Ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: ukuqeqeshwa ikakhulukazi, emagama kanye nezincomo

Ukuhlela ukukhulelwa - osemqoka futhi kubalulekile ukuthi kudinga zonke izinhlobo survey, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuthola phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba ekukhulelweni - indlela yokuhlola. Ngaphambi nje ebamba isisu kubalulekile ukucacisa khona amasosha rubella igciwane nezinye Torch-izifo, ukuze ucacise iqembu igazi RH Isici owakwakhe. Imiphumela eyonquma isidingo izinyathelo ezihlose ukukhula evamile futhi enganeni.

Amasosha Omzimba ukuze isibani-izifo

Leli qembu izifo kuhlanganisa:

• rubella;
• cytomegalovirus;
• herpes ukutheleleka;
• toxoplasmosis.

Lezi izifo ziyingozi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa umntwana. Ukutheleleka kowesifazane senyanga yokuqala kuholela kwasekuzalweni, kombungu futhi isisu nokuguqulwa. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba ekukhulelweni phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezi-12, futhi kangcono namanje ngesikhatsi sekuhlela.

Ukutheleleka nge herpes simplex kungabangela polyhydramnios, ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa, kwesisu, ukuthuthukiswa ukutheleleka intrauterine, nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma owesifazane onengculazi okokuqala, ingozi ukuthi ukutheleleka kuzokwenzeka ingane ifinyelela 50%.

Ukutheleleka toxoplasmosis kuyingozi kakhulu umntwana yokuthathu yesithathu. Uma umama egula lokuqala nelesibili, ingozi yesifo ku ingane ifinyelela 25%, wesithathu - ku-90%. Ukutheleleka nge-rubella ngesikhathi 4 izinyanga zokuqala zokuphila fetus siholela ekufeni umbungu, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Macro noma microcephaly, ukubukeka triad Gregg.

Cytomegalovirus kuyinto ukulimala kobuchopho yingozi ingane, ukuthuthukiswa-cerebral palsy, kwezinso kokuzwa futhi analyzer ezibukwayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba e ukukhulelwa kwaba quantified izinkomba immunoglobulin, ayisiza G futhi M. Lena indlela ebalulekile kakhulu zokuxilonga.

okulotshiweyo

Phakathi imiphumela ukuzalwa cwaningo kungaba ngesimo kukho okulandelayo:

1. IgG futhi Igm zitholiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unina babengakaze bahlangane ephethwe izifo ezifana, okusho ukuthi ukutheleleka singenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa umntwana. Izifundo aphindaphindwe njalo ngenyanga.
2. IgG futhi Igm atholakele. Umphumela ukhuluma isigameko sakamuva zalesi sithako. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze kwegazi eyengeziwe ngoba omzimba titers ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
3. IgG lutholwa, Igm akuyona itholakele. Lena kukho esihle kokubili umama nengane. Usho eside ukutheleleka.
4. IgG is ayitholiwe, Igm itholiwe. Ubufakazi ukutheleleka yamuva futhi kudinga izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuxilonga.

Ukuhunyushwa imiphumela ibilokhu kungekho umsizi udokotela-laboratory, futhi onguchwepheshe owayebiza kowesifazane inhlolovo. Ngokusekelwe izinkomba zichazwe isikimu okwengeziwe yokukhulelwa.

alloantibody

Lolu hlobo omzimba kwenzeka uma umama RH ukungqubuzana nengane. RH isici - antigen athile kungaba ku erythrocyte womuntu. Uma ekhona, ngakho egazini sibizwa ngokuthi RH-HIV, ukungabi - RH-HIV.

Uma owesifazane akanawo RH isici, futhi ingane ithole ifa lakhe kuyise, unina kuthatha ingane RH njengoba nomzimba angaphandle futhi ukhiqiza amasotsha omzimba ngokumelene abomvu egazi ashaye ingane. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa wokuqala, le nqubo ekuqaleni nje, futhi ngokuvamile akusho kuhilelani nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo, kodwa kubonakala ngaphezulu ngobudlova ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okwalandela. ekuthuthukiseni Ngakho Rhesus ukungqubuzana.

Impendulo eyinhloko emzimbeni kamama ububonisa isizukulwane Igm. Banezinhliziyo isisindo yamangqamuzana okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, abakwazi ukungena ngokusebenzisa isithiyo esinomhlapho. sensitization yesibili yenzeka ngendlela yokwenza imali ethe ongaphakeme yamangqamuzana isisindo IgG, okungase ukungena emzimbeni umbungu.

