Vaz-2101. I edume "Kopeika"

"Zhiguli" Vaz-2101 - eSoviet subcompact imoto, imodeli kuqala, wadala ngaphansi kwelayisense ukukhathalela Italian "Fiat" imodeli base Fiat 124. Imoto lalikhishwa 1971 kuya ku-1982, amayunithi 2.7 million kuphela zathathwa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, imoto angababaza kufanele abhekwe njengendoda kazwelonke. Ngakho izindleko umshini kwaba ngokuvumelana isimo salo. Basic "Kopeika" Vaz-2101, njengoba ibizwa abashayeli owaqala wonke umndeni ka Vaz onobuhle, lokhu okudingeka bashintshashintshe ngayo 2102, ngcono Vaz-2103, i-ithuthukiswe 2106 model 2105 futhi 2107. Bonke behamba chassis 2101 usebenzisa nemingcele futhi izici kungase kutholakale " ngisho nesenti. '

Isivumelwano ne-Italian imoto ukukhathazeka

Ngo-August 1966, uMnyango BaseMoscow Foreign Trade usayine isivumelwano selayisense nenkampani Italian "Fiat" ekubambisaneni emkhakheni ukukhiqizwa ugibele imoto. Ukuze ukwakhiwa yesivumelwano evunywe iphrojekthi phezu isitshalo eSoviet Union ukwenziwa onobuhle ezintathu prototype Fiat 124: Vaz-2101 ugibele imoto (sedan), Vaz-2102 (inqola) kanye imoto kanokusho - Vaz-2103.

"Fiat 124" kanti imigwaqo Russian

Lapho Italian Fiat 124 sathathwa emigwaqweni Russian eziningi kwemigomo ukuhlolwa, imiphumela ledvumatako. Umshini ayikwazanga eziqhutshwa ngokuqinile ezimweni off-road yase-USSR.

Inkinga eyinhloko amandla enganele umzimba ebhokisini elenziwe metal elincanyana, nokungasebenzi ezingemuva disc amabhuleki kanye imvume ongaphakeme. Umzimba nje unstuck uma ushayela phezu imigodi kanye uhlevane, isakhiwo sayo lwenzelwe the yasakazwa kungenzeka emafasiteleni phambi namawindi ezingemuva, strut mncane is eningawugcinanga "ezimazombe" umsebenzi. amabhuleki engemuva umane ayisebenzanga, kanye ongaphakeme umshini pellet olwalusheshisa imithelela pan amafutha inhlabathi kanye oluvala amasondo ophumile izakhi phambi.

Ngenxa yalokho ukuhlola imodeli esizayo Vaz-2101, izici okuyinto ayedinga ngcono, yazuza ezingemuva ukubopha sigubhu, ukuphakama Ukugibela iye kunyuke ngo-30 kwangu, futhi umzimba, esikhundleni indawo Welding, ubilise manje ngokugcwele uxhumano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, distributor Umphini injini wathutha kusukela phansi kuze, wayewenza for the lula eSoviet imoto abanikazi ababevame ngokuzimela ulungise nokusulwa valve. Inqubo yayilula, ukhiphe isihlungi emoyeni kusukela umshini emotweni lapho kuhlanganiswa khona umoya nomusi kaphethiloli futhi ikhava camshaft kuba kufinyeleleke ngokugcwele. Kudingeke ukuba uyasikrufulula ngezikulufo eziyisishiyagalombili, ngazo ukuze block injini. Ngemva kokukhipha ikhava kuskrolelwa crankshaft iphethini letsite, ngendlela eqondile, ukuze valve kuthiwa yanjalo ikhishwe. valve ngamunye lwahlolwa ukuze igebe phakathi futhi kushaft rocker. imvume kwehle noma ukwanda kwemithwalo uma kunesidingo. Uma izikhala ziye evivinywa wonke ama-valve, isivali sivalekile, setha emuva lemifanekiso air, futhi imoto wayeselulungele ukusebenza eminye.

