Adoptions eRussia. amaphepha adingekayo ukwemukelwa ingane eRussia

Ngokusho umbono othandwayo, ukuba ingane engazalwa eRussia cishe engenakwenzeka, noma - okungenani - i enzima kakhulu. Abokuqala Abazama iqoqo ethusayo amadokhumenti, ukuxhumana guardianship sengqondo kusolakala ephikisana izingane kamfundisi abasebenzi izikhungo zombuso. Nokho, uma umndeni kanye qha kwenela isinqumo, ukwamukelwa eRussia siza ngesikhathi algorithm sasivumela olususwe. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuzodinga amandla, kanye nesikhathi, futhi mhlawumbe kuvinjwe ezinye izithiyo, kodwa akuyona into engenakwenzeka ngakho abaningi ngasizathu simbe kubonakala.

isimo somshado somzali oyithathe wayenza eyakhe

Ezinye inkinga okwethusayo kakhulu imikhaya noma abantu abangashadile kuba mbuzo isimo sabo, futhi kwabaningi iba ukutholakala ukuthi unelungelo ukuba bamukele ingane ambalwa, isimo ophilayo, kodwa lo mbhangqwana abahlala umshado civil, ngisho indoda enesizungu. Ayikho imikhawulo zomthetho abantu nale isimo kungukuthi.

Kulokhu, uma umshado ibhalisiwe, noma abazali abakuthola kukhona kokubili abazali (ngokulandelana, bobabili badinga ukuqoqa imibhalo), noma kudinga imvume abayeni zokutholwa. Uma abangane bomshado uhlala mshado wasehhovisi, ingane yokutholwa ungomunye wabo, futhi kwemvume iyisithandwa ezisetshenziswa umphakathi kungadingeki, ke uyokwazi ingane engazalwa ngemuva kokuthi uyokwenza oshade naye kuqala, inqubo lokhu kuzoba zihluke kakhulu, njengoba ingane uzoba kakhulu ke nje esinye isimo (ke kuyodingeka isingaba namalungelo afanayo "bomdabu", futhi isicelo kahle elula kanye nokuvuselela idokhumenti, hhayi enkantolo).

Ukuvakashela we sivikelwe

Kuleso simo, uma unquma ukuthatha ingane yakho emkhayeni wakini noma ingane esikhulile, okokuqala udinga ukufaka isicelo sivikelwe futhi uthole ukuthi yini lilandisa udinga ukuqoqa ukutholwa. Isisebenzi ukukuhlangabeza ukuba simazi ngedokhumenti nihlola ubuwena, cela ngomkhaya wakhe, mayelana nezizathu sobuntwana izimo lapho wena uhlala khona, yempilo yakho, ubungcweti; bese ubuza ingane ukuthi ubulili nobudala ungathanda ukubona umndeni wakhe.

Esiwujuqu umhlangano ngeke akwazi ukudalulwa igama, kuphela amaziyo kwangaphambilini ezikanye nawe zazo sivikelwe. Ayikho izinqumo subjective kungekho isisebenzi ayinakho ilungelo lokwenza. Kodwa - njalo futhi yonke indawo - umbono ozenzayo umsebenzi kungaba neqhaza neqondayo esikhathini esizayo, njengoba siphila abantu emhlabeni, futhi kanjani ngokomthetho wonke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, usizo womuntu kanye nesikhathi uMkhandlu kungekho mina kukhanselwe.

Uzokwaziswa bhalisiwe njengomuntu ababefuna ukuba umfundi abazali abakuthola. Emhlanganweni efanayo, uzothola uhlu kwemibhalo ukuthi udinga ukuqoqa, uzokutshela mayelana nesinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthi kudingeka kwenziwe.

iqoqo kwemibhalo

Federal nemithetho yesifunda njalo elicwengisiswe futhi washintsha, kanye nokuthambekela kwezinhliziyo izinguquko zabo kububonisa lula izinqubo zokutholwa. Adoptions eRussia kuhilela isethulo madokumende alandelayo:

