Imfihlakalo Medical: definition. Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa imfihlo yezokwelapha

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezempilo eRussia, kulindeleke ukuba ukwenza ngcono izinga lokunakekela. Kodwa hhayi indima yokugcina udlala indima ukulawulwa ubudlelwane "kukadokotela nesiguli", okuyinto namanje, maye, luhlala isakhasa. Yingakho imfihlakalo abaningi bezokwelapha - umqondo ongaqondakali futhi icacile.

izimiso zokuhle yezokwelapha

UDkt zokubuya kwabantu walahlekelwa impilo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ziba abathwali Imininingwane ezihlukahlukene abanazo, esiza aphathe isiguli. Man ngeke frank ngezihloko ezifana nabantu ongabazi, futhi lo dokotela kudingeka ukusho lutho obala. Inkinga iwukuthi, njengoba umthetho, kuba nomuntu angamazi, kodwa sithemba ukuthi ukwaziswa okunjalo siqu ngaphandle isiqinisekiso sokuthi ngeke kuzoqhubeka, ungafuni. Yini okumelwe uyenze?

It luyangenela , nokuziphatha yezokwelapha noma deontology. It ulawula ubudlelwano phakathi udokotela kanye nesiguli, nokuthi abasebenzi bayo kumele baholwe ezimpikiswaneni ahlukahlukene. Kukholakala ukuthi izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuziphatha wezokwelapha owasungulwa uHippocrates ngifunga yakhe edumile.

izimiso zokuhle Medical kuhlanganisa imibuzo emayelana nezibopho izinyathelo ukuze impilo nokuphila iziguli, ubudlelwano nezihlobo zeziguli futhi abezokwelapha wonkana, le admissibility sokuxhumana okukhipha neziguli angaphezu ibhizinisi. Kodwa eziphuthuma kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva baye baba nezihloko ezifana ukubulawa kwesiguli kanye imfihlo wezokwelapha. Lena ngempela inkinga engathí sina kakhulu, kodwa ikhambi kumele ayilungiswanga zokuziphatha kuphela. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kubonakala umbuzo wokugcina.

Yini uyimfihlakalo wezokwelapha?

Definition of umqondo ulula. Medical (yezokwelapha) imfihlo - lena lonke ulwazi ukuthi udokotela uthola imithi oyinikiwe isiguli kanye ayikwazi ukudluliselwa besithathu. Kunengqondo zonke ecacile, kodwa empeleni ngisho simple. Iningi leziguli izihlobo, abantwana, ababelethi. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka futhi umama ingane oneminyaka ukusho ukuthi ulwazi lakhe impilo atholakale ke? Noma dokotela ongasenza athule yokuthi isiguli sakhe, isibonelo, wazibona izimpawu zokutheleleka ngesifo, ngoba ngale ndlela-ke ngokungaqondile kunomthelela mqedazwe? Futhi ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi oluqondile kuyadingeka ukuze wazise abantu bangaphandle hhayi? Konke lokhu imibuto lelukhuni yokuziphatha wonke umuntu angakwazi bazinikeze nezabo izimpendulo.

Ngenhlanhla, ngempela esikhashaneni esedlule, kwaba sobala ukuthi bangakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokubhaliswa ngokomthetho lezi zinkinga. Yiqiniso, lokhu akukwenzi algorithm ecacile yezenzo kunoma isiphi isimo, kodwa Ungasetha ububanzi ukuze ofuna ukuyisebenzisa.

isiqondiso zomthetho

uhlaka lomthetho kuyimfihlo nesineke sivela Art. 23, 24 soMthethosisekelo, esivikela ilungelo nokugcina ubumfihlo bokwaziswa siqu nasesifundweni somkhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, muva Waqala ukusebenza kwenye isenzo zomthetho olawula Ukuvikelwa kwedatha, isiguli okuhambisa udokotela. Lokhu umthetho kahulumeni №323-FZ sangomhla 21.11.2011 nyaka, okukhombisa ukuthi kudokotela (yezokwelapha) ekusithekeni nokuthi likhona ulwazi. Kukhona futhi umkhuba zokwahlulela, nakuba iziphetho ngokuqinile kusukela ukuhlaziywa yayo ukwenza amanye nzima - kungcono nje kancane kakhulu.

Ngokuphathelene isimo kulo mkhakha eYurophu nase-United States, ekusithekeni ezokwelashwa kanye nemfundo nesineke ihanjiswa kancane ehlukile. EMelika, ezingeni federal, azikho imithetho, isimo ngasinye enquma ndaba nangendlela yakhe. Kepha amazwe aseYurophu, uhlala lomthetho ukuvikelwa kolwazi lomuntu siqu, kuhlanganise izimfihlo yezokwelapha eziqukethwe Criminal Code kanye nomlando wabo uya emuva ekhulwini XVII ngaphambili. Ngakho, kuze kube manje, kwamanye amazwe, njenge IFrance neJalimane, ukulawulwa ekuphatheni ulwazi ngobulili kusukela udokotela lesiguli, ngokwanele enemininingwane futhi eziqondile.

