Ama-cognac Kizlyar (i-Dagestan). Amazwana wabathengi mayelana ne-Kizlyar cognacs

Abaqambi be-alcohol elite bayazi futhi bathanda izinkinobho ze-Kizlyar. Iziphuzo ezidakayo zine-flavor yazo, iphunga elimnandi nelinambitha. Lesi sihloko sizokutshela ngomlando wokusungulwa kwe-Kizlyar Plant eyaziwa kakhulu, kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza zamanje kanye nemibono yabathengi.

Incazelo emfushane

I-Kizlyar cognac yaqala ukukhiqizwa esitshalweni enegama elifanayo. Incazelo emfushane yebhizinisi :

• Yasungulwa ngo-1885.
• Ukuqondiswa komsebenzi - ukukhiqizwa kwe-brandy yobuchwepheshe be-cognac (imodeli ye-classic).
• Isifunda - iTerek Valley.
• Ikheli liyiDagestan, i-Kizlyar.
• Indawo yezivini ziyi-11.5 hectare.
• Izinhlobo kanye nesilinganiso sobudala bemivini - "shasla", "Riesling", "black black", "rkatsiteli", iminyaka engu-8.
• Umqondisi - iGrikoryants VS
• Imiklomelo - "Umhlinzeki weMoscow Kremlin".

Umlando we-Kizlyar

Idolobha laseKizlyar, elidumile ngama-winemakers, lisendaweni yezwe elimnandi laseDagestan, emathafeni avundile angaphesheya kwezintaba eziphakeme. Nguye owanika iRashiya nezinye izidakamizwa ezidumile ze-Kizlyar, okuyinto abaningi abaphuza iziphuzo ezinamandla ezidumisa nokuthanda. Ikhasi ngalinye lomlando walomuzi ligcwele amafutha omuhle emoyeni wezintaba, ukupholisa kweTerek nelanga elimnandi laseCaucasus.

Umlando womuzi ubuya ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa. Ngaleso sikhathi ukuguqulwa kweKizlyar, ukuxhuma iCaucasus neMpumalanga, kwakubaluleke kakhulu. Izakhamuzi zendawo zakha izimvu futhi zenze ukuhweba ngokuphumelelayo nabathengisi abavakashele. Isimo sezulu esimnene, izwe elihle elivundile kanye nezivuno eziphakeme kwenza abantu baseKizlyar bahlakulele izithelo zezithelo nezivini. Ngenxa yezimo zezulu, amahlumela amancane emithi kanye nemivini yasheshe yakhula, futhi ngokushesha izakhamuzi zaseKizlyar zaqala ukuthola isivuno esihle zezithelo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise namagilebhisi. Kodwa kuyoba yisikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ama-cognac e-Kizlyar aziwa.

I-cognac yabonakala kanjani e-Kizlyar?

Isimo sama-winemakers okokuqala emlandweni sinqunywa nguPetru I ngesimiso ngenkululeko yokuphuza izidakamizwa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abantu bezohwebo baye bakhishwa eKizlyar kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. Abalimi bezithelo zamagilebhisi baseJalimane naseFrance baletha lapha izinhlobo ezingavamile zamagilebhisi futhi baqala ukutshala ngokubekezela kuleli zwe elivundile. Abakhi bewayini basekhaya basebenzisa izinhlobo zendabuko zamajikijolo ukuze bakhiqize imikhiqizo yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuvula ama-distilleries amasha angasese.

Eyaziwayo ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe obusha ekukhiqizeni i-winemaking akusiyo abafundisi base Kizlyar abangenalutho. Phela, baphawula ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele namanothi emagilebhisi asendaweni, esikhathini esizayo abasiza ekudaleni i-cognac emangalisayo ye-Kizlyar, ezobe ithandwa ngabaningi abathandwayo bokuphuza utshwala obuqinile. Wonke lawa ma- winemakers wezolwazi asetshenziswe ngokuphumelelayo ekhiqizweni komkhiqizo omusha - i-vodka ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Kizlyarka." Ngokusho kwesiFulentshi esivakashile, lokhu kuphuza emva kokuguga emiphongolweni ye-oak ukunambitha kakhulu i-cognac efana nayo. Kwakukhona ukunambitheka okuncane, umbala obala obala futhi ongenakuqonda okuyizimbali ezimnandi. Yilo vodka eliye laba esikhathini esizayo umbukiso wesiphuzo esinamandla sokuphuza ngokweqile njengoKizzyar cognac (isithombe kukhona isihloko). "Kizlyarka" isikhathi eside futhi iphumelela ngokuncintisana neVodka yesiFulentshi futhi yayinezimbangi zayo ezibukwayo.