• isitifiketi kwesimiso impilo yakho, eyakhiwa ifomu ekhethekile;
• isitifiketi esibeka ukuthi ahlulelwe ephepheni esindayo;
• isitatimende engenayo (uqaphele ukuthi ubuncane engenayo emndenini akuyona ibalwa kusukela isibalo sabantu ukuthi kuhlanganisa ngaphambi lomndeni wengane, futhi kucatshangelwa ingane);
• idokhumenti eqinisekisa ubunikazi izindlu, noma kwemvume umninindlu ukuba afihle lokho ayikho ingane noma ngenye indlela. Hlobo luni imibhalo kudingeka ukukhiqiza, kuye amalungelo akho izindlu, futhi kule ndaba kufanele uthintane ukunakekelwa isisebenzi;
• izici umsebenzi, okuyinto kungase kuthathe indawo incazelo nendawo yokuhlala noma Ngempendulo yesicelo emnyangweni amaphoyisa;
• isicelo ukutholwa;
• a kafushane i-curriculum vitae,
• a nihlola idokhumenti zidlulile izifundo zokuqeqesha abazali bokutholwa.

Eqinisweni, sibheke kulolu hlu ngaphambi kuhambele sivikelwe kuphela "theory" iphuzu - ukuqonda ukuthi yini kungadingeka ngokomthetho. Nokho, ukuqoqa imibhalo ukutholwa kunengqondo kuphela ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi uzokunika hhayi kuphela Uhlu lwamanje imibhalo, kodwa futhi amafomu ukugcwalisa. Iqiniso liwukuthi noma yimuphi isitifiketi kungenziwa ikhishwe hhayi ifomu, nokuqashwa unelungelo ukungamukeli lasho amazwi anjalo - hhayi ngokungenasizathu yabo futhi esekelwe yokuthi lezi zincwadi zibizwa ke kuyadingeka inkantolo, ogama isinqumo incike futhi ku imibhalo efanele . Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka nge amarekhodi zezokwelapha noma isitatimende engenayo.

Izifundo zokuqeqesha abazalwa

Okwamanje, ukwamukelwa eRussia awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela evakashele ekhethekile izifundo zokuqeqesha abazali bokutholwa. Enye yezinjongo eziyinhloko lezi zifundo - izingane ukubuyela nokuvinjelwa imikhaya kwezingane ezitholiwe amakhaya zezingane. Okusanda le nkinga, ngeshwa, kuwufanele ngempela kabi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izivivinyo State ukulawula, ukuze izingane musa ukuwela ezandleni ka lokhonako awakulindele imindeni kanye nemindeni, ukuphishekela ezinye imigomo yobugovu. Isikhathi esining impela abantwana phinda abantu emakhaya ezintandane ezethemba, futhi uma umndeni limane ukukhungatheka, ingane ukuhlukumezeka ngokujulile, futhi wayencisha kuye ithuba lokuba nomkhaya: ke Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngazo zonke ukwehluleka ingane sazikhohlwa uzimisele futhi uyakwazi "sizakhele" emkhayeni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izazi elungiselela abazali abazoba wokutholwa ukuba kungenzeka lemiraro yomthetho (ngokuyinhloko waxoxa inqubo wokutholwa), umthengi, wezokwelapha, futhi - ukunakekela okukhethekile - kwengqondo. odokotela bengqondo Amakilasi ku izifundo ezinjalo baqeqeshiwe, uyamenywa ukuba izinkulumo abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe yezokwelapha, abameli nekubeka abazali abakuthola. Yiqiniso, njengoba kuzo zonke izinto, ikhwalithi kanye incazelo yalezi izifundo ngokuyinhloko udlala indima isici womuntu, kodwa abazali ukuthi ngokuvamile ngempela okuningi ngesikhathi kulezi zifundo, nosizo ngokwengqondo kanye nezeluleko bakwazi ukusebenzisa lezi izifundo nangemuva ukwamukelwa .

Cinga lezi zifundo bebodwa akudingeki. Umsebenzi sivikelwe ngeke bayaqondisa kulezi izifundo kanye izixhumanisi isikhungo, ngokuvamile usebenza kwelinye ezintandane. Isikhathi la izifundo ingahluka, kuye ngokuthi imvamisa yemihlangano kanye ukuphelela iqembu ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kwakho. Ngokuyinhloko kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha. In parallel evakashele izifundo kungenziwa imibhalo ukutholwa eziqoqiwe. On lezi zifundo, ungakwazi ukuxoxa kabanzi izimo wokutholwa bese ucela zonke izikhalo zakho.

