Subdural ukopha: izinhlobo kanye nemiphumela

Ubuchopho yakhiwa amagobolondo eziningana. I eyizingqabavu kakhulu kwalokhu zangaphandle. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i okuqinile. Kaningi ezahlukene ukulimala ekhanda kuholele okuvela ukopha phakathi isikhumba yangaphandle nobuchopho. Kulokhu, isisulu sitholakale "ukopha subdural." Kuyinto lokhu zokugula kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni lanamuhla.

Mshini umonakalo ukwakheka

Ukuvela ukopha subdural ngokuvamile kwandulelwe ukuhlukumezeka. Isayithi ukopha akha hematoma, okuyinto likhula ngesivinini. Iphinde uyingozi ezingase zisetshenziselwe ukuba izicubu abathintekayo zobuchopho, okuyinto zingafani luvelo kuzichaya. Umphumela yalezi zinhlelo kuyinto okuvela kwezinso zezinzwa. ukopha Massive ngokuvamile iholela ekufeni.

Eceleni ke kubalulekile ukucabangela ezingamahlalakhona hematoma subdural. Kwenzeka uma ukopha odlule kwadingeka isikhathi zinyamalale. Hematoma imbozwe igobolondo lalo, okungase bahlasele imithambo yegazi. Against isizinda esingamanga kahle idatha izakhi ngokuvamile wavele, egqugquzela Kabusha of obonakele. Odokotela aye alotshwa nezigameko eziningi of hematoma giant ezakhiwe zalolu hlobo.

Ecacisa amaqiniso ethulwa ngenhla ke kungenziwa wawuthi subdural ubuchopho ukopha kubangelwa umonakalo cortical futhi semithambo crazy. Ezimweni ezingavamile, lesi sifo kwandulelwe kokunikezwa kwe-umthambo ka uGalen noma iqembu lemithambo ephathelene nayo.

zokugula Izimbangela

Izimbangela ukopha subdural ngempela ahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwabo, ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. izingozi Car (hit "torpedo" noma kuyi-dashboard). Iqembu ingozi kuhlanganisa phambi abagibeli esihlalweni abangasebenzisi i amabhande esivikelo emotweni.
2. Ukuwa ekhanda icicles neqhwa amabhlogo nobusika.
3. ukulimala Ezemidlalo.
4. Ukulimala ekhanda sokukhiqiza non-ukuthobela imithetho yokuphepha.
5. ukulwa Domestic.

Lezi zizathu ihlukaniswa njengoba esibuhlungu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi hematoma eba Kulezi zimo kancane kancane. I emikhulu isitsha ezilimele, le ukopha bunzima kakhulu futhi ngokushesha kukhombise ngokusobala isici isithombe emtholampilo.

Kakhulu kangakanani ukuhlukumeza kwenzeka ngokumelene isizinda pathologies cerebrovascular. Lokhu kufanele kubandakanye lwemithambo useshonile nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye. Kwezinye izimo kubangelwa okuvela hematoma reception anticoagulants. Lezi zici kubangele subdural ukopha nontraumatic.

izimiso of ngezigaba

Ezichazwe zokugula sihloko ukuze uhlukanise ijubane izimpawu eziyinhloko. Kukhona amafomu ezintathu ukopha:

• acute;
• subacute;
• ezingelapheki.

Cabanga ukuthi limelela ngayinye elandelayo:

1. Acute ukopha subdural eba ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 kusukela ngosuku ukulimala. Imbangela enkulu ye hematoma kubhekwa umphumela sina profound ebuchosheni.
2. Ngesimo subacute kokuthola ukulimala ngaphambi izimpawu zokuqala izophela kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-4 kuya emasontweni ambalwa. umphumela Obungapheli akuyona eqinile ngakho. I ukuvuleka komthambo ethintekile akuyona likhulu, ngakho ukopha okuncane.
3. Izinsuku kuwukubonakaliswa amafomu ezingamahlalakhona ziyahlukahluka kusuka amasonto amabili kuya izinyanga eziningi noma ngisho iminyaka. Uma sicabangela ukulimala njengoba isibangeli ukuthuthukiswa hematoma, kulesi simo-ke kudlala indima yesibili. Ezimweni eziningi, ifomu njalo ukopha kakhulu umphumela izifo cerebrovascular.

I uhlobo oluthile ukwephulwa inquma izimpawu eziyinhloko.

emitholampilo isithombe

ukopha Subdural libhekene izimpawu ne alternation okunembile izigaba eziningana.

Ngokushesha ngemva umthelela kuhlasimulise umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi. ukuhlukumeza okunjalo kubangelwa ukusabela komzimba ukuze ubuhlungu obuhlabayo futhi kungazelelwe, Yini ekwenza ucindezeleke. Isiguli kuza ekuphileni nekucala esekhala ubuthakathaka kanye nesimo yokukhathala. Kwezinye izimo, isithombe emtholampilo is kwahambisana by ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula retrograde - short-term inkumbulo ukulahlekelwa phezu izenzakalo ezandulela ukulimala.

Isigaba sesibili libhekene isincono. Akuwona wonke umuntu ngemuva kokuthola ukulimala zilalele inhlalakahle ukuvakashela udokotela. Ukunganakwa okunjalo impilo yabo kungaholela ekulimaleni okubucayi ngaphezulu. Sikhuluma izimo lapho isisulu uthola beshayela imoto, noma uyaqhubeka ukusebenza.

