Ukuya kuphi ku-Astrakhan nokuthi yini ongayibona?

I-Astrakhan idolobha lasendulo laseRussia. Itholakala engxenyeni engenhla yedolobha lomfula omkhulu waseRussia uVolga, eningizimu yeCaspian. Umlando wedolobha waqala kusukela ngesikhathi se-Golden Horde. Esikhathini esizayo, u-Astrakhan wakhula futhi wakhula. Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, idolobha liye labona izenzakalo eziningi zomlando. Namuhla kuyisidolobha samanje esinemibono eminingi ehlukene.

Izivakashi ezafika kuqala emzini, ngokuqinisekile, ziyabuza ukuthi ungaphi ku-Astrakhan. Kunezindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo lapha, ezinye zazo zizoxoxwa kulesi sihloko.

I-Kremlin iyona okukhanga kakhulu

Isiqephu esiyinhloko esingokomlando somuzi yi-Kremlin, okuyisibonelo esiyingqayizivele sesakhiwo sokwakha isakhiwo saseRussia. Wayengumkhumbi, evikela imikhawulo yaseningizimu yezwe kusuka ezitheni eziningi (amasosha aseCrimean Khan, eTurkey-Ottomans). I-Kremlin yakhiwa engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-16. Itholakala esiqhingini, lapho kuhlangana khona iVolga nemifula eminingana emincane.

Emlandweni walo, i-Kremlin iye yaqhubeka ithuthuka futhi yakhiwa kabusha. Njengamanje kuyinkimbinkimbi yonke yeminyuziyamu-ethnographic. Ungafinyelela kuso esiteshini sesitimela ngebhasi noma ngetekisi.

Abantu abaningi bavakashela i-Astrakhan njengengxenye yohambo lwebhizinisi noma ukuvakasha kweviki. Abavakashi abanjalo banesithakazelo kumbuzo wokuthi ungaphi ku-Astrakhan namuhla, kusukela isikhathi singanciphisa, futhi ngingathanda ukubona okuthile okuthakazelisayo.

Astrakhan Kremlin njengamamyuziyamu kanye nembukiso eyinkimbinkimbi

I-museum ensimini yeKremlin yavulwa ngo-1974. Ekhulwini lama-70 leminyaka lama-XX, izakhiwo zombhoshongo kanye neKremlin ngokwawo zalungiswa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kunesimo sokugcina. Endaweni yayo (e-Artillery Tower kanye ne "Isango Elibomvu", kanye nokuphathwa kwenduna yenqaba) kukhona i-museum ethnographic. Futhi kukhona imibukiso eminingi enikezwe emlandweni wezempi.

Ukukhuphuka umbhoshongo wokubuka we "Isango Elibomvu", ungabazisa i-panorama yedolobha ne-Volga.

Ngingaphi lapho ngingaya khona e-Astrakhan? Yini ongayibona enhliziyweni yalo muzi omuhle?

Insimu yasekhaya

Itholakala eduze nendawo ephakathi yedolobha. Kuze kube ngu-1802, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Trade, noma i-Parade Ground. Ngemuva kokuhlala kombusi, isikwele sasibizwa ngokuthi uMbusi. Ngo-1884, laphinde laqanjwa kabusha futhi laqanjwa ngokuthi lihlonishwe uMbusi Alexander II. Lapha kwakuyisikhumbuzo sakhe, esakhiwe ngumakhi we- AM Opekushin. Kwakungaleso sikhathi endaweni yepaki eyakhiwa, eyayiyindawo eyintandokazi yokuhamba kwezakhamuzi. Kusihlwa namaholide, i-orchestra idlala epaki yabahlali bomuzi.

Ngo-1918, abasebenzi abangu-180 babulawa epaki, emathuneni amaningi, abafa ngesikhathi sokulwa nombuso waseSoviet edolobheni. Esikhathini sokuhamba ngezinyawo sichithwa ngalesi sikhathi isikhumbuzo kumbusi kwakhiwa isikhumbuzo ngokuhlonipha abafileyo. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi ingadi ibizwa ngokuthi iBratsky.

Ngo-1977, isikhumbuzo sabasebenzi sashintshwa yinto entsha, eyenziwe ngumdwebi we-GA Potapov. Ngesikhathi esifanayo engxenyeni esentshonalanga yensimu kwakhiwa isikhumbuzo ngokuhlonishwa kwamasosha afa ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Elikhulu, futhi ilangabi elingunaphakade livuliwe.

Isifunda sase-Astrakhan sidume ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemithombo yemvelo. Kodwa ngokushesha uyazisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka. Uya kuphi ku-Astrakhan ukuze uthinte ifa lemvelo lalezi zindawo ezimangalisayo?

Umlando Wamamori Wendawo

I-museum inamagatsha ayishumi nane - kokubili edolobheni nangaphandle kwayo. Kunezibonakaliso eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu. Amaqoqo aseMyuziyamu ahlanganisa ukutholakala kwezinto zakudala, izinto zasendlini, amasampula ezitho zendawo kanye nama-flora, amaqoqo e-numismatic.

I-museum yindawo enkulu yesayensi yesifunda emkhakheni wokubuyiselwa kwemiboniso yomlando. Ngaphandle kwamahholo ombukiso, kunama-workshops lapho umsebenzi wokubuyisela owenziwa khona. Kunezindawo zokubhubhisa.

