Sibelius Isikhumbuzo e Helsinki: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Inhloko-dolobha ye Finland ugcwele ezinezikhoxe yasekuqaleni: Kungani kuphela "Three smith", "isakhiwo ithusi" noma "Knights Gone". Kodwa entendeni iminyaka eminingi ngokuqiniseka ophethe Sibelius lesikhumbuzo. Kuyinto lesikhumbuzo avakashelwa e Helsinki. Kodwa ngubani Jean Sibelius, futhi yena ahlonishwe ezweni lakubo?

Wayengubani Sibelius?

Lena umqambi oluvelele Finnish. Ukuze Bakwethu usho mayelana okufanayo Pushkin ngoba Russian emkhakheni tetemibhalo, njengoba babeqala umculo professional Finnish. Ikakhulukazi, wabhala Symphonic inkondlo "Finland", engxenyeni yokugcina kamuva elaba liculo olungekho emthethweni wezwe. Ukwakheka sidalwe esikhathini zokululama kazwelonke benanela umoya isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Sibelius kuyinto nombhali neminye imisebenzi eminingi yokushisekela izwe lebhalwako lephatselene nendumezulu Finnish nomlando wabantu. Abanye abagxeki babheka umsebenzi umqambi njengoba uhlobo ukushikashikeka ngenxa ukuzimela yaseFinland. Okungenani, abantu besikhathi waqonda okusebenza ngaleyo ndlela. Akumangalisi ukuthi kwaba ngemva kokufa kwakhe, wanquma sokuzakhela isikhumbuzo-Jan Sibelius e Helsinki.

i-curriculum vitae

Okwazalelwa genius ngo-1865 edolobheni Hameenlinna (esiFundazweni Southern Finland). Khona-ke le nsimu ingeyamakhosi Empire Russian. Ngu umsuka-Jan kwaba Swede. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka esemncane wayethambekele umculo: iminyaka engu-10 ubudala baze play yokuqala eyabhalwa. Lokhu kwalandelwa imisebenzi eziningana ekamelweni-wezinsimbi. Ekuqaleni, le nsizwa wangena ubuhlakani umthetho wase-University of Helsinki, kodwa ke sanquma ukungayi ngokuphambene ubizo kanye wayiswa Institute of Music. Lapho, wafundiswa ngu Martin Wegelius. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, wafunda iminyaka emibili ukubunjwa imisebenzi zomculo e-Berlin futhi Vienna.

inkondlo yakhe yokuqala Symphonic "Kullervo" ebhalwe esekelwe yeqhawe Finnish "Kalevala", waziphatha ngokuhlakanipha okungavamile. Mayelana Sibelius kukhulunywa ngalo njengoba umqambi sesithembiso esikhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, washada indodakazi umbusi Agasti Jarnefelt, owayengufakazi isishoshovu ukunyakaza kazwelonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umqambi wadala imisebenzi efana "sikaKhisimusi", "Karelia", "Spring Iculo."

Ukuhlaziywa ekufakeni kwato isiko uyachaza ukuthi kungani kamuva yamisa lesikhumbuzo ukuze Sibelius (Finland). Phela, he was fike of abameleli bhá ka-neo-romanticism eYurophu.

Ukuphela 1890 kwaba inkathi ezikhiqiza kakhulu empilweni umqambi sika. It ke livela edumile "Okokuqala Symphony" futhi le nkondlo Symphonic "Finland". Sebelius futhi njalo ibe wobuthakathaka ukusebenza ezigcawugcawu, ngakho mina wabhala umculo kwabaningi babo, njengokuthi "Kuoleme" Jarnefelt, "Pir uBelishasari" Procope, "The Tempest" by Shakespeare. Ngo-1902, Sibelius kudala "Symphony Okwesibili" futhi ngo-1903 - Concerto for Violin futhi Orchestra. inkondlo Kugcine "Tapiola" yalotshwa 1926. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-asele iminyaka 30 azidalile hhayi okunye. Jean Sibelius washona ngo kakhulu nokuguga 1956. Umqambi wangcwatshwa Yarventpyaa.