Ukukhiqizwa kweCognac ngekhulu le-19

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Cognac eRussia kubonakala ngesisekelo sewayini ne-vodka ukubhema e-Kizlyar futhi kudlulisa indlela emele yokuthuthukiswa. Ama-Winemakers awakwazi ukukhiqiza "i-Kizlyarka", kwaziwa isikhathi eside ukuthi i-Kizlyar cognac (Dagestan) yayilungiswe ukuguga okuqhubekayo kwamagilebhisi okutholakala emishinini yomlilo. Ngo-1884, umthetho wakhishwa ekukhiqizeni izithelo newayini nokukhiqizwa kwe-vodka. Ngibonga ukuthi izitshalo zomlilo zavuselelwa, futhi lokhu nakho kwakuzuzisa abakhiqizi baseRussia abakhiqiza utshwala.

I-Stary "Inkanyezi"

Kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwama-cognac for quality. Ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo noma amaqembu alolu hlobo lwesiphuzo:

• Okuvamile. Le cognac yenziwa ngamagilebhisi adlule, kusukela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu.
• I-Cognac *** (izinkanyezi ezingu-3) ilungiselelwe kusuka e-alcohols ngokuvezwa kweminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-3. Unamandla angu-40%.
• I-Cognac **** (izinkanyezi ezingu-4) ineminyaka yobudala be-cognac imimoya engaphansi kweminyaka emine. Inqaba yalesi siphuzo ngu-41%.
• I-Cognac ***** (inkanyezi engu-5). Ekukhiqizeni kwalokhu utshwala kuhilelekile imimoya ye-cognac eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Inqaba yesiphuzo - 42%. Ngokusho kwesilinganiso, izinkanyezi eziningi kangaka zibeka uphawu oluhle kakhulu lwezinhlobo ze-cognac.

Ukumaka okulandelayo kwesiphuzo - brandy brandy (Kizlyar noma yimuphi omunye - uhlala unikezwa igama elithile). Futhi, ihlukaniswe ngokuthi:

• I-KV - cognac ubudala, isilinganiso seminyaka yiminyaka engu-6-7, amandla angama-42%.
• I-KVVK - i-cognac yekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukuvezwa yiminyaka eyishumi, inqaba - 43-45%.
• Iqembu lama-cognacs KS ne-OC - cognac endala futhi elidala kakhulu - elenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo nokuguga okungaphezu kweyishumi, okuqukethwe okudakayo - 40-57%.

Kukhona nezinhlobo zeqoqo ze-Kizlyar utshwala. Le cognac ebizwa ngokuthi i-cognac, esekudala emibhaleni ye-oak ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu ngaphezu kwalokho.

Ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo we-cognac emakhulwini e-19-20

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, uDavid Saradzhishvili owayengumsebenzi wezentengiselwano waseGeorgia wayenomuthi we-Kizlyar. Kuze kube ngu-1917, ngaphansi kwegama lakhe, kwakhiwa uketshezi oludakayo. Lezi zinhloli ze-Kizlyar azitholanga kuphela eRussia, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe, amadiploma angaphezu kweyishumi ahlukene namazindondo.

Ukuzisola kwami okukhulu, phakathi nonyaka kusukela ngo-1917 kuya ku-1947 ngonyaka, cishe akukho lutho olwaziwa ngomsebenzi we-factory cognac e-Kizlyar. Kodwa ngonyaka we-1947 ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo emisha yotshwala kwaqala, futhi maduzane nje i-cognac yezinkanyezi ezinhlanu "Kizlyar" yavela emashalofini. Ngo-1951 kwakhiwa isiphuzo sezinkanyezi ezine, ngo-1952 - isiphuzo sezinkanyezi ezintathu. Ukukhiqiza lokhu utshwala obuqinile, imishini esetshenziswa nguDavid Sarajishvili yasetshenziswa.

