Ukulawula ukwamukelwa. Izindlela, izinhlobo nezilawuli izinga

Inhlangano womshini umkhiqizo, ezimweni eziningi, kufaka ukuqaliswa iminyango loMkhandlu inkampani ezahlukene izinhlobo ukulawula imikhiqizo. Izindlela ezisetshenziswa abashushumbisi Ochwepheshe, ngaleyo ndlela zingase zishintshe kakhulu. Phakathi ezivamile - ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa. Yiziphi izici zalo? Indlela yokulawula ukwamukelwa kuthinta ukwamukelwa kwezinqumo ezithile ukuphathwa kwenhlangano?

Kuyini ukwamukelwa izibonelo zalokho?

Cabanga, ukuqala amagama ikakhulukazi ezindaweni okukhulunywa ngakho. Control ukwamukelwa - kuyinto ukuhlola ukuhambisana nezidingo imikhiqizo eseqedile kule nkampani elikhiphe ngqo emizameni yokuthuthukisa nezinqubo ukulethwa izimpahla olufanele umthengi. Njengengxenye yalolu ukulawula kungatholakala amaphutha ahlukahlukene ku izigaba ezihlukahlukene inqubo ukukhiqizwa, ngokukhethekile, abaziwa lilawulwa tekusebenta.

Izinhloso ezithile inqubo okukhulunywa imbulunga kusengaphambili ubudlelwane kwezomnotho, kanye nomthetho izici ukuthi endaweni ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, ekwakheni ukwamukelwa lokulawula izinga lihilela ukuthola ukuthi ungubani uhlu ahambisanayo okhonjiwe izinkomba ukwakhiwa izinto yezindinganiso ezazihluke kazwelonke, kanye iphrojekthi sivunyiwe.

Ukuze emkhakheni wezokwakha libhekene izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu ikakhulukazi lokuhlanganisa lwezinhlobo ezahlukene ukuhlolwa. Ngakho, uhlobo kubhekwe kwezinqubo ezimweni eziningi ukwakhiwa azokusizana ukulawula ukusebenza kumiswa uhlu yonke imininingwane edingekile ukuze ukuhlolwa ezanele nesikhathi isakhiwo esakhiwe ezindinganisweni wombuso kanye nenqubo ezibekwe iphrojekthi sivunyiwe.

Cishe wonke umkhakha libhekene izici enhlanganweni sokuhlolwa ukwamukelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko sizohlola kubo kwezinye izimo.

Yiziphi zinhlobo ukuqapha?

Kodwa kuze kube yilolo cwaningo yilokhu kungenzeka kwezinhlobo ethulwa control ukukhiqizwa. Ngakho, ukusakaza ngezigaba zawo, lokusho izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko - okuqhubekayo futhi uyakhetha.

Control yohlobo sokuqala sihilela ekusebenziseni kokuhlola into ngayinye, ezifana iyunithi okuphumayo by. Inqubo ukuqokwa uhlobo lwesibili Kuphatha ukuhlola ikhwalithi wonke batch kwezimpahla ezikhiqizwa ngesisekelo imiphumela yokuhlolwa kumane nje kuyingxenye yomthwalo umkhiqizo - ngaphakathi isampula. Lezi zilwane okukhethwayo - control kwezibalo. Usikisela ukubandakanywa amasu ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa ngezinga eliphezulu ukuqinisekiswa ngemiphumela.

isilawuli Ofanele ukwamukelwa, abacwaningi abaningi uhlukanise:

- owabanjwa mhlaka eziguquguqukayo;

- ukusebenza nge nenqubo qualitative.

Bobabili izinqubo zingase zihlobane uhlobo zikhethe. Ngakho, enifeza ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa kuhilela ezimweni eziningi ukubandakanywa izindlela kwezibalo. Cabanga imininingwane yabo ethize.

izindlela Statistical lokuhlola ukwamukelwa

Kwaba namuphi kungenzeka kubangelwa ukubandakanywa izindlela ezifanele futhi, ngokufanelekile, abakhethayo ukulawula ukwamukelwa? Ngokuvamile, le ndlela kusengaphambili ukuhlolwa izikali. Ngokwesibonelo, uma maphilisi uphenyo, ekhishwe inani amashumi amaningana ezinkulungwane, bese unamathela kuzo izintambo ngokuphelele, kungaba nzima kakhulu kusukela iphuzu lobuchwepheshe umbono futhi kusukela kwezomnotho - futhi ngaso sonke ezifiselekayo. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, Izilawuli zisetshenziswa ukunika amandla, okokuqala, ukuze ukukhethwa kahle izimpahla ukucacisa, futhi okwesibili, ukuhlaziya ke usebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene kwezibalo ngoba kuhambisana nezimfuneko eziqanjwe izinga.