Ngemva kokuvakashela Yiqiniso wedlula izitifiketi sokugcina wezengqondo ukubhala umbono ukuzimisela kwakho abe umzali wengane ngiwunike ukuvikelwa komphakathi, futhi izingalo uzonikezwa izitifiketi zokuba khona.

Ngemva ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo

Nge imibhalo eqoqwe kudingeka phindela sivikelwe. Ngemva kokubuyekeza ukuphelela amadokhumenti, ilungu labasebenzi uzoqoka usuku nokuhambela kwakhe nomndeni wakho - ukuze uhlole izimo zokuphila futhi kungenzeka ikamelo mibandela ingane. Lo mhlangano kumele kwenzeke kungakapheli ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ngesikhathi esilungele wena. Ngolunye usuku umsebenzi kungafika kuphela isicelo sakho. Nokho, cishe, uzocelwa ukuba ugweme lokhu, njengoba eminyakeni yamuva abasebenzi zokuvikeleka komphakathi kulo mqondo, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kolawulo, futhi nangobudlova babo futhi uyephuza isikhathi kwalo mhlangano ezindaweni iningi.

Uhambo lwakhe - kuphela ubufakazi esisemthethweni ukuthi ukwamukelwa ezingaba ingane endlini kungenzeka. Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile nezezindlu ayiboniswa, kufanele kube nje indlu iphephile, efanelekayo izindlu. Ingane ingase eyamukelwa indlu yangasese kungekho Izinsiza, kanye efulethini nge nempahla zinesizotha futhi emndenini ezifuywayo. Noma yokuntuleka indle, akukho lodonga ubudala, akukho nja akukwazi isizathu esisemthethweni zokwenqaba. Nokho, ukwamukelwa eRussia kungenzeka kuphela uma ikhaya lakho ephephile, kuhlangatshezwene nakho amazinga ezempilo, cha, ake sithi, izihlobo nolaka odakiwe, futhi kukhona inala indawo ukukhula ekukhuleni kahle kwengane.

Isimo candidates for abazali abakuthola

Uma yonke imibhalo ndawonye nomndeni wakho ukuvakashela Social Security Officer, uzobe bhalisiwe ngokuthi "ukhetho abazali abakuthola." Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzoba nelungelo ukuvakashela databank izintandane. Abafakizicelo banikezwa isitifiketi ekhethekile, onikeza ingane ilungelo ukusesha zonke izindawo eRussia.

Ngemva kwalokho, njengoba umthetho, abazali khona database kwesifunda futhi Ukuyibhalisa ngokugcwalisa lemibuzo nezifiso zabo mayelana nekusasa ingane. amakholomu Egcwele yengane sokusebenzisana ngokobulili, lobudala, ukubukeka kwangaphandle, kodwa kanye nezinye izidingo. Khona-ke izisebenzi bajwayelene imibuzo abazali labangakhoni ngalesi sikhathi kuba database idatha esifundeni.

Kwabaningi kubonakala sengathi igunya Russia sika ukwamukelwa angaphandle nokuthi bathole ulwazi mayelana impilo yengane cishe akunakwenzeka ngaphandle asizakale zezimali phezu abasebenzi databank. Nokho, akunjalo. Amakhulu imikhaya Russian zamukele izingane enempilo enhle yalelo ubudala, zazo ngiphuphe.

Izimfuneko umntwana ongakazalwa

Mhlawumbe beyofuna ingane kuzothatha isikhathi esithile, kodwa konke kuncike kulokho lomndeni. Yiqiniso, uma uhlu lwezimfanelo mkhulu futhi umndeni kuyadingeka ukuthi umntwana akuyena kuphela ebudaleni obuthile kuphela, kodwa futhi ukubukeka ezithile, kanye nasezingeni eliphezulu of ukuthuthukiswa, azange abe ukuhlolwa ngokwelashwa futhi "acwiliswe Enhliziyweni 'lapho uqala nje ukubona, kufanele ulinde isikhathi eside, kuka uma umndeni nje ufuna ukuthatha ingane ngaphandle izifo ezinzima, ubudala, uthi, komunye iminyaka emine.

