Umdwebo edume kakhulu emhlabeni. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke imidwebo Russian

Ake nawe manje khumbula ezidumile kakhulu emhlabeni. Lokhu ndaba kulolu hlangothi silula, futhi ngakolunye - ngobuhlanya nzima. Phela, emlandweni isintu ku Mother Earth ngezikhathi ezihlukene futhi emazweni ahlukahlukene, ke wazalwa okuningi abaculi brilliant abashiya izwe wemisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti ongafi.

Ngempela Angifuni ukuba dedengu indiva noma yimuphi umculi omkhulu. Kodwa kulesi sihloko sizozama ukukhuluma kuphela ngalabo imisebenzi ajwayelekile hhayi kuphela yeqiniso Ongoti, abaculi kanye bemisebenzi yobuciko, kodwa futhi iningi ngokuphelele abantu elula emhlabeni.

Enjalo, isibonelo, ezinye izithombe da Vinci, uRaphael Botticelli, Van Gogh, Salvador Dali, Charles Bryullova Ayvazovski, Kustodieva et al. Umsebenzi wabo libhalwe amakhalenda, omagazini, izincwadi namabhukwana, eshicilelwe amanani amakhulu yakhiwe, agqoke njalo ezikrinini TV. Eqinisweni, abazijwayele kithi kusuka ebuntwaneni.

Imidwebo ngu uLeonardo da Vinci

Ukukhuluma ngesithombe edume kakhulu emhlabeni kakhulu ukukholelwa ngaphandle kwegama yobuciko ezifana yobuciko yezwe, njengoba edume "Mona Lisa", "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina", "Madonna Litta", "Lady nge Ermine", eyabhalwa omkhulu uLeonardo da Vinci. Kusukela kulolu hlu, amagama okuqala amabili ivelele ikakhulukazi. Beautiful futhi engaqondakali "Mona Lisa" sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaningi, emomotheka esiyingqayizivele ezindebeni zakhe, buthule bebuka kuyize baleli zwe - phakathi kwabantu eziphucuzekile, ngisho nalowo owayeyoba angikaze ngimbone lesi sithombe?

Kukholakala ukuthi on ngendwangu okubonisa Lisa Gherardini - inkosikazi ethile nesizotha-Florentine abacebile yomthengisi okuthiwa Francesco del Giocondo. Manje uyazi ukuthi livelaphi igama ngale ndlela engavamile Kwesimo lapho - "Mona Lisa"? A sithombe ngesineke emhlabeni iminyaka 1503-1505. Namuhla iskripthi wakhe oyigugu kungabonwa mathupha kule Louvre. Kukhona portrait kuthé elivikelwe obukhulu ichashazi-ubufakazi ingilazi, futhi kuba njalo isixuku eduze eziningi abantu. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba abantu namanje zehlulekile ukuchaza smile imfihlo we lady.

Da Vinci imidwebo ziyigugu kwaba yilowo nalowo, abakwazi ngisho ukuthenga imali eningi. Kodwa zikhona phakathi imisebenzi yakhe umkhiqizo ekhethekile - a Umfanekiso olunothile "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina". Isikhathi indalo yayo: iminyaka 1495-1498, futhi lalotshwa inkosi oda isonto Refectory Santa Maria delle grazie, okuyinto elisedolobheni ekhazimulayo Italy, eMilan. Uzungu okubonisa omunye izenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wesintu - isidlo sokugcina sakusihlwa uJesu nabafundi bakhe abayishumi nambili. A impumelelo enkulu ukuthi restorers wakwazi ukulondoloza mural izikhathi zethu, njengoba sisakazwe kabanzi Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngenkathi besebenza kukho, ULeonardo waziphatha ucwaningo ngopende kanye primer odongeni, kamuva kwacekela phansi ngokushesha ungqimba upende.

Raphael usebenza

umculi Ngokulandelayo, okungase kusho ngaphandle ihaba ukuthi ushiye ngemuva isithombe edume kakhulu emhlabeni - Yebo, Rafael uSanti - umdwebi, owayehlala e-Italy esuka 1483 kuya 1520. Omunye imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke futhi ethandwa - "eSistine Madonna", njengelinye lamazwe okudaliwe ebabazekayo ephelele kakhulu futhi amazing ezake wadala ngesandla womuntu.

