Yini amakhowe ezidliwayo? Yini amakhowe ezidliwayo kuvuna ekwindla?

Lapho nje iqhwa liyancibilika, wonke amahlathi, izimfunda kanye emigwaqweni kukhona eziningi amakhowe. Zikhula kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-October, ujabula abalandeli "ukuzingela sokuthula 'ngoba ukwehlukana kwayo. isikhunta Abaningi ziwusizo futhi anomsoco. Kodwa wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kuyingozi ubuthi kubo. Ngakho-ke, kuphela ukwazi ukuthi yini amakhowe ezidliwayo, ungaya ngiziqoqele. Futhi kuyinto efiselekayo ukukufundisa nomuntu onokuqonda, ngoba kuye inhlabathi, izimo sezulu kanye izimila ezizungezile kuyinto ukhunta esifanayo singase sehluke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla engenzi ivumelane bonke ngothi lwabo.

Yiziphi amakhowe

Ezweni lethu likhula ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezintathu saprophytes. A ukudla ingagxila 200 kuphela. Noma ubani ofuna ukuba ujabulele lo mkhiqizo okumnandi nokunomsoco, kufanele wazi amakhowe lokho ezidliwayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzomele uqale bajwayelane yilokho abanakho yilezi:

1. Ezidliwayo - yilezo zidliwa ngaphandle eside ukucubungula ukudla. Sinenkosi iphunga elimnandi kanye high umsoco.

2. amakhowe kunemibandela ezidliwayo edliwayo, kodwa yako yangaphambi ofakwe noma ibilisiwe isikhathi eside. Bangase babe nephunga kabi ukunambitheka ababayo, okuyinto ubalekela emva sifakwe emanzini. Naphezu kwalokhu, iningi lawo athandwa kakhulu, ezifana amakhowe.

3. engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo amakhowe - yibo kungukuthi ubuthi, kodwa azidle awukwazi ngoba iphunga ebukhali, ukunambitheka acrid, ukungaguquguquki encane kakhulu noma ezingafanele. Lezi zihlanganisa, isibonelo, mitseny, pepper mushroom Tinder noma mushroom Canine.

4. abenobuthi ukudla bengayi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Zingadala ubuthi noma ukufa. Ukufa kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa esibindini obabubangwa noma izinso. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo abonise izimfanelo zabo ezinesihlungu kuphela ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, ngokwesibonelo svinushki.

5. abenobuthi zifakwe hallucinogens. Tibangela ukusangana ezibukwayo noma sokuzwa, okuyize. Kodwa lezi isikhunta kungaba non-enobungozi.

Izimpawu amakhowe ezidliwayo

- It has a nephunga elimnandi.

- Ziyakwazi esiphundu, futhi abaningi babo zibhekwa njengesibiliboco.

- ukuqukatha izinto elimazayo futhi ezinobuthi efanelekayo ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle steeping isikhathi eside noma abilayo.

- Sinenkosi okusezingeni eliphezulu a umsoco: kuhlala tindzawo amaningi nokumbiwa trace izakhi.

- Izinhlobo eziningi kuthiwa ezitshalwe noma emasimini akhethekile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo amakhowe ezidliwayo

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone ukwehlukana saprophytes, ezidliwayo, ngemacembu ezine:

1. amakhowe eyigugu kakhulu, kunobuciko emnandi futhi high umsoco. Lezi zihlanganisa amakhowe amhlophe futhi samanje agaric.

2. Ngaphansi esibalulekile yokudla okunempilo futhi lizwakale izimfanelo: e-aspen, boletus, ibhotela amakhowe futhi champignons.

3. Ngisho ingabi yigugu, futhi ezidinga ukupheka isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi kokuba acrid Milky juice: amakhowe, Mokhovikov, russula, morels, amakhowe, chanterelles, nabanye.

