Uthambekele komzimba? Mhlawumbe iphutha Neanderthal yakho zezakhi zofuzo

Uma ugweme izimbali zasendle, izithelo ezisawolintshi, ushokoledi noma amantongomane ngenxa komzimba nezinto, bese esola Neanderthal oyihlo, noma kunalokho, ezakhini zabo zofuzo.

Lapho siba Neanderthal ezakhini zofuzo?

Kuyaziwa ukuthi AmaNeanderthal futhi Cro-Magnons denisovtsy (okhokho abantu yesimanje) - ezingaba ezintathu ezahlukene. Pho-ke, namuhla, abanye abantu bavele ukuba noma owaseNeanderthal noma Denisovskoe ezakhini zofuzo?

I nokuhlalisana lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene yaba ngeyesikhashana kakhulu, kodwa noma kunjalo ngokwanele ukuba bahlale ndawonye ezindaweni ezifanayo. Ngaphezu ngezimpi siqu izingxabano uma imishado exubile, futhi abantwana abazalwa kubo le nzalo exubile - abathwali ufuzo njengomncane, futhi abanye. Ngemva kokufika Cro-magnon futhi Neanderthal Denisovskoe abantu maduze zinyamalale kusukela ebusweni bomhlaba, ushiya indoda yesimanje 4% yofuzo.

Yini ubuhlobo esikuzuze njengefa izakhi zofuzo komzimba?

Yokungezwani komzimba - yokusabela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni ezintweni. Uma une komzimba, akusho ukuthi une uhlelo ababuthakathaka mzimba, kunalokho, kwenzeka okuphambene. Lokhu inani elincane lomphakathi wabo ufuzo, owazithola ngofuzo ngukhokho Neanderthal, benza amasosha akho omzimba baqaphe kakhulu futhi zishesha ubudlova. Ngakho-ke, it uya hhayi kuphela amagciwane kanye nezifo, kodwa futhi inkathazo encane efana impova fluff Poplar.

Wonke umuntu okuqondene uhlanga Caucasian ngofuzo 1 kuya 6% zofuzo of Neanderthal amadlozi. Kungani kukhona ukusabela iguliswa nhlobo? Izazi zemvelaphi nenhlalo yabantu zezakhi zofuzo luye lwabonisa ukuthi indoda Neanderthal izimpendulo mzimba zenzelwe ingcono kakhulu Cro-Magnons. Neanderthal izakhi zofuzo ngofuzo kubantu yesimanje, umphumela esibaluleke kakhulu la mangqamuzana Toll-like, okuyinto ukulawula isegazini namasosha omzimba futhi ukusabela komzimba yeselula ezintweni. Ngakho, ayanda iphesenti ufuzo ngofuzo, aba maningi amathuba okuba komzimba nezinto.

Ucwaningo lwamuva zofuzo

Encwadini Uhlelo lwamuva-American Journal of Human Genetics, ezimbili ezimele futhi ezingahlobene nomunye izifundo baye bafinyelela esiphethweni esifanayo: i Neanderthal futhi Denisovskoe izakhi zofuzo kakhulu kunazo ebonakaliswa izivikeli mzimba.

Dr Michael Dannemann iye ukutadisha igalelo izakhi yokuqothulwa ka-DNA yomuntu. Weza esiphethweni sokuthi ama-receptor Toll-okunjalo kakhulu ehlaselwe allele zofuzo of AmaNeanderthal. Ngokusho nocwaningo lwakhe, 11 kuya ku-51% abantu ezakho emncintiswaneni Afrika, okungenani oyedwa allele we Neanderthal. Ubukhulu iphesenti iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuphila kohlanga lwesintu.

Ucwaningo lwesibili lwase-olwenziwa Dr. Luis Quintana-Mursi. Ukutadisha-receptor Toll-like kwaba kuphela ingxenye msebenzi wakhe wokwakha, okuhlose - ukucabangela ukuvela izakhi zofuzo ezibangela amasosha omzimba womuntu. Ngokusho kwakhe, iningi zonke, amasosha ethu omzimba uye washintsha past 13,000 iminyaka - inkathi lapho abantu kancane kancane ukushintsha indlela ukudla, ezihambayo evela ekuzingeleni futhi ubutha kwezolimo futhi isilwane ukunakekela.