HACCP - uhlelo lokuphathwa ukuphepha ukukhiqizwa kokudla

Amandla - lena ngenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni impilo kubantu. Ukudla poisoning, futhi nanamuhla inkinga esiphuthumayo. Uma ukuthenga imikhiqizo Kudingeka nokuba ziqiniseke ukuthi aphephile futhi ewusizo empilweni. Kulesi umsebenzi kusiza HACCP - uhlelo, okusho "Hazard Analysis ezibucayi amaphoyinti okulawula".

Kuyini lokhu?

Isifinyezo HACCP - lokhu IsiZulu HACCP, okusho ukuthi Hazard futhi ezibucayi amaphoyinti okulawula. Uhlelo kuyasiza ukunciphisa izingozi nokuphepha kokudla. Lapha ikhomba izinkinga kungenzeka futhi ukuthuthukisa izinyathelo eziqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ngeke ukulimaza abantu.

HACCP - kwencazelo umthwalo izinqumo mayelana nokuvikeleka, nokuqedwa ukungaqiniseki, impumelelo ukuthi izinqumo ezidingekile zithathwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi abantu abanolwazi isihloko ukhathazekile.

Ngakho njengoba izinkampani iIgama ngokuvamile abe okunezinhlobonhlobo kunalokho enkulu izitsha, ngisho ukuthenga ukupheka, kufanele eziningi izinto zokusetshenziswa. Lokhu akuvimbeli ukuqaliswa HACCP.

Ukubukeka uhlelo

HACCP ekuqaleni zenzelwe NASA ukunikeza izazi zezinkanyezi yokuphepha kokudla ezingeni microbiological. Inhloso kwakuwukuba nempilo yabo lengenamaphutsa. Kodwa ngenkathi iningi indawo elawula uhlelo phezu umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ochwepheshe baqonde ukuthi 100% yi Siyaqiniseka kwenzeka ukuthi yokuqinisekisa kuhambiselana yonke imikhiqizo. kwavela Ngakho futhi HACCP - uhlelo thembeke inikeza zokuqapha mathupha.

Ukuhambisana nesikhathi

Ngaphakathi kohlaka Customs Union okwamanje ezisebenza isiqondiso lobuchwepheshe, okuyinto okuthiwa "Ngo yokuphepha kokudla", okuyinto umemezela ukuqaliswa nokusekelwa ku izinqubo amabhizinisi, isekelwe ezimisweni HACCP.

Uhlelo kusebenza inhlangano iIgama, okuyinto ekhiqizwa, egcinwe, athuthelwa abathengisa ngalo lokho kudla.

Regulation kwavunyelwana ngasekupheleni kuka-2011. Nokho, ukusebenzisa izimiso kudingekile, isikhungo kwesikhathi kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-February 2015. Kuze kube manje, hhayi zonke izinkampani ukusebenzisa lesi simiso umkhuba. Lezi zinhlangano abhekane izinhlawulo ezisukela ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili esigidini, noma ngisho ukumiswa womsebenzi izinyanga ezintathu.

embodiments

HACCP kule nkampani ka iIgama ezingase zithathwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ukuthuthukisa lesi simiso:

• izinga;
• ukuphathwa.

Nale imibhalo Umhlahlandlela GOST R, kanye neziqondiso ezifanele yomsebenzi Customs Union.

Okokuqala lo omunye ezimbili ezahlukeneyo kokusebenza. Ngenxa yalesi kufanele bajwayelane izidingo ezifanele. Futhi ngemva kokuqalaza isinqumo lo mbuzo, ukuziphatha kwethu nokuqeqesha abasebenzi, okubandakanya izinhlangano zama-third party nge nabafundisi abangomakad 'ebona.

Ngakho, sihlola, yini ekuthuthukisweni kanye nasekuqalisweni kokusebenza kohlelo chungechunge.

Isinyathelo 1: iqoqo

Iqembu webantfu lababili nobe ngetulu ngolwazi olufanele mayelana ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ngenqubo. It abaphathi, abaphathi, abapheki, abathengisi, abaholi komkhakha zokuphatha nokunye.

Shona likhomba iqembu zokubasiza esibanzi. Amalungu alo acele ukusizwa ochwepheshe bangaphandle. Kodwa ukunikeza ezandleni zabo ekuthuthukiseni akunakwenzeka, njengoba nje nalabo abasebenza inhlangano ukuqonda imininingwane ukusebenza. Ithimba kufanele wazi ulwazi olulandelayo:

• lapho kuvezwa ukuphathwa nokudla;
• izinto zokusetshenziswa, izithako kanye nemikhiqizo siphelile;
• chemistry jikelele eziphilayo;
• kwemishini for ukuqapha imvelo;
• eenkambisweni ISO 9001 futhi HACCP;
• phezu komthetho kule ndawo kanye nezidingo maqondana nokudla.