Le mfuneko esiyinhloko isampuli - iinthombe uhlobo olufanayo lezinto ukuthi siyothatha isikeni. Ngokuvamile e ekukhiqizweni imikhiqizo efanayo okuvela kuyo yimuphi izici eziningana kwimikhiqizo kubonisa khona naleti ngakho kulesi simo isicelo isimiso izibonelo zalokho ezifanele.

Kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo kubhekwe ukulawula ukwamukelwa ukusetshenziswa njalo nse ngokuhamba ukuxhumana phakathi komphakeli ezidayiswayo. Yileyondlela uhlelo okuhlelwe ukwamukelwa ukuhlela nezindlela ukuqapha phakathi abalingani, inquma kukhethwa tindlelanchubo ekuhloleni izinga izimpahla lomuntu ngamunye.

Kwezinye izimo, yebo, ngeziphambeko kwenzeke schema ukuthi ichazwa inqubo yezingxoxo. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye noma enye inhlangano bangase bakhethe labo nezilawuli kukhona elilungile ngokuya imodeli production, ngaphansi okhandlayo, ukusebenza kahle ekusebenziseni. Zingase zingakutholi ngaso sonke kuhambisane amathuluzi uncamela ukusebenzisa uzakwethu.

Ukwamukelwa amasampuli kungaba kwenziwe ngumuntu wesithathu. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, ibhizinisi ungumnikazi ngenkulu kunazozonke e-share capital umenzi. Kulokhu, angase abe nesithakazelo eqinisweni ungumnikazi kule nkampani wethula izinhlobo ephumelela kunazo lokulawula izinga njengoba isimo ngokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana ibhizinisi.

Njengomthetho, kwemigomo nezidingo zokukhiqiza awashintsheki ezingeni iziqondiso, okuyinto abamukelekayo ukuphathwa inkampani. ukuthuthukiswa yabo futhi bangabamba iqhaza abathintekayo nazo.

Njengoba kunjalo nezinye izinhlobo eziningi nokulawula, kohlelo kwezibalo osebenza izinga ukuhlolwa ehlukahlukene kwezimpahla. Kuyo, ngokukhethekile, kungathinta imithetho eyengamele:

- ukuthi, ngesisekelo salokho nenqubo ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokulawula ezenza izinqubo zayo;

- indlela okufanele ukucubungula idatha etholwe ngesikhathi kwamabhuku, kanye nencazelo yayo.

Yiqiniso, lolu hlelo kungabuye iyawakha ngokuhlanganyela komphakeli izimpahla umthengi. Ngu ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabo luphakathi izindlela esungulwe ukuxhuma wesithathu.

izindlela quantitative and qualitative lokuhlola ukwamukelwa

Ngenhla thina kuqashelwe ukuthi ukulawulwa ukwamukelwa libhekwa ku ezimbili izinhlobo - ambalwa kanye qualitative.

SUMMARY sokuqala ukuhlola ikhwalithi trait esithile ukuhlanganisa nge amagugu kulinganiswa. Isiphetho imiphumela isampula ukuhlaziywa wenziwa esekelwe izifundo zomkhiqizo izici, ngezinye izikhathi isicelo indlela isilinganiso.

Ukulawula ikhwalithi kungabanga ukusebenza ezahlukene lomkhiqizo ukuhlolwa izindlela, isib, ngokubala imikhiqizo ethile engaphelele ngaphakathi isampuli noma kubalwa eziningi nokushintshashintsha ngalinye umkhiqizo owodwa ezithathwe iphathi.

Plan Quality Assessment

Bobabili amafomu kubhekwe lokulawula - ambalwa, qualitative - ezimweni eziningi ziyafezeka ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi ezivamile - ikhwalithi uhlelo kokuhlaziywa izimpahla. Ngokusebenzisa umcwaningi zawo kunquma ukuthi imiphi imikhiqizo party ekhiqizwa bazivumelanise nezimfuneko esibekiwe, futhi okuyinto - hhayi ngempela.

Lapho efeza ambalwa noma qualitative ukulawula uhlelo iqinile ngumuntu abafanele isampula ivolumu, kanye nokusebenza kahle imikhiqizo series izimo ukwamukelwa. Endabeni ukulawula ambalwa lokhu kungase kube umkhawulo Amanani - letincane kakhulu, futsi kwekulu, okuvumela Balisisa izinga izinkomba esekelwe indlela yokunquma amanani ngokwesilinganiso. Uma ukulawula izinga Kwenziwa ke ipharamitha elihambisana kungaba inombolo enkulu imikhiqizo bekhubazekile noma inani eliphelele-non-conformities, okuyinto uvunyelwe kohlaka uchungechunge izimpahla.

