Wget-umyalo: izibonelo. Uhlelo Console ukulanda amafayela kunethiwekhi Wget

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ezweni lapho isigamu sabantu abasemhlabeni sika ngenkuthalo lisebenzisa amakhompyutha kanye elijwayele stylish isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza namakhono rich ezifana, ayikho indawo izinhlelo zokusebenza umbhalo. Eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 edlule, i-interface ikhompyutha kwaba abamnyama iphaneli nezesabekayo ubonisa lutho kodwa iqoqo izinhlamvu white, futhi wonke Izilawuli eyenziwa ngezithukuthuku imiyalo umbhalo. Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi elingakanani zalezi zinhlelo ziya ugly, ngakho ziyasebenziseka, okuthembekile.

Kuyini Wget?

Wget (okuyinto okubhekiselwa kuzo nangokuthi GNU Wget Linux) kuyinto console, hhayi isicelo ezenzelwe nokusebenza ngamafayela namakhasi ewebhu. Empeleni, kuba ithuluzi ukulanda amafayela kusuka ku-intanethi, lapho ukuntuleka isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza futhi eziningi izici ukuphatha, atypical amakhambi okuthuthukile.

Uhlelo yasungulwa ngu iqembu zisuka eCroatia Hrvozhi Niksic, futhi manje kusekela ukuthuthukiswa Giuseppe Skrivano nomphakathi Linux. Umhlangano wokuqala Umbuso indawo (ababebizwa ngokuthi getUrl) olwaqala ngo-January 1996. Uhlelo ayebhalwe C no eshicilelwe ngaphansi GNU zesofthiwe ezinelayisensi. Ekuqaleni ithuluzi wadedelwa emsamo Linux. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ithuluzi liye lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi kanye ngembobo ku zonke izingxenyekazi ezithandwa, kuhlanganise Wget-Windows 7 (noma entsha), Wget for MacOS, nokunye.

Lolu hlelo - ayisebenzi, okusho ukuthi noma iyiphi inqubo egijima ngaphakathi amakhono ayo, ayikwazi ukulawulwa, ke zingalawulwa ngokuvula Izilawuli yesistimu yokusebenza.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iziphequluli yesimanje ngokuvamile abe esakhelwe thwebula imenenja, they nzonzobala eyenzelwe zokuxhumana interactive, ngakho-ke, umsebenzi kwimodi manual kuba nzima. Wget, kunalokho, ivumela ukuba ukushintsha eziningi izinqubo. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukulungiselela kusengaphambili idokhumenti wombhalo uhlu amakhasi ewebhu, usebenzisa okuyinto ungakwazi ulayishe amafayela amaningi kanye namakhasi.

izici main

Nokho kwasekuqaleni wuhlelo for amafayela alandwayo, okusho ubufakazi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko.

Wget ungalanda iziphi izinto kusukela Inthanethi, kungaba amadokhumenti, nokwenziwayo, noma wonke amakhasi ewebhu e ngefomethi ye-HTML (yezifiso ezahlukene). Amafayela ingalandwa kusukela lwemibhalo phezu FTP.

Iklayenti ongenza okulandwayo recursive, kulandela ngokuzenzakalelayo izixhumanisi ngaphakathi website othize (noma amawebhusayithi amaningi), kuyilapho sokubuyisela isakhiwo sokuqala zamakhasi ewebhu. Ungabuka ukulandwa I-Web sites ngaphandle ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi (okuzenzakalelayo ukulayishwa kukheli wokubuka inthanethi).

Wget ekuqaleni aguqulelwe ihambe kancane noma ingazinzi uxhumano izinhlobo, + ngakho-ke liyisici esibalulekile yikhono alulame okulandwayo ophazamisekile ifayela (lokhu kungenzeka uma iseva isekela RANGE izihloko). Wget ungakwazi ukulandelela isimo amaseva (ukufinyeleleka) ngoba ukulayisha kabusha nokubuyekeza (ifayela izihloko Wget isheke futhi isekela enguqulweni yakamuva) amafayela namakhasi ewebhu.