Isinyathelo 2: Umkhiqizo

Iqembu isebenza incazelo of izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo. Futhi uhlu uhlale zamanje. Ngakho-ke, njengoba isidingo sokushintsha yayo.

Futhi ukuhlola nomzimba kufakwe imikhiqizo. Lapho echaza ukusetshenziswa encomekayo kwethebula bese esifakiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kanjalo Isicelo sokugcina kusuka nabaphakeli, lula, okwamanje ukulawula inqubo.

Isinyathelo 3: Le ndawo kwesicelo

Ngaphezu kwalokho ukuchaza kuyinsakavukela ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. It is ukusebenza ekuhambeni noma endaweni.

Futhi ichaza kungenzeka handling nolwazi noma okungafanele kanye nemiphumela yawo. Isicelo:

• Kuhlanganisa imisebenzi okuyinto uhlelo olusekelwe;
• hhayi bedukisa futhi siqukethe ukukhangisa;
• Lichaza zonke okuhlukile.

Isinyathelo 4: flowchart

Block siqukethe ezilandelanayo wesifunda incazelo ubuchwepheshe okuyinto edingekayo ukuze ukukhiqizwa. I-Flowchart Akufanele kube nzima. Ukuze sokuhlanganiswa wakhe ukuheha abasebenzi abasebenza emkhakheni. Kuba ngcono ekulungiseleleni indlela yekubukana tintfo ngendlela Modular, njengoba ukusebenza ubuchwepheshe abe nohlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Izidlo zihlukaniswe amaqembu:

• labo okuyizinto ukushisa ngayo;
• ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa side izitsha;
• ukudla eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Futhi bamatasa ashisayo nabandayo, imikhiqizo angawodwa ebhikawozi, side izitsha, iziphuzo nokunye.

Isinyathelo 5: amaflowutjhadi, imininingwane

amasheke Iqembu Flowchart ngaphambi ingozi ukuhlaziywa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqapha inqubo, iqondise uhlelo nabadlali, ukuze sikwazi ukuqiniseka ukuthi zinembile nokuthi is hhayi ulahlekile noma yini eyayingase zibulale ngokuphepha kokudla kanye nempilo.

Uma kudingeka, imibhalo HACCP, okungukuthi flowchart namaculo ukwenza izinguquko.

Isinyathelo 6 - Isinyathelo 12: Izimiso HACCP

Bala nezimiso eziyisisekelo.

1. Hazard Ukuhlaziywa.
2. Ukunqunywa ezibucayi ukulawula amaphuzu.
3. Ukusungulwa kwemingcele ezibucayi ngamunye wabo.
4. Ukufaka uhlelo lokuqapha ngamunye wabo.
5. Ukusungulwa kweziGungu kuthathwa izinyathelo zokulungisa.
6. Ukusungula izinqubo yokuqinisekisa.
7. Olugcinwa kanye accounting.

Zonke amabhizinisi of ingozi babe uhlamvu ngabanye. Lapho eveza kubo ukuthuthukisa izinyathelo mathupha. engcupheni zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• yezinto eziphilayo - kuba phambi nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic olukwazi ukuthelela noma kubangele ukudakwa;
• ngokomzimba - khona imizimba angaphandle, okungase kuholele ekulimaleni noma kubangele ubutha;
• chemical - lezi zihlanganisa izinto ezixabana nomzimba, ezinobuthi, imithi elwa namagciwane, imithi yokubulala izinambuzane, emabhokisini amafutha imithi.

Ngemva ukuqapha ngamunye izingozi kuchazwa, bacubungula futhi esikalini ingozi.

CCV (ezibucayi ukulawula iphuzu) yikambiso lapho usebenzisa inqubo lokulawula, ekuvimbeleni, ekuqedeni futhi ukunciphisa izingozi. CCP zaso zihlanganisa:

• ukwelashwa ukushisa;
• ukuhlolwa;
• ukucubungula (amaqanda).