Kuphethe izinhlobo kwezibalo noma ezinye ukwamukelwa amasampuli kuhilela kobuholi eqinile noma ochwepheshe yayo loMkhandlu izinqumo ezithile zokuqondisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Sizokwenza ukufunda lesi ehilelekile ngaphezulu.

Ukuthathwa kwezinqumo ngokukhishwa ngesisekelo ukwamukelwa amasampuli

Inqubo okukhulunywa kuzo zonke izinhlobo, isibonelo, uma kwenziwe ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa ukuhlolwa kuhilela ngokuyinhloko ukwamukelwa of ochwepheshe abaqhuba isixazululo efanele yokuqinisekisa elihlangabezana noma cha uphenyo izinkomba izinga umkhiqizo osungulwe ngesisekelo nemingcele, okuyinto eliqhathanisa izici imikhiqizo wafunda. izingxube ezihlukahlukene zoketshezi engafinyelelwa ngesisekelo cwaningo, isibonelo:

- isidingo nokwandisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza ukuze sithuthukise izinga izimpahla;

- sesimanje noma ukulungisa lemigqa ukukhiqizwa ukuze asuse zonke izimbangela zokuhlupheka bekhubazekile noma ezinye nokushintshashintsha imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa;

- isidingo izindlela ngcono ekuhloleni izinga izimpahla, kuhlanganise ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi phambili abalingani.

Imiphumela ukwamukelwa amasampuli kungathinta ukusebenza ezinye izinhlobo ukuhlolwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesisekelo izinqumo ezithathwe ngesisekelo umsebenzi ongoti ukulethwa, kungaba ngandlela-thile ukushintsha control ezisebenzayo zokukhiqiza imigqa. izinguquko zingenziwa kule nqubo ukwamukelwa, izinto, izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo lulwimi siphelile, ezisetshenziswa for ukukhululwa kwezimpahla.

Inani ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa Zamabhizinisi

Isinqumo mayelana nokuhlolwa ukwamukelwa ngaleso eqinile Ungase futhi acabangele ukubukwa lenhlangano umlingani, imiphumela amasheke esifanele, wachitha, nalapho ucabangela izikhundla nabanye abanentshisekelo, okuyinto, isibonelo, ungakwazi ukufinyelela imiphumela ukuhlolwa ukwamukelwa kwezinye izinhlangano, njengenye indlela, njengengxenye eliyifa. Lokhu kuvumela abathintekayo, kwezinye izimo batusa izindlela okusekelwe idatha etholakalayo ngawo ukwamukela izibonelo zalokho, noma okuqinile, uma esetshenziswa, kungenziwa ubuhle kule nkampani esekelwe isipiliyoni nezinqubo zemininingwane yezinye izinkampani.

Ngakho, ukuqaliswa izinga amasheke imikhiqizo phezu ukukhululwa kwabo - inqubo kungathinta hhayi kuphela ubuhlobo phakathi eqinile futhi nomthengisi. Ngezindlela eziningi, imiphumela ezithinta inqubomgomo ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi, eziseqhulwini ukuphathwa le nkampani ngokuya ekuthathweni ku nokutshala izimali ezindaweni ezahlukene ukukhiqiza, ngokusho izibuyekezo kwezimali ezithile.

Empeleni, ukulawula ukwamukelwa - ingenye ithuluzi impendulo phakathi kwabanikazi bamabhizinisi abasebenzi waqasha bangazihluphi izikhundla ezingeni lokuphatha okungukuthi abanekhono ekwenzeni izinqumo ezisemqoka ukuphathwa, futhi ezingeni wekhono abavamile, ngqo obhekene izinga imikhiqizo yayo.

Ngokoqobo iqaphe ukwamukelwa

Cabanga indlela inqubo kungaba kwenziwe Izilawuli kulezi ezahlukeneyo practice. izindlela ezifanele ingase eziqhutshwa emazingeni ahlukahlukeneko wendlela ukukhululwa yomkhiqizo:

- ku ethola ochungechungeni lwezingxenye - kulokhu eyenziwa okokufaka ukulawula impahla noma izinto, isib, lulwimi;

- ngaphakathi kohlaka ekushintsheni yokukhiqiza imisebenzi;

- tempering umkhiqizo osuphelile.

Kunoma yisiphi isigaba umsebenzi obhekene ekufezeni ukwamukelwa wokuhlola abasebenzi - ukunquma ukuthi ukuvuma maphilisi ezikhishwe noma ungayinqabela. Kulokhu, okubaluleke kuyinto inqubo nendlela yokubukisa sokunquma nenqubo yoMnyango yokuphambana noma ukungabi nesikhathi ukuze nemingcele isethi. Uma le nqubo kuba sinesandla esiqine kakhulu, inqubo control zingase zephuze, futhi kusengaphambili ukwehla ekukhiqizeni. Nokho, uma isimo reverse kungehlisa nokulawula quality, ukuze imikhiqizo umthengi ingafakwa zithunyelwa nge bekhubazekile noma ezinye ukungafani.