Omunye imisebenzi abadumile amakhosi - omkhulu (770 kuya ku-500 cm) Umfanekiso "Isikole-Athene" kwakhiwa, kuhlobisa kwelinye lamakamelo isimo Vatican Palace. Phakathi izingcezu eziningi isithombe ungabona ongqondongqondo ezinkulu lwesintu, njengoba Pythagoras, esingumGreki, uSocrates, uDiogenes, u-Aristotle, uPlato. Phakathi zefilosofi Rafael kuvezwa yena kanye indlovukazi yakhe enhle Margherita.

esingenakuqhathaniswa Botticelli

Ucabangani, elisebenza nathi okulandelayo "Isithombe Izithombe abaculi abadumile kakhulu ezweni '? Lo msebenzi emangalisa futhi ethereal ka Sandro Botticelli. Sithi kuphela ezimbili ngendalo yakhe, okuyizinto ajwayelekile kubo bonke: "Ukuzalwa Venus" futhi useyili ku oluveza abadumile azibeke ezintathu - "Spring". Futhi yena nabanye isithombe ihubo ukuze ubuhle isifazane. Ayikho enye inkosi ayikwazanga uthwebule kuze kube manje e upende nezithombe ezivusa ugqozi futhi esankondlo abesifazane.

muse Umculi kwakuyisipho florentiyka abasha amahle othandekayo Dzhuliano Medichi - Simonetta Vespucci. Kwaba izici obucayi wakhe ukubukeka eyinkimbinkimbi kithi kusukela kudala.

imidwebo Impressionist

Awu, manje sekuyisikhathi cabanga Impressionism. Lokhu ukuhamba kwezobuciko eladabuka naseFrance 19 ngasekupheleni - ekuqaleni kwelama-20. Abaculi ukusebenza ngale ndlela, okuningi lokusungula, futhi ngayinye kuwo ufanelwe ingxoxo ehlukile. Kulesi sihloko esifanayo sizoxoxa mayelana ezidumile kakhulu Monet, amela sombuso Impressionism futhi ubhekwa abasunguli balo. Lokhu wizadi kufakwe amaqoqo iminyuziyamu ezinkulu e-Paris, Berlin, eSt Petersburg nakwamanye amadolobha emhlabeni.

Umphakathi jikelele kahle ujwayelene isithombe ezinjalo Claude Monet ngokuthi "Pond nge iminduze" futhi "amanzi weMinduze." Umdwebi okuye kwabhalwa ongakhetha eziningi ukusebenza zizathu.

Van Gogh - umculi, ogama imidwebo eqolo emhlabeni

Cishe Van Gogh kwaba umculi asebenzayo kakhulu emlandweni wesintu. ifa lakhe emhlabeni 800 imidwebo nezithombe eziningi. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke Van Gogh Umdwebo - lena mhlawumbe "Sunflowers". Kuyaziwa ukuthi inkosi okuye kwabhalwa 7 kulolu chungechunge namanje Lifes. Kodwa kuze kube manje sesihlala 5 kuphela, futhi imidwebo ngamunye lilinganiselwa njengoba idayimane eqolo. Vele lokucabanga: esikhathini sakhe Van uGogi ephethwe ukuthengisa umsebenzi wakhe eyodwa kuphela, nokuthi i-amapeni nje, futhi manje intengo imidwebo yakhe endalini lephula wonke amarekhodi.

Enye edume kunazo Van Gogh Umdwebo - kumnandi Umdwebo enkulu "Ogcwele Izinkanyezi ebusuku". Lo msebenzi zithandwa kakhulu kangangokuba namuhla-Inthanethi kungatholakala ngisho version yakhe opopayi. Van Gogh mdwebo abanamakhono futhi yokuqala, ngisho ngesimo yakhiwe ngakho ingabonwa unomphela.