Isigaba sesithathu kunqunywa ukubukeka ubuchopho, ebalulekile kanye nezimpawu meningeal. Lawa mafomu kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Cerebral, meningeal futhi izimpawu ebalulekile

Isigaba kobuchopho zihlanganisa lezo iziyaluyalu ukuthi singenzeka nanoma iyiphi enye iziyaluyalu. Nokho, ukubukeka kwabo kusikisela kuyindaba eqakathekileko nokulimala engqondweni. Okokuqala, zonke ezisulwini kukhona ikhanda eziqinile. Umuntu angaba futhi engamagovu qakala konke okwenzekayo. Isithombe emitholampilo ngokuvamile kwahambisana disorientation ngesikhathi nendawo - in a nobunzima nesineke abanazo kwencazelo usuku, indawo. Ikhanda elibuhlungu livela kanye ngesikhathi ukulimala ke buthakathaka futhi ukhula umfutho omusha esigabeni sesithathu.

Ngu ukubonakaliswa meningeal yesifo akunakubangelwa iveza izimpawu umonakalo meninges. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• ikhanda;
• nokuhlanza ayibangelwa ngokudla ukudla;
• izimpawu meningeal omuhle.

Lezi zimpawu zivame ebonwe nezinye izifo. Uma izimpawu cerebral bengekho noma oluncane, sitholakele "ukopha subdural zobuchopho" ayisekelwe.

izimpawu Focal ethulwa mydriasis sohlangothi olulodwa, kuyilapho kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukuphendula yayo ukukhanya. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela ethintekile silungise stupor - ukucindezeleka okukhulu ukwazi. Ezimweni sina ngokukhethekile, equlekile.

Ikakhulukazi izifo ezinganeni

ukopha Subdural ezinsaneni akuyona into engavamile. It is phetho intracranial lokuzalwa ukuphatheka kabi kakhulu cishe 40% intrapartum kwezinso. Esinye sezizathu esiyinhloko inothi yakhe yezokwelapha okulandelayo:

• izithelo ezinkulu ;
• isicelo intracavitary ka esebenzisa;
• Kuyashesha futhi ukulethwa fast;
• Foot / breech isethulo.

Okusolwayo izinkinga zempilo esikhathini ingane kalula kakhulu. Zonke ingane ikhaliphe unconditioned abacindezelekile. Yena akakwazi isifuba, ukugwinya. Kokucindezela zobuchopho stem hematoma kuphakamisa abafundi osuke usuvulekile, nokuquleka. Lezi izimpawu zenzeka ngezinsuku ezintathu zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Ngemva iyiphi kuhlasimulise nokulimala engqondweni kufanele afune usizo kumuntu ofanelekayo. Musa engozini impilo ungazinaki izimpawu kokuqala ukopha. Pathology Sifo kusekelwe umlando ethatha inhlolovo isiguli. Udokotela kubalulekile ukwazi lonke ulwazi mayelana nesimo ukulimala, oda ukubonakala izimpawu zokwelashwa.

Ulwazi oluphelele kakhulu kwasendaweni we hematoma ingatholakala emva scan CT. Ayikho ngaphansi ulwazi kubhekwa i-MRI. Uma usola ukopha kuhlasimulise subdural akuvunyelwe nhlobo lokufeza a wokubhoboza lumbar. Le nqubo kusho izibonelo zalokho cerebrospinal fluid ngokusebenzisa inaliti ekhethekile. imiphumela wayo ungaba engelapheki.

zokwelapha

Ngemva kokuqinisekisa sitholakele isiguli esibhedlela ngokushesha. ukopha Subdural - a zokugula sina. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba siqale imithi yokwelashwa ngokushesha. Kuphela kulesi simo kungenzeka ukuthemba ukuthi Izibikezelo evumayo.

Ukuqeda ukwephula ukusetshenziswa zokwelapha kuhlinzwa, olandelanayo. Inketho yokugcina isetshenziswa uma usayizi encane hematoma, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya i inchubekelembili sobala. Iziguli ebekiwe izidakamizwa nesenzo anti-edematous, izidakamizwa ngokuthuthukisa kwegazi cerebral futhi umzimba. eboniswe Futhi kuyinto edonsa amavithamini analgesics. Ukuphathwa kanjalo Kunconywa ezigulini esezikhulile abaye kwatholakala acute ukopha subdural, nontraumatic.

Ezimweni eziningi isifo ukuba ukuhlinzwa. Phakathi ukusebenza ukuvulwa wenziwa skull (trepanation) kulandele ngokususa igazi extravasated. Isinyathelo sokugcina ngesigezo ngalo ingaphakathi nge nosawoti, nokubuyiselwa ubuqotho Nogebhezi lwawo nokufaka amanzi ekhethekile.

Ngokuqondene seziguli ezisencane, bezama ukwelapha ngemithi. Ukungabikho Dynamics omuhle isizathu ukusebenza.

Imiphumela kanye Izibikezelo ukutakula

Okuvela ukopha ebuchosheni sihambisana ukufuduka kanye ukwephula lezinti zalo izakhiwo. ukuthuthukiswa Izifo sivame ukwenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo yokulimala kabi Yekhanda, futhi onalesi sifo ezimweni eziningi ezingezinhle. Nokho, umphumela wokugcina incike isikhathi sokwelashwa kudokotela futhi ukukhetha imithi ekufanele. Uma isisulu ukusebenza phakathi namahora angu-6 emva ukulimala, yokutakula kwenzeka e-80% amacala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sezulu kuthinte yobudala lesiguli, khona iziyaluyalu ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo kanye hematoma ivolumu.

Nzima subdural ukopha nemiphumela akulona ukuzenza athandeke. Ngokuvamile, iziguli ezinemishini kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini abagogekile noma ngisho nokufa.