Uyini isithombe i-MRI? Lokho izifo MRI?

Ukuxilongwa izifo eziningi kakhulu nzima yokuthi ukuze ukunquma ngokunembile leyo nkinga, bheka izici zangaphandle izicubu izinguquko, izinguquko oyiyo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngendlela engcono uphethwe i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Uyini-magnetic resonance imaging

Okubona ngu-MRI namuhla kuvamile ngoba ikuvumela ukuba ngeso lengqondo cishe zonke izibilini ukubona izinguquko ezihlelekile ezicutshini futhi izitho; Ikakhulukazi, izithombe egqinsiwe we-MRI kobuchopho kakhulu nawusizo kakhulu zokuba uchwepheshe wokuhlola izimila intracranial okuba nomdlavuza ngokuphawulekayo, unhlangothi (ithuba elibalulekile ikakhulukazi ukubona isikhungo oluhambisana unhlangothi) kanye nesifo semithambo (aneurysms noma kombungu); MRI kuyadingeka, futhi ezinzima kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni.

Izinzuzo indlela

MRI ihlanganisa ukubonakala futhi embukisweni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye nokuphepha ukuze isiguli.

Inzuzo elingenakuphikwa MRI wukuthi kuyacaca ukuthi onjalo enemininingwane izithombe ezinemininingwane yezitho zangaphakathi nezicubu ingatholakala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa Ngokuphambene ejenti.

Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukuze ngeso enemininingwane Ngokuphambene isithuthukisi isetshenziswa; ikakhulukazi, uyasebenza uma ekutadisheni cerebral semithambo egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Izithombe MRI nobuchopho umehluko kakhulu ulwazi acute cerebral iziyaluyalu kwegazi, ngoba enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukulandelela izinga isitsha ukulimala kanye Ubukhulu esiqondile focus sokugembula.

Kanjani isithwebuli

Ngaphansi kwethonya oscillations kazibuthe ekushintsheni ukuziphatha ukuzulazula kwama-athomu ye-hydrogen, kusukela imodi ezinyakazayo washintsha kahle icala izinhlayiya e-nucleus ye-athomu ye-hydrogen. Ngesikhathi ukuqedwa amandla ukunyakaza ikhishwa wukukhanya, fixed kudivayisi.

MRI amasu nemisebenzi zokuxilonga okusekelwe izenzakalo kazibuthe ka resonance. Umgomo we operation ye imishini zokuxilonga futhi ekuguqulweni amasignali omsakazo esithombeni. A isignali yomsakazo eyatholakala kusukela siguqule i-magnetic resonance uHlelo LweDeskithophu Ekude.

Ngenxa izakhiwo zama-athomu ye-hydrogen, okuqukethwe okuyinto emzimbeni womuntu ifinyelela amaphesenti ayishumi of kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane kungenzeka ngaphandle umonakalo kancane empilweni.

Kakade ukuthola isithombe ngomumo, odokotela Ochwepheshe sephrofayela elihambisana yesithombe okuholela ihlaziye, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu kuyinsakavukela futhi ukubona izinguquko sokugembula.

indlela umlando

Lo mkhuba zenuzi resonance kazibuthe watholwa futhi kuchazwe kabanzi phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili - ngo-1946. Futhi okokuqala ukuthola isithombe ngosizo lobu buchwepheshe ke kuphumelele ngo-1973.

Kangakanani inhlolovo

Ngaphandle, amalungiselelo ukuze magnetic resonance imaging libukeka impela tube ewumngcingo eside.

Lapho ibekwe ngaphakathi isifundo luhlobo nesineke usebenzisa kusofa okhethekile.

Njengoba isikhathi sokuhlala isiguli unit impela high - kuze imizuzu engamashumi amane, futhi kwezinye izimo ezinzima - ngisho izimo esengeziwe ukuhlala isiguli kule "tube" kufanele kube ngcono ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphakathi idivayisi osekelwa ukukhanya bungacaci ukupholisa, ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa umoya onokuthula. Kuphoqelekile unit kumele kube ukuxhumana inkinobho opharetha cwaningo.

ukuqeqeshwa

• inqubo-MRI akufanele kwenziwe phezu usuthi.
• Ngaphambi inqubo, inhlolovo isiguli kumele asuse zonke izinto eziyinsimbi (amawashi, imigexo, hairpins, amazinyo okufakelwa).

Njengoba ehlinzwa, isiguli ukuba aqambe amanga njengoba namanje ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba kwakhiwa isithombe inhlolovo; nokuthi kuyoba sobala, ukuxilongwa esinembile futhi intando kangcono. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni lapho kunesidingo ukuze afeze cwaningo tomographic ngengane encane naye isithwebuli nochwepheshe bephoqeleka ukubeka unina.

inhlolovo Imiphumela

yi-MRI - uchungechunge izithombe, okuyinto imifanekiso egqinsiwe yezitho zangaphakathi.

Umphumela cwaningo tomographic usulungile, ngokujwayelekile phakathi kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo.

Isiguli sithola ebulawa isithombe ephrintiwe MRI, okutshengisa eziyisisekelo izithombe, ukhiye, futhi akha umbono okhokhelwayo.

Ukuze kube lula, futhi livela ezimweni eziningi, isiguli unikezwa isandla njengoba nazo zonke drive, ngaphandle kokukhetha, izithombe etholwe ngesikhathi sale nqubo. Lokhu ehilelekile kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni lapho isiguli esikhathini esizayo isicelo kulungiswa idatha etholwe sitholakele nezinye izifundiswa.