Sibelius Isikhumbuzo: umlando ekudalweni

Park lapho isinyathelo, kamuva eyethiwa ngokuthi u behlonipha umqambi omkhulu esikhathini sakhe, ngo-1945. Kodwa umqondo wokuthi lesikhumbuzo eyavela kamuva, ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngo-1960. Emncintiswaneni kwamenyezelwa, okwakubekelwa iwine Eila Hiltunen. Wasebenza phezu kwetshe lesikhumbuzo iminyaka engu-7, ngakho kuvulwa okwenzeka ngo-1967. By the way, Eila Hiltunen umsunguli nezinye izikhumbuzo eziningi elingavamile Helsinki.

incazelo

isixazululo Architect kwakuhluke kakhulu yokuqala. Eila Hiltunen wenqaba kabusha ukubukeka sculptural Sibelius. Ngokubona kwakhe, kungaba esivikelekile, futhi akunakwenzeka isikhumbuzo enjalo uye yabakhanga izivakashi eziningi. Umqondo Hiltunen kwaba ijule ngokungaphezulu: i-ekhululekile kakhulu umculi uyakwazi ukutshela umculo.

Ngakho-ke i-Monyumenti Sibeliusu zethusi ezibunjiwe, imi kanje: amashubhu mayelana 600 esimweni mpo, ashiselwe komunye nomunye futhi udale umuzwa ezinyakazayo. Lapho umoya sidlula them they imisinjwana okusikhumbuza umculo umqambi omkhulu sika. Sonke lesi sakhiwo libukeka isitho giant noma emthonjeni. Ukuze engu-50 leli thuluzi esimangalisayo esivela metal udlala behlonipha umqambi omkhulu. It kuvela ukuthi lesikhumbuzo Sibelius (Helsinki) ungabona nje kuphela kodwa futhi ukuzwa. Lokhu yikho okwenza kungafani.

Ingxenye yesibili lesikhumbuzo - inhloko ithusi lazo umqambi, esemgwaqweni eduze. By endleleni, kukhona uvezwa a Sibelius abasha, ngoba izinwele, futhi eminyakeni eyalandela, njengoba wazi, walahlekelwa izinwele zakhe. I umqophi uye owawusekelwe kuso enkathini lapho edala imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke.

I isinyathelo okukhulu lidlulisela onamandla ngempela drama umculo Sibelius sika.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Lokhu Ensemble sculptural kubangela ngididekile phakathi izakhamuzi nezivakashi inhloko-dolobha yaseFinland. Okokuqala, akubona bonke abantu uyaqonda isitayela art abstract. Okwesibili, abantu abaningi ukudida ikhanda, okuyinto amanga bazihlukanisa esiphakeme itshe. Abanye bakuthola ukusebenza ngonya okunjalo, ethi ngezingcaphuno ukuthi kwakudingekile noma iveza yobude obugcwele noma libanjwe.

Kuvela elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Eila Hiltunen uye bavuna kabuhlungu ukudalwa ngebuciko, abahola somoya umusi, okuyinto ikhishwe ngesikhathi amapayipi encibilika.

A yokuchitha isizungu intandokazi izivakashi we lesikhumbuzo Kutama yokubeka ikhanda ku ipayipi. Nokho, kungenzeka kuphela izingane kanye nabantu Imizimba obucayi, ngoba amapayipi abe ubukhulu ezincane. Endaweni efanayo, abaningi bakhetha ukuba izithombe eduze ebaziwe.

Sibelius Isikhumbuzo e Helsinki: kanjani ukuba uthole

I ebaziwe itholakala kwepaki yaqanjwa umqambi, okuyinto Itholakala enhliziyweni kwesihloko Finnish. Indlela ukumtshela kwanoma iyiphi owayedlula. Le ndawo anginikhethanga ngengozi, ngoba Jean Sibelius wahlala nabo.

Ukuze lesikhumbuzo engafinyelelwa yi ezokuthutha ezilandelayo: ibhasi (umzila №14, 18, 24, 39) noma tram (umzila № 2, 4, 8, 10). Nokho, uma inikeza waqondisa ukuhamba uhambo maphakathi Helsinki, lokhu kukhangana nakanjani omunye amaphuzu ayinhloko, ngakho uthole kukhona bebodwa akudingeki.

Vakashela inhlokodolobha Finland, hhayi vakashela lesikhumbuzo ukuze Sibelius kumane abanazaba. Ngakho uma uzithola kuleli dolobha, musa ukuphika ngokwakho injabulo bezobona ebaziwe esiyingqayizivele.