Amaphupho, ethumba ngendwangu

Ekhuluma ezidumile eziningi zomhlaba, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa umsebenzi umsunguli surrealism, Salvador Dali. Kukholakala ukuthi imidwebo ethandwa kakhulu yi-lomculi "Ukuphikelela memory", elibonisa iwashi ngesimo Amatshwayo ukugeleza esingapheliyo isikhathi. Eyihlane lolwandle kude lifanekisela ubuze, okuyinto, ngokusho uDali, wayevame wazizwa eyedwa.

Nokho, lesi akusona umsebenzi kuphela ethandwa surrealist. imidwebo ezingengaphansi ezidumile kungenziwa kubhekwe "Leda Atomica", "umbono ka kulwiwa," "Burning Indlulamithi", "Dream".

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke imidwebo Russian

Kuze kube manje kulesi sihloko sasilibheka imidwebo abaculi angaphandle. Okwamanje, kukhona izithombe eziningi, eyabhalwa bakithi omkhulu, okuyizinto athandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. IRussia njalo kwadingeka eziningi abaculi abanamakhono. Futhi uma eziningi yobuciko yobuciko emhlabeni ukuze azibonele kanzima ngokwanele, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi phesheya, okwangempela of abadwebi isiRashiya, siyakwazi ukubona iminyuziyamu eminingi ezweni lethu, isibonelo, kule Tretyakov Igalari eMoscow.

Nasi isithombe Tretyakov Gallery, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke, njengoba senza, futhi phesheya: "Amaqhawe ezintathu" (V Vasnetsov), "Ivan Grozny nendodana yakhe u-Ivan" (I. Repin), "Demon Ihlezi" (M. Vrubel) "i ukubukeka kaKristu kubantu (Ivanov)," Ntombazane nge amapentshisi "(I. Repin)," Ekuseni endaweni ehlathini "(Shishkin)," egcekeni eMoscow "(V Polenov)," i Ehlasela Ingabe kufika " (A. Savrassov) nabanye.

kustodievskie ubuhle

Eceleni ufuna ukukhuluma ngomsebenzi nezwe odumile umculi Russian Boris Kustodiev - okungekho muntu owayengakwenza ngayo okumnandi kangaka futhi kahle ukutshela esebenzisa imidwebo zokuphila Russian, oluyimfihlakalo umphefumulo Russian. Ubani phakathi kwethu ongakaze umxhwele ubuhle Samovar portly ( "Umfazi I-Merchant nganoma Itiye"), noma ubusha okwakhayo-ngesihluku egcwele, intokazi e bathhouse emzaneni ( "Venus Russian").

Nazi ukuthi angobani amagama abanye imisebenzi ethandwa somculi yasekuqaleni: "Winter", "umfanekiso Fedora Shalyapina", "haymaking", "Umfazi-Merchant sika ngokuthenga zabo," "Fair," "ababhukudi", "Carnival".

"Black Square" by Malevich

Saxoxa kafushane mayelana ezinye ezidumile kunazo isiRashiya, kodwa kwakungeke kube yinto engalungile ukuqeda sihloko, lutho ukubhala mayelana omunye wemisebenzi inkani kakhulu futhi impikiswano elafika ukukhanya okuvela ngaphansi kwesandla omunye abaculi enkulu Russian. Sikhuluma "Black Square" Kazimira Malevicha - umsunguli we ukunyakaza in umdwebo ngokuthi "Suprematism." Nakuba Malevich ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe okudala eside, wabhala eziningi izithombe, kodwa emhlabeni wonke lo esimnandi kakhulu lo msebenzi wakhe.

Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana "Black Square". Abakwazi ukubona Tretyakov Igalari, i Hermitage kanye Russian Museum. Intengo yale mikhiqizo nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu, ngokusho kongoti, namuhla kungase afinyelela Dollars kwezigidi ezingu-80..

isiphetho

Kuyishwa ukuthi kule Ukubuyekeza esifushane, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukhulume yobuciko emhlabeni ngokunyusa Rembrandt, Rubens, uKarl Briullov, uPablo Picasso, uPawulu Gauguin nezinye abaculi esihle. Imisebenzi yabo azinake, lokungekho ngephansi.