Vasodilator - kuyini? Incazelo iqembu kwemithi

Vasodilation yinqubo ukuphumula ungqimba kwemisipha odongeni semithambo. Umuthi kokuba indlela efanayo yesenzo kanye nokusetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukwehluleka senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ngokuthi elihambisana elithi - vasodilator. Kuyini futhi lokho amathuluzi vasodilators, ukuwucabangela ngokwengeziwe.

Uhlolojikelele

Encishisiwe okukhipha inhliziyo, ukuthuthukisa ukumelwa inhliziyo, oyenza isebenze adrenergic isimiso sezinzwa futhi renin-angiotensin, kuphumele ukukhululwa kwe angiotensin II futhi norepinephrine. izinto Active uxhumano nomsebenzisi kwezinga receptor, okuholela vasoconstriction.

Isigaba sokuqala yinhliziyo kudinga indlela enjalo, ngoba ivumela ukuba silondoloze oyifunayo blood pressure. Nokho, yesikhathi eside ukuvaleka imithambo okuholela ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo congestive emaphashini bese wehlise okukhipha inhliziyo.

Vasodilators - izidakamizwa (uhlu izihloko ingatholakala izincwadi zezokwelapha ezisekelwe ekwazisweni imithi ezikhethekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezansi thina uhlu izindlela ethandwa kakhulu lokhu iqembu), esetshenziselwa ukunwetshwa imithambo yegazi. Umphumela ukuthuthukiswa nomphumela hypotensive. Okunye okubonisa ebalulekile kulolu hlobo lwemithi kuyinto ukukhwehlela eqotho. Kuthiwani uma isimo esinjalo kuzosiza vasodilators? Amalungiselelo e-ukukhwehlela inhliziyo esetshenziswa ukuze sandise izitsha yenhliziyo.

ngezigaba izidakamizwa

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izindawo embhedeni semithambo ehlaselwe surfactants, kunamaqembu amathathu vasodilators:

1. lwemithambo:
   • "Hydralazine";
   • calcium abantu abamelene nani.
2. emithambo yegazi:

• nitrate;
• sydnonimine.

vasodilators emithambo yegazi

vasodilator emithambo yegazi - kuyini? Lokhu izimbangela izidakamizwa kwehle ithoni emithambo yegazi udonga semithambo. Kuma-venule aphendule lokuhlala engezansi izinto asebenzayo ngaphandle Umthambo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, nitrate zisetshenziselwa uphumule ngemithambo emikhulu, ukwandisa esegazini, sezingeni elifanayo nasekunciphiseni umthwalo inhliziyo, ngokunciphisa isidingo esivimba amanzi nomoya-mpilo funa.

vasodilators emithambo yegazi - amalungiselelo (amagama, ngemithamo zichazwe etafuleni), okuyinto ezibhekwa ephephile yazo zonke izidakamizwa antianginal. ukungaphathwa kahle imithi kuba ezingavamile futhi ibingaba eyesikhashana ngempela.

vasodilators Arterial

Arterial vasodilator - kuyini? Lokhu ejenti kwemithi ketshezi esebenzayo lapho ephumula izicubu imisipha odongeni ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni.

Ngokwesibonelo, "Hydralazine" - umuthi kwandisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kukhuphuke igazi ligeleze nezinso ubuchopho kukhona ukuhoxiswa impendulo reflex ka spasm semithambo. Ayesetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, izinkinga unesifo sikashukela lihambisana namanye amanxusa.

Imiphumela Side "Hydralazine":

• cephalalgia;
• ububomvu ebusweni;
• ukubukeka edema;
• nokucekelwa kuwukubonakaliswa angina;
• isimo esifana omzimba izicubu erythematosus.

"Diazoxide" - a vasodilator, esetshenziselwa kuphela impumuzo esibucayi abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngemithambo yegazi, kwehlisa umfutho wegazi emva kwemizuzu 2-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ejenti kubangela ukuphumula okunamandla kwesibeletho namanzi nokugcinwa.

Calcium abamelene - iqembu vasodilators lwemithambo, okubandakanya izindlela ezilandelayo:

1. "Nifedipine" - kususa a spasm imithambo yenhliziyo, kwehlisa umfutho wegazi, kunciphisa umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo.
2. "Verapamil" - kunciphisa esivimba amanzi contractility, sivuselela inhliziyo isigqi futhi wegazi.

Amalungiselelo Uhlobo ezixutshiwe

Ezixutshiwe vasodilator - kuyini? Lokhu kusho isithako esebenzayo lapho aqede spasm kwemithambo yegazi kanye emithanjeni. Omunye eziphumelela kakhulu sodium nitroprusside. Mshini wezenzo ithi ayifane nitrate. Ukuphatha i-intravenous zomuthi kubangela nomphumela esheshayo futhi enamandla, kodwa buhlala isikhashana.

Isetshenziselwa njengoba vasodilator uma oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki inhliziyo ukwehluleka, isimo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme ku isizinda isilethikusebenza, unesifo sikashukela encephalopathy nge izimpawu. Ukwethulwa kwe-sodium nitroprusside kungabangela nesiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, isicanucanu, tachycardia.

ACE inhibitor - iqembu kusho ekuvimbeni kumiswa angiotensin ukuguqulela enzyme, ngaleyo ndlela cha ukukhiqiza angiotensin II. Ngo parallel, kuba nomphumela eqinisa of isisu. Ukwahlukanisa ACE inhibitor kusekelwe yabo isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali:

1. Iqukethe iqembu sulfhydryl:
   • "Captopril".
   • "Zefenopril".
   • "Benazepril."
2. Iqembu carboxyl:
   • "Lisinopril".
   • "Enalapril".
   • "Spirapril".
3. Phosphinyl iqembu equkethe:
   • "Fosinopril".

I ukwakhiwa ube Izinzuzo asymptomatic kwesokunxele ventricular ukungasebenzi, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kwemithambo yegazi carotid, umzimba syndrome, microalbuminuria, fibrillation atrial, isilethikusebenza, nephropathy, okungezona sikashukela.

izingane vasodilators

Vasodilators, izidakamizwa izingane ezisetshenziswa kuphela pathologies ezinzima. Njengoba ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa izindlela myotropic ( "Dibazol" "Papaverine") futhi ganglionic ( "benzogeksony").

Izingane zithole vasodilators ukwelashwa zezinzwa. Izimali okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ngcono ingqondo kwegazi, ezincane ezisetshenziswa ngezindlela "amhlophe" komzimba futhi iphimbo.

Noma yimuphi imithi ikhethwa ngamunye, kuye ngezimo zesiguli, kobukhulu ukwephula, ukuma Yiqiniso lesi sifo. Ukuzelapha is hhayi Kunconywa.