Sifo Rhesus ukungqubuzana

Ukuhlaziya igazi amasotsha omzimba Rhesus ekukhulelweni has izici ezilandelayo:

1. Uma imibhangqwana RH-negative, uphethwe akudingekile ukuba afeze.
2. Uma umama RH-negative noyise kuyigazi RH-HIV, ukuzimisela titer ka RH amasosha omzimba kumele kwenzeke e Dynamics phakathi nokukhulelwa (ngenyanga).
3. Nokuqaphela titers odlule omzimba izocacisa khona sensitization.
4. Igm awayona ingozi umntwana, futhi khona IgG uthi kufanelekile ukuba ngicacise izinkomba titer futhi okuqhubekayo zokuqapha eduze yokukhulelwa.

engcupheni kanye nezinkinga kungenzeka

Usengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa RH ukungqubuzana babandakanya abesifazane nge umlando isisu eyenga ebonwe sokukhulelwa sekwephuzile, ukumpontshelwa igazi, kwesisu wokufika khona ukubeletha okungavamile futhi ukhulela ethunjini.

Ngenxa yalokho ukungqubuzana ezinzima eba nesifo hemolytic ngayo lapho usana, okuyinto kuhambisana nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• ukuzalwa komntwana efile;
• encephalopathy;
• hypertrophy ka isibindi ubende;
• kernicterus;
• ukubambezeleka evamile entuthuko;
• esingamahlalakhona hepatic.

Kukhona izinyathelo zokuvimbela kakhulu ekuthuthukeni RH ukungqubuzana. In the ukungabikho Rhesus owesifazane ngesikhathi sakhe sokukhulelwa lokuqala iqondiswa anti-D-gamma globulin. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba ekukhulelweni Kwenziwa at ngayinye elandelayo isiqephu ukuzala, sokunquma titer izinkomba. Norm akudingi umjovo eyengeziwe ye-gamma globulin ngamazinga aphakeme, iqondiswa iphethini ethize izikhathi eziningi.

amasosha omzimba Group

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi le nkinga kungase kungabi umehluko nje ukuthi RH isici, kodwa futhi amaqembu ezihlukene zegazi owakwakhe. ukungqubuzana Iqembu lingaphansi nolaka maqondana ingane kuka RH ukungavumelani. Izinyathelo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa isimo esinjalo alikho.

Ukuhlaziywa omzimba iqembu igazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa Kuphoqelekile kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• kwesisu;
• ukulethwa sokugembula emlandweni;
• ekuthuthukiseni abruption esinomhlapho ngesikhathi ukukhulelwa odlule kanye nezingane ezizalwa;
• ukumpontshelwa igazi;
• isisu umlando.

amasosha omzimba antiphospholipid

Phospholipids ngokuthi amafutha ezakha Ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana egazi emzimbeni. Ngokuzimela ukukhiqiza abantu babo abakwazi, kodwa ngaphandle kwabo, futhi. Lezi izinto Uyi impahla kwesakhiwo, ehilelekile igazi ekunqandeni, encishisiwe ezilimele iseli izindonga, ukusekela isimiso sezinzwa.

Lapho amasosha omzimba antiphospholipid ekukhulelweni kukhona ukubhujiswa amanoni ukuthuthukiswa of antiphospholipid syndrome. syndrome eyinhloko asymptomatic, umzimba ngokushesha encishisiwe. I besibili kakhulu ngobudlova futhi igcwele ukuthuthukiswa thrombosis. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, embolism, unhlangothi, izilonda imithambo ezinkulu.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthuthukisa APS kuhambisana ingozi eliphezulu:

• izisu;
• ukuzalwa kwengane isishonile,
• hypoxia kwengane;
• anomalies azalwa naso;
• lamabutho kwanoma placenta.

ukuhlola Izici

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi amasotsha omzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, emagama oluphethwe udokotela, owesifazane ehola kubhekwa saziso kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• kwesisu komkhuba;
• khona izifo yisimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi;
• ikhanda njalo;
• thrombocytopenia;
• khona isifo so-renal noma hepatic.

Igazi ukudlula ukuzimisela amasosha cardiolipin izinkomba kanye phosphatidylserine. amanani Obalulekile omzimba akuyona isiqinisekiso ngqo ka APS. Udokotela uyakucabangela ukukhanya izimpawu emitholampilo idatha nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe. titer High kubonisa isidingo ukuqokwa antiplatelet ejenti (izidakamizwa ukuthi aqede izinqubo thrombosis).

Indlela ukuthatha ukuhlolwa igazi amasotsha omzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Ukuze imiphumela zokuxilonga kukahle, kubalulekile ukuze silungiselele impahla kocingo. izinsuku ezingu-2-3 makalahle iziphuzo caffeine, soda, okubabayo, okuthosiwe, ukudla pickled. Dlula ukuhlolwa igazi amasotsha omzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa esiswini esingenalutho.

Uma kungenzeka, ukuyeka ukuphuza umuthi. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, wazise lab, yini izindlela ezisetshenziswa. Komzimba kanye isikhathi ngemva kokuvivinya umzimba eside kukhona contraindications ukuqhuba ukuhlola.

Emva kokuthola imiphumela emagama bekulokhu Udokotela Wabesifazane okhulelwe. Ukuhlola izinkomba inquma isidingo ukuqokwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nokulungisa. Noma yimuphi engiwenzayo nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano ukuhumusha imiphumela akuvumelekile, ngoba kungamenza alahlekelwe ukuphila kukamama kanye umntwana wakhe ongakazalwa.