Uhlu izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeRussia

Far North izindawo kukhona ezindaweni sezulu abukhuni for ukuhlala nokusebenza.

Izindawo ezihlobene eNkulu yaseNorth: sezwe

Abahlukile Far North - yezindawo ezimbalwa emhlabeni lapho izindawo eziningi yayisalokhu namathafa "zasendle" nge izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo yabo enkulu Ezindaweni enyakatho. Ngakho-ke, wemigomo lehamba embili eLuhlelweni inqubomgomo Russian kwemvelo ekulondolozweni engavamile imvelo virginal Arctic North.

I engavamile kulezi zindawo ukuthi ubuhlengikazi eziyisisekelo futhi awayona inyamazane. Life ngaphandle kwabo kuyinto engacabangeki emathafeni ase. Izakhamuzi wahlanganyela ukuzingela, reindeer ezaziphila ngokufuya, ukudoba.

Izifunda eziningi enyakatho yeRussia

Ngokuhambisana Russian umthetho ezindaweni kuchazwa izimo ezinzima zezulu.

Uhlu izifunda eNyakatho Ekude:

- Islands nolwandle ku-Arctic Ocean.

- Islands Okhotsk futhi Bering iziLwandle.

- Arkhangelsk Region (Solovetsky Islands, Nenets District, Severodvinsk, Mezen, Pinega, Leshukonsky izindawo).

- Irkutskaia esifundeni (Katangsky rn).

- eKamchatka esifundeni.

- Karelia (Kostomuksha, Kalevala, Kem, Belomorsk, Louhi esifundeni).

- Komi (eVorkuta, e-Inta, Usinsk, Ust-Tsilma, Pechora futhi Izhma izindawo).

- Krasnoyarsk (Igarka, Norilsk, Dudinka, Evenki, North-Yenisei, Taimyr, Turukhansk, Dolgan-Nenets izifunda).

- Magadan Region.

- Murmansk Region.

- Sakhalin esifundeni (Oha, Kuril, Nogliki, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Okha, Severo-Kurilsk izifunda).

- zaseTuva (Todzha, Mongun-ehlathini izifunda Shynaanskaya abaphathi).

- yaseTyumen (Berezovsky, Beloyarsky wesifunda, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District).

- eKhabarovsk Territory (i-Okhotsk futhi Ayano-Maisky izindawo).

- Chukotka wesifunda.

- Sakha (Yakutia).

Okubaliwe Far North lenziwa okusekelwe khona kuzo nzima izimo zokuphila zezulu emsebenzini. Izakhamuzi kanye nabasebenzi kulezi zifunda zinikezwa izinzuzo ezithile ukuze sivale lapho sisilela umonakalo zokuziphatha futhi ngokomzimba.

Emaphandleni, eduze eNkulu yaseNorth ku sezulu

Uhlu izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude:

- Altai (Ulagansky, Kosh-Agach).

- iSifundazwe Sase-Amur (Zeya, Tynda, Zeya, Tyndinsky, Selemdzhinsky District).

- Buryatia (Bauntovsky, Barguzin, Evenki, North iBaikal, Kurumkansky, Okinsky, muya izindawo).

- Arkhangel'skaia esifundeni (Kotlas, Arkhangelsk Korjazhma, Novodvinsk, Ukuthula, Onega, Belsky, Verkhnetoemsky, Konoshsky, Kotlassky, Vilegodsky, Vinogradovsky, Krasnoborsky, Kargopolsky, uLena Nyandoma, Plesetsky, Onezhskii, Maritime, Shenkursky, Ustyanskiy, Holmogorski p-Ny ).

- esifundeni sase-Irkutsk (Ust-Kut, eBratsk, e-Ust-Ilim Nizhneilimsk, Bodaibo, Kirensk, Kazachinsko-Lensky, Bodaybinsky, Ust-Kut, lo Mama-Chui, eBratsk, izindawo Ust-Ilim).

- Transbaikalia (Kalarsky, Tungokochensky, izindawo Tungiro-Olekminsky).

- Karelia (Petrozavodsk, Sortavala, le Kondopoga, Segezha, Olonets, Pitkäranta, Lahdenpohsky, Medvezhiegorsk, Pryazha, Muezersky, Prionezhsky, Pudozhsky, Suojärvi izindawo).

- Krasnoyarsk (Yeniseysk, Lesosibirsk, Motyginsk, Boguchansky, Yenisei, Kezhemsky izindawo).

- Komi (Syktyvkar, Pechora, Ukhta, Vuktylsky, Knyazhpogostsky Koygorodsky, Sosnogorsk, Ust-Kulom, Syktyvdinskiy, Ust-Vym, Kortkeros, zintathu-Pechora, Priluzskiy, Sysolskiy, Udorsky izindawo Ust-Ski.).

- Perm (Gaynsky, Kochevsky, Kosinski izindawo, Komi-Perm wesifunda).