Ngemva sokunquma CCP asebenzelana ngayo imingcele ezibucayi. Bahlukile inqubo, kusukela Inhloso yokugcina akuyona zokuphepha. imikhawulo ezibucayi - Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa, usawoti, nokunye.

imisebenzi yokuqapha Eminye kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa iqiniso lokuthi CCP elawulwa. Ziyakwazi okuqhubekayo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile. I njalo lincike ohlotsheni kanye izici inqubo.
Uma kukhona ngeziphambeko kusukela imikhawulo ezibucayi, ukulungiswa senziwa, ngemva kwalokho ukuthuthukiswa likhona uhlelo. Kufanele uveze ukuthi izinyathelo eziphathekayo abayiswa, uma kwezinso zenzeka.

izinqubo Ukuhlola zifaka ezinye izindlela, ezifana ukuhlolwa, izilingo nokunye.

Isimiso odlule lihlanganisa nezidingo HACCP khona imibhalo futhi yomlando uhlelo. Kuba ukusebenza ubufakazi. Lowo mbhalo kufanele ngaphambilini ngendlela ukuze ukwazi ukuthola kalula ulwazi olufanele, uma kunesidingo.

Isinyathelo 13: A Guide

Lokhu umzimba lucwaningo okulandelayo.

1. Ibonisa igunya mayelana ukuphepha HACCP.
2. Yazisa abasebenzi mayelana nokwenziwa izidingo mayelana naloludaba.
3. Eyamukelwa izinqubomgomo efanele.
4. Linikeza imithombo.

Isinyathelo 14: imisebenzi olwandulelayo

Njengoba uhlelo lokuphathwa ukuphepha zokukhiqizwa kokudla izenzakalo kwangaphambilini abaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo.

1. Ukwenza imisebenzi ngokuhambisana nomthetho.
2. nokuvikeleka.
3. Ngokulandela izidingo ezifanele.
4. Ukuqapha izindawo ingozi.
5. Hlola.
6. Ukukhethwa abahlinzeki.
7. Ezokuphepha izinto zokusetshenziswa namanzi.
8. Control imikhiqizo.
9. Ukuhlolwa.
10. I ukuqinisekiswa ngayo uhlelo lokuthuthwa kwendle.
11. Pest control.
12. ukuqeqeshwa umsebenzi.
13. Ukukhomba kanye kokulandela imikhiqizo.
14. Ukuqapha imvelo.
15. Yesondlo.
16. Okunye imisebenzi.

Isinyathelo 15: Imibhalo

Ngaphambi kuyoba uhlelo lokuqinisekisa, amadokhumenti alandelayo achazwayo.

1. Umhlahlandlela Wokuphepha nekhwalithi.
2. Ukukhiqizwa izifunda, kanye izinyathelo.
3. Amarekhodi Ukuphathwa.
4. Ukulawula impahla eluhlaza.
5. Umkhiqizo Ukuphathwa wanelise izinga.
6. LokuLawulwa.
7. Ukuhoxiswa imikhiqizo.
8. UMnyango Audit.
9. inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu.
10. Imithetho yokulwa izinambuzane.
11. Imithetho yokuthi sifakwa ukuphathwa kwemfucuza.
12. Imithetho nokukhawulela ukufinyelela.
13. Imigomo magciwane kanye yokuhlanza.
14. Ukuhlaziya ukuphathwa.
15. Amanye amadokhumenti.

HACCP Certification

Okwamanje, le nqubo kwenziwa ngokuzithandela. Ezinjalo imvelo esingokwemvelo, isib eyaziwa ngamazwe ISO ejwayelekile 9001. Nokho, esimweni amazinga HACCP acace kakhudlwana. Ake sicabangele indlela ukuthi uhlelo lokuqinisekisa zokuphatha.

1. Ochwepheshe lenkampani wathumela isicelo ezifanele.
2. Umzimba isitifiketi iyohlola futhi ukulungiselela ukufika kokuphela yesivumelwano.
3. Aqokwe Commission for inqubo.
4. It ihlaziya imibhalo ahanjiswe isicelo.
5. Ngokulandelayo, aqhube audit. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi uhlelo lwakhe lokufundisa abantu pre-bavumelana ukuthi amaqembu.
6. Uma ukungafani kutholwa, ulungisa ngabo eyenziwa futhi ihlaziye izizathu ukubukeka. Kuye uhlobo nonconformities isinqumo ukukhipha noma cha ukukhipha idokhumenti.

Uma isinqumo esihle, inhlangano uthola isitifiketi HACCP, bese-ke unelungelo ukusebenzisa uphawu sokuhambisana, kanye banner ukukhangisa kusayithi.