4. Iyisimila kancane eyaziwa futhi akuvamile eqoqwe: izambulela, lactifluus vellereus, oyster, raincoats nezinye.

Yini amakhowe ezidliwayo kuvuna ekwindla

Lapho kufika ukushisa kwasehlobo luyaphela futhi uma umhlabathi uba mushroom olumanzi kufika isikhathi esingcono. Kusukela ngo-September kuze frost mushroom abazingeli lokuqala ehlathini akasebenzi, okungukuthi ukuqoqa. Ngenyanga yokuqala autumn ingatholakala cishe zonke izinhlobo amakhowe ezidliwayo, zingabantu ngalesi sikhathi namandla futhi nimangale izinambuzane. Ngo-October nango-November, baba ezincane. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi kule "ukuzingela sokuthula 'labo abaziyo ukuthi amakhowe ezidliwayo kuvuna ekwindla. Bona zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:

1. Labo ukuthi akhule aze frost kuqala. Lokhu amakhowe amhlophe, boletus, boletus, amakhowe, oyster amakhowe futhi russula.

2. Labo ezikhula ngisho at nesenzakalo frost, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube uDisemba. Lawa amakhowe njengoba blewits, amakhowe, greenfinch, chesnochnik futhi chanterelles.

Kanjani ukukhetha amakhowe

On the "ukuzingela sokuthula 'kufanele uhambe kuphela uma wazi ukuthi yini amakhowe ezidliwayo. Izithombe kungukuthi njalo ukusiza ukucabanga ukuthi empeleni bheka. Kukhona inala amawele, engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo noma enobuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhunta efanayo on nenhlabathi ahlukene, futhi singase sehluke ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene onyakeni. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo lokuqala uhambe nge onolwazi is kahle ababeyizazi lokho amakhowe ezidliwayo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ukuze "ukuzingela sokuthula 'kudingeka ulandele izimiso ezimbalwa ezilula:

- hhayi ukukhetha amakhowe eduze kwemigwaqo, izimboni, noma emzini;

- neze ukuthatha mushroom uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi ke ezidliwayo;

- ungathathi elidala, amakhowe izikelemu okudliwayo;

- kungcono hhayi ukuqoqa nabo nemvula;

- kungcono ukusika amakhowe ngommese bese efakwa nobhasikidi Amahlumela;

- Ungasusi noma adubule phansi impukane toadstool agaric futhi.

Ngisho noma wazi ukuthi amakhowe ezidliwayo ngoba abantu, awukwazi qiniseka ukuthi anobuthi ngawe, zingabantu engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo ngoba abakhileyo ihlathi.

Kungenzeka ushevu amakhowe ezidliwayo

Saprophytes oluyingozi kakhulu. Omunye ukhunta kungase kudingeke ezahlukeneyo eziningana ijamo, ubungako, umbala. Sidinga ukuthatha labo kuphela lapho uqiniseka ngokuphelele. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nabantu abaziyo ukuthi amakhowe ezidliwayo, ukubeka kubhasikidi zilwane ezingajwayelekile noma omncane owaziwa ngethemba lokuthi ekugcineni ngeke ukuthutha kanye sizoxoxa ngokucophelela. Lokhu ngeke kwenziwe, ngoba ngisho obuncane toadstool, wabanjwa epanini kanye Syroezhko kungabangela ubuthi ezinzima. enye Lapho ungaluthola anobuthi amakhowe ezidliwayo:

- ephula imithetho yokuhamba kwabo, ukulungiselela kanye isitoreji;

- at ukusetshenziswa phezu-ezivuthiwe, izikelemu kudliwa noma isikhunta abathintekayo izifo;

- ezinye saprophytes ikhona ukusabela iguliswa; abantu, ngisho noma bayazi yini amakhowe ezidliwayo, ngiziqoqele futhi engeke idliwe ngenxa;

- ukuqoqwa amakhowe ezindaweni zezimboni eduze kwemigwaqo, amathuna, izindawo noma emikhakheni ziphathwe izibulala-zinambuzane - ngenxa amakhowe ikhono lokwamukela zonke izinto kusukela emoyeni futhi umhlaba ezindaweni ngisho amakhowe ezidliwayo kungaba anobuthi.

Manje ungathola ulwazi oluningi mayelana yiziphi amakhowe ezidliwayo. Kodwa udinga ukukhetha incwadi obzatelno ngemibala izithombe futhi incazelo eningiliziwe mushroom ngalinye kanye nozakwabo yakhe. Okungcono nakakhulu, ekuqaleni ukuthatha "ukuzingela sokuthula 'mushroom ukutomula owazi ukuthi baye baveza ukuthi amakhowe zingafundwa njengoba ukuze bafake ubuthi.