Isevisi yokuhambisa - kuyini? UMnyango State Isevisi yokuhambisa

Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa izimfihlo isimo lwaluvelele igunya zanoma yiliphi izwe. Phela, cishe yonke imibuso yesimanje kukhona ulwazi oluthathwa ngokuthi "izimfihlo isimo." Lokhu ikakhulukazi umbuso kwezomthetho kubalulekile uma abameleli isithakazelo uhulumeni ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza nokuphepha wezwe. Kodwa nokugcinwa ekusithekeni of ulwazi olunikeziwe hhayi kuphela ngokwethula umbuso kwezomthetho ekhethekile. Indima eyinhloko kudlalwa yizinhlaka ezikhethekile ukuthi ugunyaziwe ukunikeza ulwazi ukulondeka kwengxenye noma kwenye ezingeni sokuphepha.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lolu hlobo ulwazi ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inqubo ekumelaneni nombuso. Ikhumbula ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi nobuchwepheshe ngekhulu xxi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha ukufinyelela ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo, exchange kolwazi phakathi nezikhethekile, kanye ukuvimbela ukuhlukumeza ekusithekeni zomthetho lapho sisebenzelana lolu hlobo ulwazi.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa imisebenzi evezwa Russian Federation ngokuphelele esiphathiswe umzimba ekhethekile kwamandla esiphezulu, okuthiwa Isevisi yokuhambisa. Kulesi sihloko sibheka izici, isakhiwo kanye nohlaka lomthetho we nkampani.

Isevisi umqondo Courier

State Isevisi yokuhambisa we Russian Federation - ekhethekile isigungu, umsebenzi kabani main kwezokuxhumana yizithunywa. Ngamagama alula, lokhu umnyango kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwemibhalo oluthathwa phakathi izinhlangano ogunyazwe, okuholela elinye igama umnyango - Service amakhuriya ekhethekile. Igama elithi "courier" lumelela igama elithi "amasosha noma uhulumeni ehambisa izincwadi."

Kulokhu sikhuluma isakhiwo professional, okuyinto uphathiswe ukuqaliswa kwemisebenzi yesikhathi eside kokuba obaluleke kakhulu ezweni. Isevisi yokuhambisa liphakathi ejensi ezimbalwa, ezilawulwa ngqo nguMongameli we Russian Federation ngqo. It has a Umlando sasivumela eside ukuthi kuhlehlela emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX.

Isevisi yokuhambisa Umlando

Izakhamuzi eziningi Russian abawazi khona i-ejensi ezifana Isevisi yokuhambisa. Kuyini futhi uyini umsebenzi wenkonzo, kuzosiza ukuqonda umlando walo mnyango. Bokuqala okuthumela ukwahlukana zadalwa eRussia phakathi ngesikhathi soMbusi uPawulu I. He qamba izimiso courier yakhe amabutho, okuyinto kwaba ukuqinisekisa ukulethwa ephezulu ukubaluleka izibambiso, ephephile wokugada nezicukuthwane. Ngakho, icala lalihilela izimfihlo isimo hhayi kuphela ukuvikelwa, kodwa futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo "Ukuvikelwa siqu". Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, ekhulwini XIX, Isevisi yokuhambisa eladabuka eJalimane. Courier Modern amayunithi German usebenza ngesisekelo esinqumweni 1956 Njengoba Russia, inkinga ejensi, kanye nezinye izici zalo ziye lushintshwe nenkathi yamaSoviet.

Isevisi yokuhambisa e-USSR

ukwehlukana Courier Soviet okulungiselelwe kusukela 1918. Naphezu inguquko zokugcina, lo hulumeni omusha ukuthi ngaphandle kwenhlangano yezokuthutha ekhethekile ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo ngaphakathi isimo abanakukwazi okufinyelela imigomo efiselekayo. Ukubaluleka olukhethekile ejensi wagcizelela isithakazelo kuye kusukela amandla.

Kakade ngo-1939, i-uqhekeko courier abangu kabusha futhi ihlukaniswe. I NKVD manje umnyango ekhethekile Isevisi yokuhambisa, okuyinto waziphatha ukulethwa singesihambelanayo ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi imibhalo. Ngokuphathelene neziphathimandla zendawo, ababengenawo isimo kazwelonke we ukulethwa kubo ukukhiqiza amabutho amayunithi Commissariat ngenxa. Eziyigugu nemali ziphuthunyiswe futhi zilethwe isevisi iqoqo we State Bank of the USSR. Lokho kusho ukuthi inkonzo courier wenza imisebenzi ebalulekile okuhloswe ngaso ethutha imibhalo oluthathwa nezinye amagugu womphakathi. Kakade 1980, ejensi liba izici zenkonzo yesimanje courier we Russian Federation.

Federal Isevisi yokuhambisa: umsebenzi namuhla

Siyaqonda ukuthi ngekhulu xxi Ukulethwa Izikhungo useshintshe Ububanzi bemisebenzi yayo. Lokhu kungenxa ukuguqulwa ngocansi ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo, kanye yizimiso imisebenzi courier. Kuze kube manje, State Isevisi yokuhambisa wenza eziningi imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Mail ukulethwa wonke amazinga zobumfihlo.
2. Mail ukulethwa kusukela bamazwe angaphandle, kanye olusemthethweni amanxusa (abameleli) lala mazwe.
3. Ukuthunyelwa izincwadi ezivela abamele izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe.
4. Control nemizimba ukuphathwa eqondile, ukwakha isakhiwo se-Russian Federation courier service.