- ePrimorskiy Kray (. Kavalerovskii, Dalnegorsk, Terneisky, isigodi Olginsky izindawo Boguslavets, East, Aneurolepidium, Roshchino, Izmayliha, ehlathini, Ekude Kut, Ukugaya, Youth).

- saseTomsk esifundeni (Kolpashevo, Strezhevoi, Parabelskiy, u-Alexander, Bakcharsky, Kargasoksky, VERKhNEKETSKIJj, Kolpashevsky, Krivosheinsky, Molchanovsky, Teguldetsky, Chainsky izifunda).

- Sakhalin esifundeni (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Uglegorsk, Kholmsk, Aleksandrovsk, Anivsky, Poronaisk, Nevel, Smirnykh, Dolinsky, Makarov, Korsakov, Tomari, Tymovsky izindawo, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk District).

- yaseTyumen (Yugra, Uvat wesifunda).

- Tyva (Kyzyl, Bai-ehlathini, Ovyurskogo, Chedi-Khol, Barun-Khemchiksky, Pius-Khemsky, Erzinsky, Dzun-Khemchiksky, Kyzyl, Qaa-Khemsky, Tandy, Ulugh Khemsky, Sut-Khol, Chaa-Khol, Tes izifunda -Hemsky).

- eKhabarovsk Territory (Amursk Sovetskaya Gavan, Nikolaevsk-on-Amur Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Elban ngomzana, edolobhaneni Akhani, Ascension, Dzhuen, Ommi; Ulcha falling-Vanino, Komsomolsk, Sunny, Sovetskaya Gavan, Tuguro-. Chumikansky, uNicholas, Verkhnebureinsky bona. uPolina Osipenko izindawo).

Uhlu izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, omkhulu futhi ihlanganisa indawo ingxenye enyakatho nasempumalanga yeRussia.

Sebenza eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada

Far North izifunda of Russia zihlukaniswa uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi.

Abaningi izifunda kakhulu kude enyakatho yeRussia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingxenyeni ezikude zenyakatho, ecebile kakhulu kwemithombo yemvelo ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ukuba igolide, amalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, Peat, ithini, uwoyela oluthambile futhi idayimane. I voluminous kakhulu kukhona uwoyela ezihambisana igesi isizinda.

Umsebenzi North is sahlanganisa isimo sezulu esinzima. Labor iyona onhlobonhlobo imishini, ubunjiniyela, Welding, ukwakhiwa, ukufakwa, piping, usebenza yizimpahla nokunye.

Umthetho eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, isiqinisekiso kusuka kuhulumeni, izinzuzo

Zonke ophilayo kanye nabantu abasebenza ezindaweni izinzuzo okungekuhle sezulu uma esekelwe eMthethweni Federal № 122 (kusuka 24.08.2004 kwaba).

izifunda Russian we sibonga Far North kwalo mthetho enikeziwe ithuba ukuze sivale lapho sisilela lomtshikatshika abasebenzi elibuhlungu izimo zezulu futhi ukhuthaze umsebenzi wabo.

ezifana uhlelo izinzuzo kuhlanganisa:

• izinzuzo ezisebenza wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ukusebenza eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada nezindawo okulingana;
• izinzuzo kuphela abasebenzi ezithile.

Izinzuzo eziphathelene iqembu lokuqala yilezi: imali nyanga zonke akhokhe, ikhefu ezengeziwe, izinzuzo ekunqumeni isimo sokuguga impesheni, amabhonasi izinzuzo zesikhashana ukukhubazeka for ezihlukahlukene ukuthenga umuzi.

FZ ka 19.02.1993 N 4520-1 "Ngo iziqinisekiso isimo futhi isinxephezelo ..." usebenza kubo bonke abantu baqashwe noma abazisebenzayo okwesikhashana noma unomphela izinhlangano ezikhona eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, kanye nabantu abahlala kulezi zindawo (uhlu Far North echazwe ngenhla).

izinzuzo ezengeziwe

Izinzuzo, ngaphezu limelela kuphela izigaba ezithile zabantu eNyakatho Ekude: nokubuyiselwa izindleko uma ukuthuthela endaweni yokuhlala ngemva ekumeni komsebenzi, isamba semali lapho wenza inkontileka olandelayo umsebenzi omusha eside, ukubhuka wangaphambili izindlu umusa accrual isikhathi ekumisweni impesheni, kuzuzisa wonke amalungu omndeni kanye pl. et al.

Far North nezindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, zinhle ukusebenza ngomqondo wokuthi kukhona inikezwa iholidi ezengeziwe izinsuku 24 enyakatho ekude futhi 16 izinsuku - ezindaweni okulingana ke, e-kwezinye izifunda Nordic - izinsuku 8.

Kukhona kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa iholide, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-2. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi njalo eminyakeni 2 nkathi yesikhathi endleleni eya endaweni yokuphumula futhi emuva ngamaholide akufakwanga kwesikhathi sokuthatha ikhefu lonyaka futhi wakhokha imali yebhizinisi uqobo.