Yini ehlanganisiwe ulwazi oluyimfihlo?

ekusithekeni Nemithi - isivele ecacile, abanye idatha yomuntu siqu, isiguli okuhambisa udokotela wakho. Futhi kule nomthetho Russian uthi kwaziswa ngqo:

• yokuthi ukwelashwa ezikhungweni zokwelapha;
• esimweni empilweni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
• izifo kanye izibikezelo;
• noma yiluphi olunye ulwazi olunikezwa nesineke noma ezitholakele ucwaningo / ukwelashwa.

Abadlali main, okungukuthi, abantu abenza ukufinyelela kwi-data yomuntu, nezikhungo zezempilo zimbalwa abasebenzi, kuhlanganise ama-intern futhi kunodokotela, kanye nalabo abathola ulwazi olufana kodokotela, isibonelo, abaphenyi kanye nezinye izikhulu zomthetho.

Noma kunjalo, ezimweni ezithile, ukudalulwa kolwazi yezokwelapha kusemthethweni. Kodwa kufanele kubhekwe kabanzi.

Ukufinyelela idatha yomuntu siqu

Non-ukudalulwa imfihlo yezokwelapha ngokuvamile - kuyinto evamile. Nokho, kunezimo lapho kungenzeka Imininingwane wachazela besithathu. Lezi zihlanganisa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• yobudala wesiguli esingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15. Kulokhu, isimo ulwazi wakhe impilo udluliselwa abazali noma abameleli zomthetho.
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza. Isiguli ayikwazi inkululeko yabo ngokuqondene isimo somzimba noma sengqondo.
• Kukhona usongo olukhulu yokusabalala izifo ezithathelwanayo.
• Uphenyo ezingozi emsebenzini noma esikoleni.
• Transmission of ulwazi kwi Ukuzilimaza komzimba kwabezomthetho.
• Nge kwemvume ebhaliwe - ucwaningo.
• Exchange kwemininingwane phakathi nezikhungo zezokwelapha.
• Ukulawula izinga lokunakekelwa.
• Ngesicelo komthetho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, ulwazi olufana Ungakwazi futhi ukufinyelela izihlobo lesiguli kanye nabangani: e imvume yakhe ebhaliwe noma ngaphandle kwalo uma ebengalidluliselanga waveza isifiso sakhe sokuba Kunalokho, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu yesifo sakhe okungekuhle kakhulu. Kodwa izimiso zokuhle yezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanayo lisibeka isidingo ukubika ulwazi oluningi ngendlela ifomu olubucayi.

Imiphumela ukuvezwa

Kubonakala sobala kungani imfihlakalo yezokwelapha zibaluleke kangaka. Umthetho uvikela nokuzola izakhamuzi 'uyakulaya ukufinyelela okungekho emthethweni ulwazi lwemvelo efanayo. Iphinde sihlinzekela ukubophezeleka okuhambisana uma imfihlo awuzange ihlonishwa:

• Izigwegwe, okusho observation noma ukhuze kumqashi, ezimweni ezibucayi, ukuxoshwa kanye ukungena entry lako ncwadi umsebenzi.
• Civil - isinxephezelo isiguli ethintekile.
• Yokuqondisa (Article 13,14 kweKhodi Administrative.) - inhlawulo ruble kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 5.
• WobuLelesi (Ingxenye 2, Article 137 of Criminal Code ..), Isijeziso esiphezulu - aboshwe isikhathi esiyiminyaka 5.

On isikhathi

Ekhona umthetho wamazwe omhlaba kanye Russian alisho nenkathi ethile yesikhathi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho ukuvezwa imfihlo yezokwelapha akunakwenzeka. Yiqiniso, lokhu akusebenzi kuya Emacaleni angakajayeleki oshiwo ngenhla. Into nje ichaze ngokucacile izenzo zomthetho - the ukufa kwengane ngesifo akulona isizathu ukudalula, ukuze ekusithekeni yezokwelapha kufanele ligcinwe, bese ngemva kokumiswa Eqinisweni yayo.

ERussia nakwamanye amazwe

ISoviet Union yakuqala, ngokungafani eYurophu nase-United States, ukulawulwa wezomthetho ukufinyelela olwazini lwezokwelapha kodwa kabi athuthukile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le mithetho sezivele kwethulwa, ekusetshenzisweni kwazo ilawulwa kancane. Nokho, ukwethulwa uhlelo amabalazwe ngogesi futhi ayenqaba oluphelele lolwazi olugcinwe eHhovisi ifomu iphepha - njengoba inkambu ngokuhlukumeza yabasebenzi bezempilo, futhi ingozi nokugenca egciniwe kanye lalilifunda ulwazi lomuntu siqu kusuka ngaphandle. Mhlawumbe, uma ukuqaliswa umbono oyosisiza, umphumela muhle kabi. Kodwa uma ukhuluma nayo ngokuzibulala kancane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa izikhungo zezempilo kufakwe ohlelweni CHI.