Yiqiniso, uma senigcwalise izifiso a izidingo enemininingwane kakhulu futhi ebekiwe esiphezulu, uyoba okungenani ukwethula amaphrofayli yezingane, noHezekeli. Ngakho-ke, abazali abaningi abazoba abonisa kuphela ubudala eseduze, futhi "ubulili" ikholomu ugcizelele igama elithi "efiselekayo" ukuze bakwazi ukubona amaphrofayli ezinye ubulili nezingane, njengoba bathembela kakhulu isiphetho kuka nombono wabo siqu kanye eyeqisayo. abasebenzi ukunakekelwa futhi ibhange idatha ukutshela eziningi izindaba mayelana nendlela, isibonelo, i-pair of iphupho engu-omunye umfana ezimhlophe, futhi ngenxa yalokho iye asebenzisa oneminyaka emihlanu kuya eziyisikhombisa intombazane emnyama okotshani.

Direction esikhungweni

Abasebenzi, emelela yena lowo okuthiwa "ebhange wokutholwa," unelungelo ukukhombisa esingenamkhawulo ukuthi izingane amaphrofayli elihambisana nezidingo abazobhapathizwa. Nokho, abazali kungathatha isiqondiso kuphela bajwayelane nengane eyodwa. Khona-ke, uma kudingekile, ukhetho kungase bajwayelane esingenamkhawulo ukuthi izingane, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye database bayobizwa imvume ukuhlola nengane eyodwa kuphela inikezwe.

Ngemva baqala ukwazi ingane ngesikhathi abazali ezingaba nethuba bamvakashele izinsuku eziyishumi bese wenza isinqumo mayelana nokwenzeka wokutholwa. Kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukhetho batawubhala ayenqaba esisemthethweni lapho kwemukelwa, bazokwazi ukuthola izikhombisi-ndlela umuntu amaziyo nomunye umntwana.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi abazali ezingaba ubhale kuchithwa esinjalo abangalazi ingane, ngoba ngisho ngaphambi komhlangano wabo nabo okwaxoxwa abasebenzi ukunakekelwa kwengane. Ngokwesibonelo, uma beza ekhaya lezintandane, ukwamukelwa kungaba engamele abakhulu udokotela, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kanye usonhlalakahle. Abafakizicelo anikezwa ulwazi egcwele mayelana ingane: ekubonisa ikhadi yezokwelapha, enikeza imininingwane on ukuthuthukiswa yayo ngabazali bayo begazi, ngokuziphatha kwakhe. Ukuze ugweme izimo kuhlasimulise ukhetho angacelwa ukuthi ukuxoxa neqembu umfundisi nathishela ngesisekelo umbono ukulahla umhlangano futhi ukwamukelwa.

Ukujwayeleka nengane

Ukujwayeleka nengane - kukhona okwamanje ebucayi kakhulu futhi kubalulekile abazali, futhi izingane ezivela kulelo khaya lezintandane. Ngisho izingane omncane ngandlela-thile baqonde ukuthi zabo "akhethwa", futhi ngokuvamile banovalo, namahloni, uhlangabezana, lazama ukujabulisa.

Ngalesi sikhathi, yebo, akunakwenzeka ukulungiselela nasengqondweni. Iningi labantu abadala ukuzwa ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka okudalwa ukungazi. Ukucabanga okubuhlungu kakhulu - ingabe umbono wokuthi kumele uhlangabezane "bubi" ingane ababeyoba ukuwenqaba. Ngakho-ke, ngisho ngaphambi komhlangano ukuze uthole ukwazi abasebenzi esikhungweni ngisho noma imininingwane umhlangano kwemibandela, kanjani ungacabanga kangcono usuku nekugwema abaningi "akwaziwa" ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukujwayeleka nengane okungenzeka kakhulu ukuba kwenzeke egumbini umdlalo, lapho kukhona okuningi amathoyizi, ifenisha ukhululekile. Kwezinye izikhungo ukuvumela ingane ukuba sisale sodwa, kwezinye umhlangano ngaphansi kokuqondisa esiqinile nguthishela. Kwezinye izimo, ingane ukuhamba, abanye bakwazi ukuxhumana kuphela egumbini. Wona uthando ezingezona ezemvelo ngokoqobo zibangele amahloni abadala umfundi isikhungo. Nokho, njengoba umthetho, imizwelo bashukwa kanjalo zombili izinhlangothi ukuthi ngemva kwesikhashana ayisekho banake yobunzima umhlangano senzeka ngokwemvelo.

