Yimaphi amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, futhi okuyinto - nobuchwepheshe?

Nesilulumagama selulwimi Russian likhulu kakhulu. Kodwa akekho usosayensi-sezilimi kuhlulekile ukuhlanganisa isichazamazwi eziphelele kakhulu, ukuthi ngabe kubonakala futhi ngokuhunyushwa ngokuphelele wonke amazwi. Ngisho edumile Dal isichazamazwi, equkethe inani elikhulu amayunithi lucebe e khona, awubhekene ulimi ngokuphelele. Amagama avele ngolimi ngokuhamba umsebenzi wesintu, lapho sibangelwa noma invents entsha. Kanye nalabo amathokheni ozijwayele eziningi, ngolimi kukhona labo wasebenzisa amaqembu elilinganiselwe labantu. Bayoba isihloko siyihlole. Lesi sihloko kuzoveza ukuthi amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, efaneleyo, ijagoni.

Obscheupotrebitelnaya silulumagama

Kwenqwaba bezwi, okuyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu nguwena ngokuyinhloko okhulumayo ngesiRashiya, libhekisela ezivamile, okungukuthi, labo abanakekela kucace kuwo wonke umuntu. Tower, indlu, itafula, isihlalo, ulwandle, incwadi, ihlathi, ensimini, umfula nabanye abaningi. Zisetshenziswa abantu ngothi lwabo, kungakhathaliseki okukhethekile, indawo yokuhlala, impilo kanye age group.

Wonke la mazwi ezihlukaniswe value futhi ifomu lwetakhi telulwimi ku titfo tenkhulumo: tiphawulo noma tento, emabito Izinombolo, tivumelwano, tabito, tandziso.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mazwi Site ngamunye izitayela yokukhuluma: bajwayele ngokulinganayo kwezamabhizinisi lolukhulunywako kanye esemthethweni, futhi ngesitayela lesibonwa.

Enye into - silulumagama, kungagcini iyasebenza. Imikhawulo ingasho insimu ethile, ubungcweti, ubudala noma iqembu komphakathi. Ngaphambi uwasebenzisa enkulumweni, kubalulekile ukucacisa uqobo isimo nekukhuluma ngokucacile ukuthi yini amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, futhi yini - nobuchwepheshe. La mazwi zihlukaniswa yokuthi umuntu emgwaqweni, abaqondi futhi kunzima ukuliqonda, ngisho umongo.

dialecticism

Neobscheupotrebitelnuyu silulumagama wenza ukuhlukanisa, kuye ngokuthi indlela isimiso ke lilinganiselwe. Lokhu ziyonquma ukuthi amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, usizo oluthile lochwepheshe futhi abanye isitsotsi. Ukuqala ukuqaqa kuqala.

Russia - yezwe lilikhulu kakhulu, uhlala nenqwaba abantu, futhi ensimini ngayinye kukhona amathokheni ukuthi zicacile kuphela izakhamuzi zakhona. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke zibe esiyingqayizivele phakathi amagama ajwayelekile, futhi abezindaba akuqonde ngokucacile lokho amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi. Lapho ukhuluma nomuntu engayazi umbala lucebe ezindaweni zabo, abathwali amazwi "inkinobho" olimini abahumushela kulo.

Siye wachaza kakade lokho amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, izibonelo zabo ziningi: Ukubhema Don Cossacks ngokuthi indlu, futhi ebusika enyakatho yezwe libizwa rye lihluma kuphela.

izinhlobo lwesigodi

Kufanele futhi ishiwo amaqembu lwesigodi amazwi, kuye ngokuthi umsuka wabo nokugcwala teluhlelo:

1. Lucebe. Labo ukuthi kukhona izwi ehluke ngempela ngokungafani okulingana ngolimi ezivamile ukusetshenziswa: beetroot - beetroot, ibhande - ibhande Tsibulya - anyanisi kanye nabanye.
2. Ethnographic. La mazwi Awunawo analogue e ulimi olwaluqondwa lonke izwe. Ngokuvamile - Lawa angamagama izitsha, izici zamasiko nobuzwe: ngamawikhedi - Pies Karelian wenza rye inhlama manarka - ingubo nabanye.
3. Lucebe-semantic. Yibo labo endaweni ethile banikwa kwelinye inani ngaphandle elivame ukuqondwa ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, kwezinye izindawo, izwi lomlomo kusho zonke amakhowe, ngaphandle porcini, futhi izwi libizwa phansi kwebhuloho yendlu.
4. Ifonetiki. Leli qembu limelela zezigodi bychnyh okufana ukuphinyiselwa okufanele kwamagama. Ngakho, itiye liphinyiselwe nge wongwaqa [n] kuqala, futhi ipulazi - nge kokuqala [IV]. ezahlukeneyo ezinjalo uthi zikhona ezindaweni eningizimu nasenyakatho.
5. Yimaphi amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi izwi-kumiswa? Labo zishintshile ukuphinyiselwa kwawo uphawu noma ngokungeza noma ukhipha affixes ehlukahlukene (impande, okuyincazelo yegama yokukhuluma, wahlala injalo manje): Guska - zesifazane ihansi pokeda - okwamanje dharma - ngeze.
6. Morphological. Leli gama lisuselwa lwetakhi telulwimi lishintshe indlela elakheke ngayo. Ngakho, isenzo ubuso 3 ungase ube ekupheleni ezithambile yena ide [m] (evamile), ke ide [kube], noma izabizwana zoqobo uma wezinsimbi ophela inzuzo th elisebunyeni: kimi (kuyinsakavukela) - Me.