Eyokuqala amakhophi ayisithupha imodeli Vaz-2101, lapho ethulwa isithombe esihlokweni, eqoqwe ngo-Ephreli 1970, iphayiphi ihlolwe ngo-Agasti, futhi phezu isethi, kodwa hhayi umthamo wayo ngokugcwele, esitolo zenhlangano zeza olandelayo, ngo-1971. Nakuba 172.176 izimoto zavezwa. Ngo-1972, umugqa inhlangano ivele izimoto 379.008, futhi emandleni egcwele isitshalo wathola ngo-1974. Ngokuhamba kukhiqizwe imodeli sashintsha, ephelelisiwe upende ubuchwepheshe, izinto best abakhethelwa soundproofing okugcwele ukuthuthukisa izinga jikelele induduzo.

nangenkomba

Ukuze ikhomba izimoto ezikhiqizwa efektri e Togliatti, kwanqunywa ukuba bezisebenzisa izindinganiso ezimali ngokuhambisana idokhumenti ye-Ministry of umkhakha embonini yezimoto - OH 025270-66, eyayinekheli iziqondiso imoto ngezigaba.

Njengoba efundiswa, imodeli ngalinye elisha kumelwe wabelwe ikhodi enamadijithi amane, izinombolo zokuqala ezimbili - umshini ekilasini ukuqokwa injongo yawo. Ngakusasa ezimbili izibalo - model. imoto ngayinye inikezwa ukuguqulwa eyengeziwe, idijithi yesihlanu, inombolo ezilandelanayo. Ukusebenza kwe-Vaz-2101 kwaba incike izinombolo Inkomba njengoba imishini Kwasakazwa ngokuvumelana esishintshashintshayo zezulu. Okwesithupha Inkomba sibalo lisho sezulu ngibopha: 1 - Cold, 6 - ukuthekelisa imoto izimo ngokulinganisela, 7 - version zokuthumela ezishisayo, 8 no-9 - inqolobane izikhundla nezinye ukulungiswa ukuthekelisa. imishini ngamunye zibizwa ngokuthi zesikhashana, inhlanganisela inombolo - 01, 02, 03, 04 nokunye. Njengomthetho, kwandulelwe iqoqo lettering digital ukuthi inquma isitshalo ezikhiqiza unaphakade le imodeli imoto.

amandla plant

imodeli Vaz-2101 ifakwe vysokooborotisty uphethiloli injini nomthamo 64 amalitha. a., ngenhloso umthamo isilinda ka 1300 cc. cm. Umklamo ngokuphinda nemingcele eziyisisekelo kusandile e-line, four cylinder izinjini. Isikhathi lalinabashumayeli igiya ukushayela, lo mshini tensioning, camshaft futhi Cams, okuholela ukunyakaza valve. Ukumanzisa kuqinisekisa futha okuyisa amafutha Umfutho kulo lonke uhlelo injini. Ukubandisa kwenziwa usebenzisa emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni uhlobo "emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni" afundwa ngesimiso somshini esivalekile ne nokuwela kurediyetha. Okokhelekayo ingxube fed monogastric diffuser carburetor "Weber". Ignition ukunikeza pin-uhlobo chopper rotary exhunywe ukushayela futha uwoyela. Ngokuvamile, injini kwaba okunokwethenjelwa powertrain, ukonga neshibhile silondoloze.

ukudluliswa

Vaz-2101 eyayibekwe at ibhukwana 4-gearbox nge gear okungu ezilandelayo:

• 3,75 - ukudluliswa lokuqala;
• 2.30 - yesibili igiya;
• 1.49 - igiya lwesithathu;
• 1.00 - lesine (ngqo) ukudluliswa;
• 3,87 - igiya obuyela emuva;
• igiya phambili - Iphrofayela Helical, obandakanya unomphela;
• igiya Ukuhlanekezela - oqondile;
• synchro - kuzo zonke omoya, ngaphandle emuva;
• ukushintsha control - isigwedlo ongaphandle;