Umhlangano wokuqala ngokuvamile isikhathi esifushane impela. Abantu abadala kanye izingane uthole amazwibela lokuqala nomunye. Omunye imikhaya kwanele ukwenza isinqumo, eminye idinga neminye imihlangano. Ngokuvamile, le amadala ingane, aba maningi kudingeka bahlangane naye.

Ngemva isinqumo

Uma konke kuhamba kahle, futhi abazali baqonde ukuthi bathola umntwana yabo, yokwehlisa naye kuqala guardianship noma ngokushesha balungise amaphepha ngoba inkantolo ukuze isamukele. Inkantolo ngokuvamile uthatha isinqumo esihle, njengoba abasebenzi anakekele ukuqapha efanele wamaphepha kanye nokuhambisana ukwamukelwa oda. Ngezinye izikhathi inkantolo yenza isinqumo sokuhlehlisa ukulalelwa kwecala lapho ngenxa ukucutshungulwa engakafaneli dokhumenti.

ukutholwa

Ngemva ukwamukelwa ekhaya angase akusibekele umqondo wokuthi umntwana esekhulile ungafunda mayelana ngemvelaphi yabo. Manje abazali abaningi zangaphambi wokutholwa banqume ukuthi ngeke sigcine ingane kusukela emlandweni Imfihlo ivela khona emkhayeni, futhi kancane kancane ukulungiselela yona indaba ivelaphi. Iningi lazo zisekelwe eqinisweni ukuthi ingane usengakwazi ngandlela-thile iqiniso futhi uyozizwa bekhohliswa futhi isiphetho saleli "ukukhwabanisa" kungaba hhayi kuphela amadlingozi, kodwa futhi esibuhlungu. Futhi sifisa 'amehlo evulekile ingane "kungase kube ngokwanele.

Iqiniso lokuthi okubizwa ngokuthi "imfihlo wokutholwa 'sisebenza kuphela izikhulu. Abasebenzi sivikelwe futhi uhulumeni ejensi abanalo ilungelo lokunikeza noma yiluphi ulwazi mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani nezokugcina ingane. Ngokuqondene izihlobo, abangane nomakhelwane, zingenakubekwa lezi zibopho futhi yokufihla eziyimbangela kweqiniso kuzo kungenzeka kuphela uma usana Umamukeli. Omakhelwane, ozakwabo kanye nengangibajwayele abayitoho - enokwethenjelwa kakhulu ubufakazi okungalindelekile yezimpilo zethu, futhi yibona ngokuvamile abaphehla amadrama umndeni ngokuphathelene ekungeyona eyakhe abantwana.

Kuyinto kulezizimo ukuthi ngesikhathi ebizela othile ngokoqobo, umndeni ngokuvamile akalindele izindinganiso zokuziphatha nezingokomoya umusa kubantu enquma ugcine ingane futhi ngokwabo kusukela kungenelela, self-kokuvula ingane iqiniso.

"Imfihlakalo ukwamukelwa" lilondolozwe kuphela ngomqondo wokuthi, ngokomthetho, abasebenzi ejensi Awunalo ilungelo lokuphenya izihlobo indawo yangaphambili wengane, uma iye yamukelwa ukuba ukuthathelwa umshuwalense umndeni ekungeyona eyakhe kusukela nokungena ingane kwabo.

Ngokuvamile, i-oda wokutholwa eRussia kulawulwa, futhi ezimweni ezijwayelekile isinyathelo ngokwanele, isikhathi nesineke ukuze uthole futhi zamukele ilungu elisha lomkhaya.