Abantu eNyakatho Ekude

Rich Russia enyakatho hhayi kuphela kwemithombo yemvelo, kodwa futhi ezizwe amasiko abo ehlukile, indlela yokuphila.

Far North nezindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, okwakuhlala kulo abantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene.

abomdabu basezifundeni ezisenyakatho ERussia kukhona abantu of the North, eSiberia futhi Far East: Buryats eziningi, Yakuts, Karelia, zaseTuva, Komi. Kukhona ngamanani abantu encane, abangaphezu angaba yizinkulungwane 50. Man. Uhlu izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, omkhulu. Ihlanganisa amadolobha ezingxenyeni eziningi North Russian. Ngaphezu bomdabu, abantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene abahlala futhi basebenze lapha.

Lalolo hlanga

expanses engapheli emathafeni ugcwale izizwe sikhuthazela kakhulu futhi enamandla North. Sekuyisikhathi eside bukhoma futhi basebenze lapha, wahlanganyela ukuzingela nokudoba amaChukchi, Eskimo, Koryak, Aleuts, Nenets, Evenk, Sami Nganasan nabanye. Sekukonke babengekho abantu abangaphezu kuka-300 eziyinkulungwane.

Enhlonhlweni ye-Alaska eduze River Yukon uhlalwe Eskimo. Ngaphambili, wawuhlale e-ukufudumala Ezindaweni eningizimu, kodwa kancane kancane ngelinye ngu nezizwe zamaNdiya ezazisele khona kanye onqenqemeni Zomhlaba.

Emathafeni ase-Russian siphile Nenets, amaChukchi, Lapps, Eskimo, Nanai, Koryak, Evenki nezinye izizwe ezincane, uzama ukugcina yezandla zabo zendabuko kanye nezolimo. Iningi lazo ahole indlela yokuphila ayimizulane noma ephuma kabili ayimizulane.

izakhamuzi zendawo ikakhulukazi

AmaChukchi kukhona uhlanga-Mongolian (zinhlobo Arctic). ulimi lwabaningi babantu base amaChukchi. Kancane kancane elahlekile futhi zithathelwe indawo Russian. Experience wawoyise wafundisa laba bantu ukwenza izinto ukhululekile ukuphila - yaranga (izingubo, efanelekayo belele iqhwa) kanye torbasa amabhuzu (ukukhanya futhi efudumele kakhulu kamus). Labo okhokho wafundisa amaChukchi ukugeza. Ngoba kwenzenjani? Kulezi zindawo eziningi imisebe ultraviolet, futhi ungqimba lwamafutha esikhumbeni kusiza ukuvikela ubuso ukusha eziyingozi, ngakho kuyaqabukela wageza. Impilo balaba bantu akuyona ngaphandle inyamazane. Ziyakwazi ukudla kwabo, indlu, izingubo, izindlela zokuhamba.

Leli bhokisi lukaKhisimusi abakhileyo zabomdabu ezisenyakatho ERussia kukhona isifo, eyakhiwe deerskin. Kube Eskimo nendawo yokuhlala kusukela iqhwa - inaliti.

impesheni Ukuqinisekisa northerners

Izakhamizi eNyakatho Ekude (alinganayo kubo), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlala kuphi, banelungelo:

• I umhlalaphansi singakashayi isikhathi sokuguga;

• ukwanda ubukhulu sokuguga impesheni, owasinda kuyi-nokukhubazeka.

Ekuqashweni ekuseni impesheni anelungelo amadoda engu-55 futhi abesifazane engu-50, inqobo nje uma abaye basebenza iminyaka engu-15 eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, noma okungenani iminyaka engu-20 ezindaweni alinganayo (ngenhla uhlu enamathiselwe izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude).

Futhi banelungelo impesheni umhlalaphansi, futhi abesifazane engu-50 ubudala, wabeletha sikhathi izingane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ngokuvumelana ubudala.

Ezezindlu, kuthuthwa

Migration kusukela Far North wenziwa ngaphansi Uhlelo imixhaso ukuthenga izindlu bahlali, ekushiyeni lezi zindawo. It is yimithetho:

• uMthetho Federal of 25.10.2002, № 125;

• uMthetho Federal of 17.07.2011, № 212.

Zinikeza ukutholakala noxhaso oda yobukhulu bawo ku ukuthengwa abasebenzi yokuhlala eNyakatho Ekude.

Ukuthuthela Far North eyenziwa ehlelekile ngokuvumelana isimo uhlelo.

Lolu hlu olungenhla izindawo okulingana eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, Russia kubonisa ithuba elikhulu ukuyisebenzisa njenge phansi yokubekwa obala ucwaningo ehlukahlukene. Ukuze inaccessibility yalezi imiphetho afihliwe ezingaba ezinkulukazi ngenxa indawo enkulukazi umhlaba nengcebo.