Izimpawu ze-imaging

Le nqubo kusiza ukuba izinga eliphakeme lokunemba ngeso lengqondo isimo kanye nesakhiwo:

• asebuchosheni nomgogodla;
• emgogodleni nezihlanganiso;
• akwazi ukugcina intervertebral;
• esifubeni kanye esiswini;
• Isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Isetshenziselwa sitholakele izinguquko sokugembula kulezi zitho futhi izinhlelo.

Zabonisa futhi ezimweni lapho sitholakele ukulimala kuhlasimulise akuyona ulwazi olwanele okunikezwa ze-X ray.

MRI kubalulekile ezimweni lapho kukhona izinsolo zokugula kwesakhiwo kwezicubu noma izitho.

I engavamile indlela olugxile ukuthi le ndlela kakhulu ngempumelelo ngaphezulu izicubu cwaningo esithambile.

Hhayi uphenyo usebenzisa imaging:

• Bone izicubu.
• wamaphaphu izicubu.
• Isisu tonkhe tigaba emathunjini.

Izimo kanye nemikhawulo

Indlela-magnetic resonance imaging iphephile kanye nobudala ayinakho Izimo. Nokho, eziningi Izimo isesekhona:

• Banikezwe ngokucacile lokhu nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo, it is contraindicated iziguli kokuba nomzimba kwanoma iyiphi inclusions metallic, isibonelo, izimila (isb kule ingaphakathi cranial) m. P.
• Liphinde contraindicated MRI kuba phambi kwesiguli elingenalo iwashi lenhliziyo.
• Ngokunakekela okukhulu kumele lihlolwe iziguli ezine lokufakelwa kwezitho; ezifana lokufakelwa kwezitho ngokuhlanganyela
• nobunzima Obalulekile ofeza-magnetic resonance imaging in iziguli izifo isithuthwane kanye nezinye, okuyiwona iziqephu ejwayelekile nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• Ingabe ubunzima kwezinye izimo, isici ezifana ukhuluphele.

Iqembu Izimo isihlobo kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
• Decompensated senhliziyo esiteji.
• Ukuba khona lokufakelwa kwezitho semithambo noma valve inhliziyo.
• Ukuba khona emzimbeni zensimbi zombala.

Ukuxilongwa ubuchopho zokugula

Uma kuziwa luhlolo zokuxilonga we imaging ubuchopho resonance kazibuthe (MRI) iyona luhlolo kakhulu ulwazi umbono.

Eqinisweni, MRI scan zobuchopho - isithombe Icwele.

Ngakho-ke, sibonga le ndlela zokuxilonga sezivuma, cwaningo enemininingwane iningi imfuyo ngobuchopho ukuhlonza kwezinso ngesikhathi izigaba zokuqala.

ubuchopho MRI aqalaze ukuze kwenziwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Acute unhlangothi ischemic.
2. Sinzima kuhlasimulise okulimala ebuchosheni. Lapho kuhlasimulise okulimala ebuchosheni ukuze ugweme ukwa amathambo skull samukelwa ukwenza ze-X ray ekhanda. Nokho, i-MRI, ivumela ukuba ngeso lengqondo hhayi kuphela Yekhanda, kodwa futhi isimo izakhiwo intracranial.
3. Izimpawu nomfutho wegazi ophezulu intracranial. Kulesi simo, ukuhlonza okuhlukile noma ivolumu intracranial kakhulu lula ukwakheka izithombe egqinsiwe. MRI ebuchosheni abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme syndrome ukhombe ukuqinisekisa izifo ezifana hematoma intracranial, intracranial isimila, ubuchopho ithumba.
4. Anomalies imithambo palsy.
5. ukuqapha Isimo emva kokuhlinzwa neurosurgical.
6. MRI kusiza isithombe enemininingwane bese usetha indawo kanye (e uphinda nokulingwa) Dynamics neuromas kanye okwakheke fibrosis.

Ukuxilongwa zokugula umgogodla

Magnetic resonance imaging kuyindlela enhle ukuxilonga izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo sokukhubazeka komgogodla.

Umphumela uyoba enemininingwane nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo isithombe wakubo.

MRI yomgogodla thoracic sabelwe izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu syndrome of omsakazo engaziwa kule ndawo esifubeni - ukugwema ukwakheka umdlavuza eyinhloko noma lesion metastatic.
• izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa, okuvumela khona hernia intervertebral.
• Inqubo kusebenza kokubili ngaphambi kokuba sihlinzwe futhi ngemva kwaso - ukulawula Dynamics izinqubo zokutakula.
• Ukulimala nge ukwa esolwa esifubeni - ukuze ugweme umonakalo ithambo. Njengoba tomography ihlinzeka enemininingwane layering isithombe, kuyasiza kulezi zimo kuka-X ray.

MRI we lumbar sinenai zokuxilonga kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Izikhalazo zobuhlungu esifundeni lumbosacral, ukuntuleka ukusebenza kwe-X-ray izifundo.
• Ngemva ukulimala kule ndawo - ukuze ugweme amathambo ukulimala esibuhlungu.
• Lapho kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini waphuka yomgogodla, nzima ukuhamba ithambo izingcezwana - ukucacisa sezingeni ukufuduka, gwema umonakalo cartilage intervertebral, meninges nomgogodla.
• Ukuze kuhlonzwe umehluko izinguquko esiwohlozayo yomgogodla kanye amathambo ngenxa yokucekelwa izilonda metastatic.
• izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa ekhombisa ukucasuka noma kokucindezelwa empandeni emsipheni kokucindezelwa kubangela ukuthi icaciswe; kuleli cala, i-sitholakele ukufuduka vertebral, futhi kwanele ukwenza ze-X ray. MRI yomgogodla idingekile ukuze ukuhlonza zokugula we nerentgenokontrastnyh izicubu (displacement we disc intervertebral, disc herniated, edema ukuvuvukala, ukugxisha zlib emsipheni impande isimila okubangela).