Uhlu ethulwa imisebenzi kuyinto eyisisekelo, kodwa kunezinye, imisebenzi kubaluleke ngezinga elifanayo. Of inothi Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukulethwa singesihambelanayo imfihlo, akuhlobene ulwazi kusuka izinhloko nabameleli yohulumeni bangaphandle, has a isihloko Ukwakheka ezithile. Ngamanye amazwi, lo kwezidingo courier kungaphansi Imininingwane enikeza izitho ezithile.

Nemigwamanda ukuxhumana kumele ithunyelwe izithunywa

Izidumbu (amasevisi), izincwadi imfihlo okuyinto njalo Couriers zilethwe zihlanganisa:

• UMongameli Russian Federation;
• Ihhovisi lomshushisi;
• iziphathimandla zomphakathi, iziphathimandla federal;
• Ukuphathwa ezempi kanye izindawo zezimboni imfihlo;
• I Wezangaphakathi we Russian Federation;
• Ministry Russian Wezokuvikela;
• Federal Service Security;
• I-Federal Service Security.

Uma okungenani eyodwa kulezi zitho ingenye izifundo ekudluliselweni ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo, ukulethwa senziwa State Isevisi yokuhambisa.

amalungelo GFS

Ukuze enze imisebenzi uMbuso Isevisi yokuhambisa Russia It uyawuthanda amalungelo akhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinye amathuba GFS kuyinto ebanzi lukhulu futhi isikhathi eside kunaleso nezinye izitho zomzimba kanye nezinsizakalo ze-Russian Federation. Lesi simo ngenxa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, iqiniso lokuthi Isevisi yokuhambisa yeRussia, noma kunalokho abasebenzi bayo, kuyinto ukuthintana ngqo nolwazi olubucayi emazingeni ehlukene. Ngakho, isevisi unamalungelo ezilandelayo:

1. ukuxhumana Imfihlo ukuletha izinhlangano zomphakathi ezibalulekile ensimini ka WaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe.
2. Phathani ukuxhumana imfihlo ngayo yonke izindlela zezokuthutha ngaphandle ukuhlolwa nokuvalelwa.
3. Abasebenzi ngesikhathi zokuthutha izincwadi ovunyelwe ukusebenzisa noma isiphi uhlobo isikhali, izindlela ezikhethekile kanye amandla ento edaliwe.
4. Ezokuthutha Isevisi yokuhambisa kuyinto 'esikhethekile ". Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa yini amanye ama-ejensi izinjongo zabo ngaphandle kwemvume GFS.

Ngakho, Isevisi yokuhambisa has isimo inhlangano paramilitary we Russian Federation, okuholela ilungelo elehlukile ukusetshenziswa amandla ento edaliwe, izindlela ezikhethekile kanye nezibhamu.

nesisekelo esingokomthetho sokuthethelela

Njengoba kanye namanye amasevisi okhethekile Russian Federation, yilelo nalelo libe nesigaba courier emsebenzini yayo ukwakhela imithetho ekhona yamazwe. Ngokungangabazeki, isenzo ukhiye olulawula hhayi kuphela ehambisa, kodwa futhi isimiso somthetho sangaleso isimo lulonke lusesimweni uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation.

Lokhu eziyisisekelo isiqondiso amandla ulawula amakhuriya ukuze ingangqubuzani lamalungelo nenkululeko yomuntu isakhamuzi ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo. Futhi, uhlala lomthetho ifomu Isevisi yokuhambisa:

• "On the federal courier wezokuxhumana" uMthetho Federal.
• Regulation "On the State Isevisi yokuhambisa we Russian Federation."

Lezi zincwadi ezimbili ukwenza kube lula ukuphendula umbuzo ube ngumhlali abavamile, "Isevisi yokuhambisa - kuyini?"

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi wakhe GFS isebenzisa izimiso uMongameli we Russian Federation, uHulumeni Russian Federation, ezinye izenzo normative yemizimba ophakeme kahle kwemandla embuso, okuyinto kuhlobene ngokuqondile imisebenzi service ehambisa izincwadi.

Ukwakheka Isevisi yokuhambisa

Ukuze kokusebenza izinga isakhiwo imisebenzi courier service kuhlanganisa emaphakathi abasebenzi neminyango, iziphathimandla zendawo, neminyango emadolobheni amakhulu. Ngamunye Izikhungo umnyango Courier Itholakala zokuqondisa we Russian Federation, kanye izihloko Federation. Futhi e isakhiwo GFS siqukethe izinhlangano ongaphansi, okuyinto yizona ezimelela service ehambisa lapho ludingeka ezokuthutha kahle kolwazi olubucayi. Ukuthintana ngqo neziphathimandla indawo amanye amasevisi has cishe njalo umnyango State Isevisi yokuhambisa, njengoba lokhu luncane futhi iyunithi mobile lonke isakhiwo se-GFS.

imisebenzi Special GFS

Kunezinselele ekhethekile ngokuvamile yenza Isevisi yokuhambisa. Kuyini - "imisebenzi ekhethekile", kushiwo kunoma imuphi umthombo kwezomthetho. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlaziywa zomthetho ugqamise sici esilandelayo ezithakazelisayo, isibonelo ukulethwa imfihlo ukuxhumana amakhanda amazwe isimo. Uma wenza inkinga enjalo ikhona ingozi ulwazi oluyimfihlo ku-ejensi intelligence angaphandle noma izinhlangano amaphekula, ngakho lo msebenzi kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi ekhethekile. GFS futhi kwenza ukulethwa kwamaphepha okuvota phakathi ukhetho uMongameli, amasekela we Duma State, abameleli nezinye iziphathimandla zikahulumeni we Russian Federation.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sabuka eyisisekelo imisebenzi, amandla, amalungelo, wanika incazelo umqondo wegama elithi "Isevisi yokuhambisa". Yini-ke ukuthi, kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngaphezulu iziqondiso ukhiye elawula umsebenzi GFS.