Uhlelo Ubuye eziningi izici ejwayelekile salokho okubizwa ngokuthi Izinsiza izicabucabu ukuthi ukuhlola amawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene kanye amaseva ngokuba khona amafayela athile kuwo.

izingxenyekazi ezisekelwe

Wget Linux isibe base somkhiqizo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, the Umbuso ekuqaleni wasebenza kuphela Linux, kodwa ngokushesha kwakuqala ukwanda kanye sekuye kwasetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ungathola inguqulo Wget-Windows 7 ezintsha wokusebenza, futhi ube ukwakha GUI. Njengoba ye-Linux, wena ehlelweni khona ngokuvamile ithungwe ibe nokusabalalisa. Terminals kwezinye Linux yakha natively isekela Wget-team. Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, nezinye distros umthengi ukusebenza ngohlelo, njengoba besho, kusukela ebhokisini. Okulandelayo, sibheke uhlelo kabanzi.

Wget-umyalo: uhlu nemingcele key

Uhlu eziyisisekelo imiyalo zihlanganisa:

• -V - ikuvumela uhlole version software okwamanje lisetshenziswa;
• -H - ubonisa uhlu kunazo olunzulu imiyalo ngokusebenzisana isicelo;
• -B - kukuvumela ukuhumusha uhlelo ngemuva;

Uhlu okukhethwa kukho kombiko

Wget-umyalo uvumele eliphelele lokulawula ulwazi ukuboniswa. Nalu uhlu:

• logfile -O - kudala ifayela iphephabhuku ukuqopha yonke inqubo isicelo;
• logfile -a - ikuvumela ukuba anezele ifayela ekhona lwamakholi esikhundleni udale omusha;
• -D - ubonisa ulwazi olufanele ukuze abathuthukisi kanye senkinga (kusiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga namaphutha efanele emsebenzini ikhasimende lakho);
• -Q - ikhubaza ukukhonjiswa kwemilayezo;
• -v - Lolu khetho inikwe amandla ngokwakhona, ihlinzeka umbiko eningiliziwe zonke izinqubo ezenzeka uhlelo (ngesikhathi sangempela);
• -nv - iyehlisa Imininingwane wathola ngumsebenzisi imiyalezo. Kuyinto kuphela idatha abaluleke kakhulu bese Iphutha isaziso;
• ifayela -I (nge indlela eya ifayela) - umyalo ikuvumela ukuskena ifayela, ukuhlukanisa kusuka isixhumanisi kulo futhi ukuqalisa; Ungasebenzisa amafayela ngetakhiwo letehlukene, okubandakanya i-HTML, kodwa uma usebenzisa lo myalo, akudingekile ukuba ucacise indlela eya ifayela umugqa wemiyalo;
• -F - ingqondo uhlelo lokufunda ifayela njenge-HTML; uma usebenzisa lo myalo ukusebenza idokhumenti-HTML zendawo, iphutha kungenzeka, ukugwema lokho, yanele ukuba ubonise idokhumenti

Uhlu ongakhetha ukuqalisa

imiyalo Basic ukulanda amafayela usebenzisa Wget. Nazi iqoqo yabo eyisisekelo:

• --bind-ikheli = ADDRESS - Lo myalo ikuvumela ukudlulisa idatha IKHELI uzibophele umshini wendawo. Lapho usebenzisa i-TCP / IP uxhumano umyalo liyadingeka ukuze ucacise ngokunembile IP-ikheli (uma eziningana).
• inombolo -t (Udinga ukucacisa inombolo) - ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba ukhethe inani umthwalo ezinikezwa. Ukuze ugweme ukuphindaphinda kufanele ucacise ukubaluleka isibalo zero.
• -nc - Lo myalo ikuvumela ukubuyisela isimo ezedlule zefayela ulayishe uma kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukwahluleka inethiwekhi, futhi thwebula Ufika aphazamisekile. Uma ungawasebenzisi omunye imiyalo for ukulayisha kabusha (-n, -nc, -R), Wget kuzodala ikhophi futhi uqale ukulanda futhi. inketho -R ikuvumela ukufaka amafayela ezikhona.
• c - futhi kusiza ukulayisha kabusha ifayela uma yokulahlekelwa kwakwakhe (nalapho Wget wayeka ezimele imizamo reconnection). Engingakusho nje ukuxhumanisa ifayela ucacise umyalo. Uma usebenzisa lwemibhalo efanayo kukhona kufayela Wget izobamba ukuhlonza yayo futhi ngokuzenzekelayo ukunquma ku ukulayisha kabusha yayo. Umyalo ingasetshenziswa kuphela kumaseva lapho kukhona ukwesekwa RANGE unhlokweni.