Ukukhuluma ngalokho amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngokuvamile zingatholakala hhayi kuphela ezindaweni ezithile, kodwa futhi izincwadi. Ngokwesibonelo, eziningi zazo ngemisebenzi F. abramov, V. Astafieva, Sholokhov, Nikolai Gogol. Lokhu kumelwe kube umbhali kute endlulise touch ekhethekile ezindaweni ezithile, emizaneni noma imizana.

Imibandela

Siye kuchazwa futhi ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi. Futhi lokho professionalisms Kusolwa? Kuyini umehluko phakathi kwabo, futhi kungani hlala niche ekhethekile silulumagama neobscheupotrebiteloy?

La mazwi ukuwenzisisa umphakathi: ubuthishela noma ulwazi lwesayensi sendawo ethile. amathokheni okunjalo ukuhlukanisa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu: imigomo kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ukuze uqale, cabangela kuqala.

Ithemu ichaza noma imuphi umqondo yesayensi, isici mkhuba ezindaweni ezahlukene ulwazi (isayensi, ubuciko noma ukukhiqiza). Etigabeni langaphambilini, ukhuluma ngalokho amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi, thina waveza ukuthi ngamunye wabo definition ayo noma defintsiya. Yilokho kanye umehluko amagama yilezi: incazelo ecacile, emfushane, kodwa olunzulu ezingokoqobo zithi leli gama lisho.

izinhlobo imigomo

Singakhuluma ngamaqembu amabili ahlukaniswe phakathi ezihlukahlukene imigomo:

1. Imisebenzi Scientific. Yilezo singasebenza iyiphi inkundla yolwazi: ukuhlola esicabanga ukuthi kungaqhamuka, ukusabela. Ngokwesiprofetho, la mazwi elisetshenziswe kaningi.
2. Special. Bangabakhe iyiphi emkhakheni othize isayensi: Linguistics (eziyinkimbinkimbi ubunye syntactic), isayensi yezinto eziphilayo (i-stamen, kuzithinta), i-geometry (umugqa, indiza), Psychology (phlegmatic, umuzwa, bezibona).

Omunye umehluko emkhatsini imigomo - descriptiveness zabo kakhulu. Omunye izwi ezifana esikhundleni enye efanayo singenakwenzeka, kuphela noma umusho. Ikhwalithi nobuntu yolimi lwanamuhla Russian kubhekwe njengento Ukungena imigomo yansuku zonke. Ngakho, senza akazange anqikaze ukuyisebenzisa nsuku zonke inkulumo emfuleni, amanzi, umoya. Kodwa-ke zonke - imigomo zezwe ezikhethiwe ukuze babe ekuchazweni ngokwesayensi.

bomsebenzi

Saxoxa cishe wonke amazwi ukuqhela ohlangothini yokwenziwa, wakhuluma imigomo lapho amazwi abizwa ngokuthi lwesigodi okuyinto - nobuchwepheshe. Izibonelo lona wamuva idingidwa kulesi sigaba.

Ngakho, amazwi asetshenziswa inqubo ukukhiqizwa noma ucwaningo, athiwe okhokhelwayo. Kuyini umehluko phakathi kwabo kanye nemigomo? Iqiniso ukuthi yokugcina babe definition zabo, okuyinto kungenzeka angabi khona amazwi lochwepheshe. Basuke ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa ekukhulumeni ibonisa amathuluzi, izinqubo, izinto zokusetshenziswa nokunye. Ngokwesiprofetho, la mazwi okuhloswe ukuba lula ukuxhumana abasebenzi zokukhiqiza.

Ngu uhlobo ukusetshenziswa efaneleyo delimit ezindaweni lapho abantu esetshenziswa imisebenzi ethile: abavukuzi, odokotela, typographers, abakhi, njalo njalo

ijagoni

Iqembu ahlukene usesikhundleni silulumagama okuqondene amaqembu athile nomphakathi: kwentsha (Slang), ijagoni professional kanye ekamu futhi argot ngokuthi - ulimi ekhethekile isiRashiya, okuyinto ukuxhumana namasela vagrants nabanye.

Ngokuvamile, uyakwazi ukuzwa isitsotsi - ulimi intsha nabafundi. Amagama efana womfundisi, ehostela, umsila, epholile, super zenzeka kuleli qembu yonke indawo.