwa emthambekeni okuyinto ilingana 5 cm imitha ngalinye. Iziteshi ngesikhathi esifanayo akudingeki abe obuphelele ezinkulu. Uma wenza isicelo salo mthetho, isimiso sokukhuculula isebenza kahle. Ngaphansi umxhwele akuyona emthambekeni Kunconywa kungenxa yokuthi izinga ukugeleza uketshezi ngeke okukhulu njengoba kudingekile, uyogcina yimbangela yokujama tsi endaweni ethile. Uma insimu ukuba ukusebenzisa ingxenye ubumba, abakhwabanisi kumele ibekwe ngaphandle nge ibanga okuyinto ilingana 10 m.

ukusebenza uhlelo isheke

Iinsetjenziswa amanzi ohlelweni zobumba inhlabathi emva imisele kuthiwa bagubha futhi amapayipi uzobe sibekwa kubo, ke aluhileli Ukuvalwa izakhi besikhashana. Okokuqala ivivinywe ukusebenza kanye amanzi kahle.

Trench inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kumelwe sivule isikhathi esithile. Ukuhlolwa njengoba okufana yimpumelelo kakhulu wenza ukuhwamuka. Uma kungenzeka okunjalo akukhona isikhathi eside, emseleni nje kudingeka agcine amanzi okunisela Schlag. Kumele ukubukela ngokushesha kanjani ukugeleza kwamanzi siyodlula ohlelweni. Ukuze ukusebenza ezifanele kubonisa ukungabi yokujama tsi kuzo zonke izindawo, indlela kuphela uzokwazi hlola endaweni amanzi ngezandla zakho, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemithetho kumele zaziwe esiyingcweti, futhi kuphela ke konke uzosebenza ngaphandle yokujama tsi. Uma kudingekile, kusenzima kulesigaba kuyodingeka ulungise imingcele ethile ezokwenza ukwandisa ukugeleza rate.

Ukuxazulula izinkinga zesimiso ukusebenza

Uma kwatholakala ukuthi lusebenza inefficiently lapho isheke uhlelo, ungafaka kuzenze zibathinte nakakhulu ipayipi ubukhulu, ngaphezu kwalokhu, ungakwazi ukwandisa ummango. Kwezinye izimo, wizadi kwenza uhlelo, okuyinto ifakwe inethiwekhi aminyene. Ungakwazi ukuvala uhlelo lapho isebenza kahle amanzi endaweni, ikakhulukazi njengoba sokukhipha inhlabathi - konke lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi.

Isigaba sokugcina

Vala isistimu ingakwazi geotextile olukwaziyo agelezayo. Kunalokho kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukujula lemifanekiso, okubonisa abaziphethe kahle lapho nkinga ubumba nenhlabathi. I ewusizo kunazo zonke ukuze akwazi ukufeza umsebenzi phezu plastic amanzi ipayipi nge ububanzi ka 63 mm, ogama surface ukuba lukathayela. amapayipi Connection zenziwa usebenzisa Tees.

Inani konke amanzi

Uma unquma ukwenza indawo amanzi ngezandla zabo ubumba nenhlabathi, intengo ukufakwa professional kumelwe nakanjani sibe nesithakazelo. Kungase kukusize ukunquma ukuze sifeze umsebenzi ngokwabo noma ukuphathisa ochwepheshe. Ngakho, uma unquma ukuxhumana ochwepheshe, izindleko imitha surface amanzi ngayinye izokubiza ruble 1300. Nakuba esilinganayo umsebenzi, kodwa ka amanzi ezijulile, izobiza ruble 2400.