• --progress - ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe uhlobo ukubonisa ukulanda kuyaqhubeka. Ungaveza -progress = ibha noma intuthuko = ichashaza.
• --spider - ubuyisela umyalo ukulanda ifayela ukuqinisekisa ubukhona balo kuseva;
• -W (ngemizuzwana) - icacisa isikhawu esiphakathi okulandwayo.
• -Q (ezishiwo inani amakhilobhayithi noma wamamegabhayithi) - ikuvumela ukuba ulungise ngokunembile ubukhulu idatha yakho futhi ukuthi ubeke umkhawulo amavolumu ngokweqile. Noma kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuthi uhele ezizolandwa kungakhathaliseki quota obala (okungukuthi nge kufayela elilodwa, le ndlela ngeke isebenze, abanye wayengasekho esindayo).

Uhlu HTTP nemingcele

• --http-umsebenzisi = futhi --http-passwd = - ezikuvumela ukucacisa login nephasiwedi ye ubuqiniso on server Web sakho kusuka lapho amafayela ngeke zithululwe.
• -C = / off on - ikuvumela ukuba vumela noma vimbela ukulondoloza isikhashana idatha ohlangothini iseva.
• --cookies = / off on - kuyafana for isilondolozi, amakhukhi kuphela. It ikuvumela ukuba noma kwamisa noma uqhube exchange of idatha yekhukhi okudingekayo ukuze ukuqhuba ukuvakashelwa izibalo iseva. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, le ndlela inikwe amandla, kodwa i-cookie-amafayela ingangeni egcinwe disk hard.
• --save-cookies - ikuvumela ukudala ifayela ikhukhi (idatha zakamuva).
• --proxy-umsebenzisi futhi -proxy-passwd - ikuvumela ukuba ucacise igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ye ubuqiniso on weseva (uma esetshenziswa).

Uhlu izilungiselelo FTP

Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe ngokusebenzisana Wget. FTP liyayala:

• -nr - Ungasusi amafayela esikhashana kusukela lwemibhalo .listing ukuthi angesabi elakhiwe lapho esebenza FTP;
• -G / off on - ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinhlamvu ezikhethekile e Umbuso lwemibhalo FTP;
• --passive-FTP - lo myalo ingasetshenziswa ku Firewall'a khona ukuze kusebenze yekwentiwa FTP Imodi (lapho umsebenzisi ngokwakhe obangela Uxhumano kwiseva).

Wget-Team: Ukwenza Okungcono

Isibonelo elula futhi banal kakhulu ukuze usebenze nge uhlelo Yiqiniso, ukulanda amafayela. Ukuze test of Wget-umyalo, ungaqala nge isixhumanisi elula ifayela kunethiwekhi bese ufaka console / esigungwini: Wget * isixhumanisi okubonisa ngqo futhi egcwele indlela eya ifayela *.

Ukuze uqhubeke ukulanda ifayela, ukusetshenziswa: Wget -C * isixhumanisi ukubonisa indlela ngqo futhi eligcwele ifayela *.

Uma kukhona uhlu okuhleliwe izixhumanisi amafayela namadokhumenti, ungasebenzisa Wget umyalo -I filelist.txt.

Njengoba ukulanda amakhasi eWeb, konke kancane more xaka, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi nenombolo ngamathemba kwandisa kakhulu. Hhayi ukwethula imingcele ezintsha njalo kwakunesidingo ukulanda iwebhusayithi, ungakha izikripthi noma ukubhalisa wonke amasethingi .wgetrc ifayela.

Londoloza ikhasi leWeb njengendlela reference (kuyoba nzima ngiwavule emshinini sendawo), ungasebenzisa Wget -M imiyalo * isixhumanisi okubonisa ngqo futhi egcwele indlela eya ifayela *.

Ukuze leli khasi efanayo senziwa sibukwe ngaphandle kokuxhumana kwe-intanethi, ungasebenzisa Wget -R -10 -k * isixhumanisi ukubonisa indlela ngqo futhi eligcwele ifayela *.

Iphutha Ifomethi Wget umyalo ayikwazi ukutholwa ukuze kusho noma iyiphi inkinga futhi siyilungiselelo ayilungile.