Ngakho-ke, ofeza inqubo control zandulelwa umsebenzi olindele ukunquma nenqubo engcono yezimpahla kokuhlola, kanye nezindlela zayo. Ezimweni eziningi, le ndlela lapho umkhiqizo kumele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile ukulawula izinga okumele asetshenziswe ibhizinisi kunqunywa ngokuhamba ubudlelwano bayo nabalingani, amakhasimende. Masitadishe lesi sici kabanzi.

Ukulawula ikhwalithi kusekelwe umbono umthengi

Ngempela, umnotho emakethe, ukuxhumana phakathi abahlinzeki kanye abathengi zidlala indima ebalulekile. umakhi Amandla singathola esivumelana ngakho nabantu umthengi-aspect yencazelo wayefisa izinga amamethrikhi izimpahla - kuphela yisici esibalulekile okwandisa ukukhula ukuncintisana inkampani. Njengengxenye abalingani nokubambisana ezindabeni ezifana ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa, imibuzo singavumelana phakathi kwazo maqondana:

- imibundu ngesibalo imikhiqizo onesici kohlaka maphilisi;

- ethize imingcele lomkhiqizo;

- ukubuya, ngempahla zinokukhubazeka nezinye lokungalandeli umthetho;

- impendulo izindlela phakathi umthengi kanye umkhiqizi ngokuya ekuthuthukiseni indlela ekuhloleni izinga imikhiqizo kanye ngcono.

Ezimweni eziningi, kuphela ngemva kokuvumela imigomo efanele yokuxhumana nabakhiqizi umthengi ukukhiqiza izindlela ezithile inqubo control, izinga Tindlelanchubo ukuhlaziya nencazelo algorithm yokwenza ukuhlola nesikhathi imikhiqizo esibekiwe nemingcele.

Kuyasiza uma sicabangela nendlela amasu ezisetshenziswa umkhuba, ukwamukelwa kuhlolwa amagatsha ahlukahlukene. Ngakho, kuvamile ukulawula ukwamukelwa ekhemisi. Hlola izici zayo.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa the ukuhlolwa ukwamukelwa Pharmacy

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi ukuqaliswa ukulawula ukwamukelwa at Pharmacy ezimweni eziningi kusekelwe zomthetho zokulawula kumiThetho ethile elawula indlela lapho kufanele kube ukwamukela imithi iyatholakala ngqo ekhemisi. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kunodokotela kuleli cala - ukuvimbela ukungena kwemithi eliphansi emashalofini ukuthi musa ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko eziqanjwe.

isilawuli Ukwamukelwa wenziwa ekhemisi, ngokuvamile ngokuhlola izidakamizwa ezitholakale nenqubo ofanayo, okuyinto kuvumelana nencazelo, emaphaketheni kanye kophawu imikhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa izinga engenziwa ahlukahlukene ekucubunguleni imibhalo zezimali, izitifiketi noma availabilty izidakamizwa passport, ungubani yezinga lazo, kanye namanye amadokhumenti efanayo.

Uma sikhuluma incazelo izidakamizwa, ukuhlolwa kuhilela ukuhlola ukubonakala kwawo, kwezinye izimo - iphunga, ukuze ivumelane emiselwe. Uma usokhemisi ophikayo ukuthi izinga lomuthi, kungaba ulithumele luhlolo elabhorethri ekhethekile. Uma ukuhlolwa ukwamukelwa olwenziwa maqondana izidakamizwa ethile, wabonisa ukuthi izinga layo alihambisani nemingcele isethi, umkhiqizo sinqatshelwe wabekwa ekhemisi ngokuhlukile neminye imithi.

Hlola Impahla kuhilela kokuhlola kuqala kunazo zonke ubuqotho bayo. Futhi lisho njengoba sifana nobuntu umuthi othize izakhiwo physicochemical.

Ngakusasa test into ekhemisi - kophawu kwezimpahla. Monitoring kulokhu kuhilela, ikakhulukazi, cwaningo kwezidakamizwa ngenxa khona amalebuli:

- igama womkhiqizo noma inhlangano eyenziwa nokupakisha yayo;

- igama izidakamizwa, isisindo salo, ivolumu kanye okuhlushwa;

- nenombolo ye-serial, izidakamizwa ukuhlaziywa;

- kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kanye nosuku isembozo umkhiqizo.

Kwezinye izimo, kwenziwe ukuhlola uma ilebula zomuthi isinyathelo izinkomba amayunithi correlatively nomunye igremu noma ngemililitha yemifino izidakamizwa zokusetshenziswa.

Mshini Kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuqukethwe amaphakheji lokuqala, lesibili, futhi iqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlola ifaka ngesiRashiya ngaphakathi iphakethe noma umqulu.