Transmission ujikeleza ku lamasondo angemuva

Vaz-2101 kwaveza kuphela langemuva wheel drive samuntu. Torque idluliselwa ngokusebenzisa kushaft bendiza nokusekela ehlangene. Yokuwela nge inaliti amabombo khona phakathi hob kanye flange we igiya kwamaplanethi. Ngokusebenzisa ukujikeleza umehluko idluliselwa kuya ezimbili ezingemuva-oluvala amasondo semi-eksisi elihlobene ne imigqomo ukubopha, okuyinto nge bolts ezine abethela amasondo.

uhlelo unyathela amabhuleki

hydraulics Central, ngamapayipi ensimbi, disc calipers maphambili nezigubhu at the ezingemuva. Lona unyathela amabhuleki uhlelo Vaz-2101, ephumelelayo futhi ezakhayo okuthembekile. Front disc amabhuleki unventilated, insimbi okwakhiwa ngayo, kuhlangene ihabhu, uma mileage ngaphandle esikhundleni nge umthombo amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane 60. Caliper phambi ukubopha siqukethe amasilinda ezimbili pistons samovozvraschayuschimisya ukuthi ngaphansi isenzo wokucindezelwa wokubacindezela ukubopha pad, ngokucindezela ukuba disc nhlangothi zombili.

amabhuleki engemuva Vaz-2101, ama-drum, self umqondo babegqoka pads ezimbili, ukubopha amasilinda futhi ngqo isigubhu lapho amasondo zixhunywe. Ukuze ezingemuva isondo ukubopha izindlela yondliwa ome njengeqanda isandla ukubopha, okuyinto kuxhumeke ngekhebuli nezimo a isigwedlo-tensioner aboshelwe gumbi phakathi izihlalo eziphambili.

chassis

ukumiswa Front Vaz-2101, ezimele, liphethe iziyisikhombisa ezimbili wanyathela igibele phambi Uhlaka esebenzisa buthule-amabhlogo. I izingalo yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi uxhumeke kwi-stub oluvala amasondo ibhola amabombo. I kwesokunxele nakwesokudla isigwedlo pair ihlanganisa ekhethekile profiled ibha-roll, threaded ngokusebenzisa grommets zenjoloba. Injongo yale divayisi ukuncela kunyakaza bengaphambili ukumiswa.

ukumiswa engemuva Vaz-2101, Pendulum, eyakhiwa izingalo yokuxhuma umzimba langemuva oluvala amasondo kubakaki we lomnyango ngokuvumelana nesimiso nokuxhumana. Futhi, oluvala amasondo akha umzimba lebhokisi transverse ugongolo ukuzinza, singavumeli amasondo ukuhambisa ngendlela evundlile indiza isihlobo emzimbeni.

Bobabili ukumiswa front futhi bakhulise luqiniswe helices steel wasonta, kuhlangene dampers wokubacindezela.

Lokho okwakudingeka ukuze kukhokhwe Vaz-2101

Iningi izimoto ehla yokwakha e Togliatti, kakade izikhathi eziningana lulungiswe. Iphuzu ezibuthakathaka Vaz-2101, uqinisekise lesi sithombe, fenders phambi, okuyinto angaphansi nokugqwala ezindaweni ezingenhla lwaleli isondo, kanye imibundu, okuyinto kabi evikelwe ingress kwamanzi nokungcola. Nokho, ku-imoto yonke onokwethenjelwa namanje futhi badayise. Vaz-2101, intengo zazo kuyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwemingcele ethile, angathengwa ezandleni noma kule showroom ukudayisa izimoto ezisetshenziswa. Amanye amakhophi kahle igcinwe, izimpawu rarity kuyabiza eyanele ukuthenga kubo ikakhulu for iqoqo, hhayi uhambo. Old imoto Vaz-2101, ezidinga ukulungisa, abiza ruble angaba yizinkulungwane 20. Machines ekuhambeni, isesimweni esihle, kulinganiselwa ezibizayo ku ekupha ama-ruble ayizigidi 30-80, futhi ezingavamile, ne elingaphakathi lihle, injini bethule ebenyezelayo kuyanda Ingaphandle e intengo ruble kuze 150 000, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ephakeme.