Umthetho kugcwele ku Russian Federation

Nedra - ingxenye ungqimba lomhlaba, esemgwaqweni ngaphansi ungqimba inhlabathi. Uma ayitholakali ke indawo kugcwele - ngaphansi komhlaba, kanye ngezansi phansi nemifula kanye amachibi ukuthi wandise ekujuleni kufinyeleleke lujula futhi ucwaningo umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu.

UMthetho zamanje kugcwele ilawula ubudlelwano ezingavela ngenxa Geological kwehlwaywe, Ukuvikelwa nokuxhashazwa izidubedube ensimini ka WaseRussia, eshalofini layo Continental, kanye nokusetshenziswa imfucuza ezimayini nokucubungula ahlobene izimboni (sapropel, Peat nezinye izinto, kuhlanganise brine zemifula kanye namachibi namanzi angaphansi komhlaba).

Umthetho wamanje inikeza isisekelo somnotho kanye zomthetho ukuze Ukuvikelwa izidubedube kanye nokuphathwa ihlanganiswe ngokusebenzisa kwawo. Asendaweni Law elinikeza ukuphepha kwezakhamizi Russian kanye nombuso, okuhlanganisa amalungelo abasebenzisi kugcwele. Isenzo yomthetho esiphelweni saso sonke lesi Insimu Russian Federation, kanye layo eshalofini ezwekazini.

Kugcwele Umthetho Russian Federation kusekelwe uMthethosisekelo futhi siqukethe kokubili umthetho wamanje yokutholwa ngaphakathi accordance nga it kanye neminye imithetho kahulumeni, kanye kusukela ezinye izimiselo, kanye nemithetho kanye nezinye izenzo zomthetho yezihloko ezweni lethu.

Ubunikazi of asendaweni

Akahulumeni akuzona amasayithi kuphela, okuyinto zitholakala endaweni Russian Federation futhi isikhala abafanele komhlaba, kodwa basesimweni yembathani amandla nezinye izinto, kanye namaminerali. Nezithombe, ukulahlwa kwezinto okungalawuliwe futhi nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yezimbiwa wenziwa ngokuhlanganyela Russian Federation futhi izikhonzi zawo.

Kugcwele Umthetho uthi kugcwele abakwazi ukuthenga, ukudayisa, banikele noma ngofuzo, kanye ukutshala noma alahle noma ngayiphi enye indlela. Ilungelo lokusebenzisa subsurface izinsiza kungenzeka adluliselwe komunye inhlangano kwenye, noma ilahlwe kuphela kulezo zimo evumela zoMthetho Federal ku kugcwele.

Minerals nezinye izinto ezikhishwe kusukela yembathani izimo amalayisense kungahle ubunikazi kwezihloko RF, kanye ngasese, kamasipala, federal impahla yomphakathi, kanye nezinye izinhlobo kungenzeka kobunikazi.

Kungani sidinga fund reserve

Isikhwama Reserve izindawo yakha ukuze kuqinisekiswe izidingo ikusasa WaseRussia njengoba amasu, kanye okufutshane supply izinhlobo amaminerali avela kugcwele, okuyinto angakafakwa zitholakala kanjani ukuze zisetshenziswe. Kugcwele Law ayikuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kulezo zindawo eziyingxenye yesikhwama reserve, kuze kube isikhathi lapho isinqumo senziwe ukubekela eceleni kwabo kusukela Isikhwama Reserve.

Izinqumo on ukufakwa nobe kushiya ngaphandle kugcwele iziza uxhaso federal etholwe Government of the Russian Federation ngesiphakamiso sokuba amandla wezokuphatha - kuleli cala, ngaphandle uma kungenjalo enikeziwe umthetho kahulumeni.

eyayilawulwa uMbuso cwaningo, ukuvikelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo izidubedube

Injongo eyinhloko yawo kokuqondisa isimo yilona lokuvikela, ukuthola futhi baqedwe ukwephulwa abasebenzisi kugcwele, njengoba kudingwa izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe we Russian Federation kanye nomthetho we Russian Federation ku izidubedube, kanye evunywe umthetho RF njengoba yasungulwa imithetho, iziqondiso, amazinga emkhakheni inhlolovo Geological, ukuvikelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo izidubedube.

eyayilawulwa uMbuso Kwenziwa isigungu, kodwa kunalokho ogunyaziwe umzimba federal - ezifana federal uhulumeni ukwengamela, kanye lesifunda isimo kokuqondisa ngokuvumelana zamakhono yabo ngendlela ebekwe sakhiwo esiphezulu esiphethe amandla isimo isihloko wezwe lakithi futhi uhulumeni ophethe.