Ngo-1955, i-cognac Kizlyar KV yaqhamuka - lena yiphuzo lokuvuna lokuqala lokukhuthazela okungenani iminyaka eyisithupha. Ngosuku losuku oluphawulekayo - ukuhanjiswa kwe-Kizlyar kuya kwi-Dagestan nokugubha iminyaka engu-40 yemandla aseSoviet - i-cognac yeqembu le-KVVK "iJubilee Dagestan" ikhishwe. Lezi ziphuzo ezidakayo zisekelwe emakethe, zinezifiso zazo futhi zibajabulise ngokunambitheka kwazo okungazilibaleki.

Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokukhiqiza kwe-cognac

I-Cognac eyakhiqizwa esitshalweni saseKizlyar i-prosaic kakhulu. Okokuqala, impahla eluhlaza ihlinzekwa kwi-workshops evulekile ye-iwayini emathangi okukhonkolo aqinisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liwela emnyangweni we-hardware, lapho kutholakala khona izidakamizwa ezimbili. Lesi senzo senziwa ngosizo lwemishini ekhethekile - ama-distillation aqhubekayo amayunithi. Umkhiqizo wokuqala we-distillation wokuqala yi-alcohol eluhlaza. Isigaba esilandelayo yisiphuzo esiphuthumayo sesibili, lapho kusetshenziswa khona utshwala luhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu:

• Ikhanda;
• Isilinganiso;
• Umsila.

Isigaba esilandelayo sokukhiqiza, lapho i-Kizlyar brandies efundiswa khona esikhathini esizayo, ngumnyango osekhulile. Ithola amandla okuphuza kusuka ku-60 kuya ku-70 degrees. Ivela engxenyeni ephakathi i-cognac ekhiqizwayo. Ikhulile ekukhiqizeni, kokubili emiphongolweni ye-oki naseziqukathi ezigciniwe eziphepheni ze-oak. Ngendlela, lesi siphequluli sisebenza kuphela ngeziphuzo ezivamile, eziyi-3-, 4-, 5-star cognac.

Inqubo yokuguga utshwala yenziwa ngokushisa okuthile ngaphakathi kuka -15 ... + 27 degrees. Okunye futhi, kudingeka ukuba umswakama othile we-air kanye ne-air exchange index. Ngesikhathi sokuguga, imigoqo isetshenziswa izikhathi eziningana.

Ngemva kokuba i-cognac yesikhathi esizayo idlula inqubo yokuguga, ingena esitolo sokuxhuma. Lapha, utshwala be-cognac luhlanganiswa namanzi ahlanzekile, umbala nesiraphu. Ukulungele ngale ndlela ukuxuba kudlula isikhathi esithile (kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-3 kuya ngonyaka). Kuphela emva kwalokhu lohlobo lwe-brandy olugqibethe ibhodlela futhi lingena kwinethiwekhi yokuthengisa.

I-Cognac "Izinkanyezi ezintathu" (kizlyar)

Le cognac ivame kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi beziphuzo ezinamandla. Ukubunjwa kwalo kwakhiwa emuva ngo-1952. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza buqala ukusebenzisa imimoya ye-cognac ngokuvezwa kweminyaka emithathu. Lesi siphuzo esimangalisayo sinomkhumbi wegolide. Ukunambitheka kuvumelana, okukhona lapho kunezicabha ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo.

I-Cognac "Izinkanyezi ezinhlanu" (i-Kizlyar)

Ngo-1947, iresiphi yale brandy yaseKizlyar yasungulwa. Ngokwenza utshwala, imimoya ye-cognac isetshenziswa iminyaka emihlanu. Isici esihlukile sokukhiqizwa kwalesi siphuzo ukuthi imvubelo ifakwe ezintweni zokuphuza izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokuphuza izidakamizwa, emva kokuba kuhlanganiswe amafutha e-cognac - ngakho kuthiwa yizochwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukunambitheka kwesiphuzo kuba lula kakhulu. I-Kizlyar cognac "izinkanyezi ezingu-5" inezinyosi ezimnyama zegolide, ukunambitheka okuthakazelisayo okumnandi, lapho i-vanilla-flower flower izwa khona ngokucacile. Emibonisweni ehlukahlukene kanye nemincintiswano lesi siphuzo sanikezwa imiklomelo eminingi kaningi.