Umlando wezokuthuthukiswa

I-museum yohlu lomhlaba yasungulwa ngo-1837 yisinqumo sombusi. Isisekelo sembukiso yamamyuziyamu kwakuyiqoqo langasese lesitholakele yasendulo. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yezimali ezinganele, imyuziyamu yavalwa masinyane, futhi imiboniso yalahleka.

Okwesibili i-museum yavulwa futhi eminyakeni engamashumi amane. Kwakukhona lapho ekwakhiweni kwesitolo sechweba. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinto ezihlobene nokudalwa kwemikhumbi kuLwandle lwaseCaspian zaqoqwa lapha. Lezi zibukiso azizange zisinde.

Okwesithathu i-museum yavulwa ngo-1897 futhi ikhona kuze kube manje.

Kulabo abaze emzini kanye nezingane zabo futhi bayazibuza ukuthi bangaphi ku-Astrakhan nabantwana, i-Local Lore Museum iyindlela engcono kakhulu. Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo nokufundisa hhayi kuphela kubantu abadala.

Imibukiso emnyuziyamu

Phakathi nenkathi yeSoviet, ukuvezwa kwafakazelwa ngemiboniso ehlobene nemicimbi yokuguqula e-Astrakhan. Ngo-1980, ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezimali ze-Kremlin, i- Astrakhan Museum-Reserve yadalwa . Kule fomu ekhona ngesikhathi samanje.

Phakathi kwezinto eziningi eziyingqayizivele, umbukiso othi "Igolide le-Nomads" ufanelwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezivakashi, ekuvezweni okukhona izinto zegolide nezesiliva ezivela esikhathini lapho insimu yePrikamye yayikwakhiwe yizizwe zaseSaulomat-Sarmatian ezazihola ukuphila komphakathi. Ikhwalithi yezingubo zasendulo ezenziwe ngamaphekula asendulo zisebenzisa amathuluzi okuqala amanga umcabango.

Ukuvakashela umbukiso othi "The Old Past of the Earth", ungabona amahlumela ezinkomo zasendulo (ama-mammoths, amabhubesi emhumeni). Intshisekelo yezivakashi zizobangela futhi ibhiligi e-6-meter beluga, ebanjwe ku-Volga.

Cishe zonke izingxenye zeRussia zikhula inqwaba yezitshalo eziyingqayizivele. Uzoya kuphi ku-Astrakhan ukuze wazi i-flora yalesi sifunda?

Umbukiso osebenzisanayo "Isitolo sokuphulukisa" kuzoba mnandi ngokujwayela izitshalo zokwelapha ezikhulayo esifundeni sase-Astrakhan. Lo mbukiso uhlelwe usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Izivakashi kulolu hambo zinikezwa umhlahlandlela womsindo oyokutshela mayelana nemithi yokwelapha yezitshalo.

Engxenyeni yemyuziyamu kukhona izitolo zokukhumbula lapho izivakashi zedolobha zingathenga zonke izinhlobo zamakethe, ezinye izinto ezikhumbuzo kanye ne-ceramics.

Ungathola emnyuziyamu noma ngezinyawo noma ngokusebenzisa izithuthi zomphakathi.

"Baba Frosya" - i-zoo e-Astrakhan

Ungaya kuphi ku-Astrakhan nezingane bese uzithokozisa kakhulu ukuhamba? Omunye ukukhangwa komuzi yi-zoo enegama elingavamile langempela - "Baba Frosya". Ihlala ensimini enkulu. Endaweni yehektare ezimbili zitholakala ezindaweni eziningi. Kulezi zivakashi ze-zoo zingabona zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezingaphandle. Kuphelele, bahlala lapha izinhlobo ezingamashumi amahlanu. Iziqondiso zihlale zikulungele ukutshela ngabakhileyo bezoo. Ungabheka futhi imikhuba yabo, indlela yokudla.

Ngesicelo sezivakashi, ungathatha izithombe nezilwane zakho ezifuywayo ukuze uthole imali eyengeziwe. Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha ungafunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngezwe lesilwane bese uzwa imizwa eminingi ecacile.

Izakhamuzi ze-zoo

Intshisekelo enkulu kunazo zonke izivakashi izobangelwa yizibungu. Njengesipho, ungathola insiba yezinkuni noma ucezu lwegobolondo leqanda. Ungakwazi futhi ukubuka izilwane ezidliwayo - iTrot trot, ingwe. Izidakamizwa ezinomusa, ama-raccoons ahlekisayo, ama-yaks amakhulu, ama-buffalo, amabhere - akuwona wonke uhlu lwabahlali be-zoo. Ezinqolobaneni ezikhethekile zezinyoni kunezinyoni ezinamakha, ama-pheasants, ama-owls nezinyoni eziningi. E-cafe, esebenza ensimini ye-zoo, kunezilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezingavamile emasimini. I-Zoo yindawo ekahle yokuya e-Astrakhan ngoJulayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuhle kakhulu lapha.

Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabavakashi, lezi zikhangisi ezibalwe ngenhla ziyisithakazelo esikhulu kakhulu kuzivakashi zedolobha futhi zinganconywa ukuthi zivakashele. Ukuya kuphi ku-Astrakhan kuqala? Kukawe.