I-Cognac "Dagestan"

Leli gama eliphawulekayo le-Kizlyar lasungulwa ngo-1968 ngomnyaka wamashumi amahlanu we-Republic of Dagestan. Yadalwa kusukela emimoya engcono kakhulu ye-cognac etholakala yi-distillation yendabuko kabili. Isikhathi sokukhuthazela kwabo sekuyiminyaka engu-13. Umbala walo ubumnyama. Isiphuzo sesiphuzo sinzima kakhulu, silawulwa yi-vanilla amathoni nge shades of chocolate. Emincintiswaneni yomhlaba wonke le cognac yanikezwa igolide eliyisishiyagalolunye, iziliva eziyisishiyagalombili zesiliva nemindeni emithathu yethusi.

I-Cognac "Kizlyar"

Iresiphi yalesi siphuzo yadalwa ngo-1959. Yenziwe imimoya ye-cognac ngokukhuthazela okungenani iminyaka eyishumi. Le cognac ye-Kizlyar (isithombe ngenhla kulesi sihloko) ibhekisela eqenjini le-COP. Inombala omnyama obumnyama . Isimbali sihle kakhulu futhi siyavumelana. Futhi, isiphuzo sinemiklomelo eminingi nemindeni, njengezinhlobo zangaphambili.

"I-Kizlyar imikhosi"

Le cognac yasungulwa iminyaka engu-110 ye-Kizlyar Plant. Isiphuzo sakhiwe ngo-1994. Imimoya ye-Cognac ye "Kizlyar imikhosi" idalulwa okungenani iminyaka engu-17. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi enhle ye-Kizlyar. Ukubuyekeza Abathengi bafakaza ukuthi isiphuzo esihle sombala omnyama sinambitha ohambisanayo futhi onomusa ngamazwi ka-vanilla nama-resins. Okuqukethwe utshwala ngu-41%.

Ukubuyekeza kwamakhasimende

Bangaki abantu, imibono eminingi kangaka. Ukubuyekeza mayelana nokunambitheka kwe-cognac yase-Kizlyar kuyahlukahluka: kukhona okungalungile, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Isibonelo, abalandeli beziphuzo ezidakayo eCrimea bavame ukudumisa ama-Kizlyar cognacs. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lezi zinhlobo zinephunga elimnandi nelinambitheka engavamile. Abaningi bakhetha i-cognac "Izinkanyezi ezinhlanu". Abathandi balezi zinhlobo babhala iphunga elimnandi, lapho kunamanothi athile okwenziwa khona. Ngokombono wabo, ukunambitheka kwe-cognac kuyanciphisa, kepha kukhona iphunga elimnandi kulo. Ekubuyekezeni kwabo, abachwepheshe be-Kizlyar baphuza ukuthi i-cognac ingadliwa ngendlela ehlanzekile. Ukunambitheka kotshwala kuyanciphisa, ngakho akudingekile ukuyiphuza noma ukuyihlanza. Naphezu kwalokhu, abantu abaningi bangezela i-Kizlyar brandy ukuze iqoqe. Okunye kwalokhu kumkhiqizo kuyindleko ephansi. Abathengi bavame ukushiya impendulo enhle, bebheka inani eliphansi leziphuzo zikaKizlyar. Ngokombono wabaningi, lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwemikhiqizo ye-cognac ye-Dagestan.

Kodwa-ke, kuyakholelwa kabanzi ukuthi zonke izinhlanzi zewayini le-Kizlyar neVodka Plant zikhohliswa. Ngakho-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu osemngeni wokuthola lo mkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, imibono emibi ishiywe yilabo abathengi abagqamile ngokweqile utshwala futhi bathola ikhanda ekuseni. Kodwa izibalo eziningi zokuphuza iziphuzo ezinokuthi i-Kizlyar cognac kulula kakhulu ukuphuza futhi ayibangeli imizwa emibi.