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Uma unecala uma uvula i-laptop, izizathu zalokhu zingase zihluke. Sizozama ukuwaqonda. Imishini yekhompuyutha ivame ukubhekwa ngokuhlukana okuhlukahlukene. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-laptop iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezixhunyanisiwe, kodwa izakhi zabo azizona eziqinile futhi zihlala ziqinile.

Injongo

Uma i-laptop ayiboshi, kubalulekile ukucacisa imbangela yalesi simo. Abathuthukisi bemishini banikele lokhu. Kuye kwadalwa indlela ekhethekile, evumela ukucacisa imbangela yokuhluleka nokuyibeka endaweni. Iqukethe kuphela izimpawu ezikhethekile ezikhishwe ikhompyutha. Ngakho-ke, uma umsindo othile uzwakala kusuka kwikhompyutha, lezi zindaba ezinhle, ezibonisa ukuthi idivayisi ayiphelelwa yisikhathi. Uma i- laptop ingavuli, kusencane kakhulu ukuze usabe. Cishe noma yimuphi umonakalo ungaqedwa. Ezinye iziphazamiso zingaqedwa zodwa, ezinye zidinga ukuzibandakanya kwenkosi.

Idivayisi yokufaka

Uma unomsindo uma uvula i-laptop, isizathu esivame kakhulu salokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi. Kubangelwa ukugcoba noma uketshezi oluthile. Ngenxa yalokho, oxhumana naye uyavala. Kungabhekwa njengendlela enhle uma umswakama uhlala kuphela kwikhibhodi, ungangeni ngaphakathi kwecala. Kule nguqulo yokugcina, izinkinga ezivele zingase zibi kakhulu.

Ukushisa

Uma i-laptop ayiboshi, isizathu salokhu singase sifihle ohlelweni lokupholisa. Ukugubha nge-debris noma uthuli, kanye nokulimala okwenziwe yizingxabano lapho idivayisi iwa, yiyona imbangela ye-CPU yokushisa. Uma uhlelo lokupholisa lusetshenziselwa isizinda esishisayo kusuka ekhadini elihluzisayo, lingasetshenziswa futhi.

RAM

Uma unecala uma uvula i-laptop, isizathu salokhu singase sifihleke emonakalweni we-RAM. Njengomthetho, ezimweni ezinjalo ukuphulwa koxhumana phakathi kwe-RAM nebhodi le-motherboard. Ngezizathu ezingavamile ezibonakalayo zokuvela kwezomsindo ezingaphandle uma uvula, ungafaka izilungiselelo ezingalungile ku-BIOS, ukwehluleka kwebhodi le-motherboard.

Isho ukuthini isibonakaliso?

Uma uvala uma uvula i-laptop, kungase kube nezizathu eziningana. I-tweeter encane yenza umsindo. Itholakala ku-motherboard. Ubizwa ngokuthi isikhulumi. Idivayisi ibukeka njengembongolo encane. Inhloso yalo enkulu ukukhomba amaphutha. Enomsindo oshicilelwe kukhona ulwazi oluchaza uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Uma wazi umkhiqizi we-BIOS, futhi unquma ithoni ye-squeak nobude besikhathi, kulula ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye enesidingo sokulungiswa. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana ne-BIOS, ungasebenzisa amadokhumenti kudivayisi.

Bonisa

Ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesignali yomsindo , isikrini esisekhompyutheni futhi asisebenzi. Lokhu kufanele kukhulunywe ngokuningiliziwe. Okokuqala, sihlola izilungiselelo zamandla ngenkathi kusetshenzwa ibhethri nenethiwekhi. Setha ukukhanya kwesikrini. Uma isikrini esisekhompyutheni asisebenzi, siphinde sihlole ukuthi ayisebenzi yini kuzo zonke izikhundla zekhava. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma kwenzeka umonakalo ku-loop we-matrix, ukubonisa kungabonisa imininingwane kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kusebenza esimweni sesembozo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isikrini esimnyama sibonakala kwi-laptop, kufanele sixhunywe kumqapha wangaphandle. Sihlola ukuthi isithombe siboniswa kuso. Uma kunjalo, i-loop noma i-matrix kungenzeka ibe nephutha. Uma isithombe esingekho, ukwehluleka okungenzeka yi-hardware, ikakhulukazi ikhadi levidyo. Ekuqaliseni, uhlelo lokusebenza lungabanjwa. Kule ndaba, iphutha livela ngqo ekhadini levidiyo. Uma kusobala ukuthi ukuntuleka kwenqubo ye-boot - isibonakaliso esiphethe ukusebenza kwediski enzima ayiphenduli, inkinga ingenye kwezinye izingxenye. Inkinga ingaba nayo inkinobho yamandla. Iyakwazi ukuyeka ukuphendula ekuchofozeni. Njengomthetho, lokhu kubangelwa ukungcola.

Amaphutha angavamile

Uma ubona kuphela isikrini esimnyama ku-laptop, kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza lungalandwa, kufanele ubuke ngokucophelela ukuboniswa, bese ulukhanyisa ngesibani. Uma ungabona isithombe, kodwa akukho emuva, isibani noma inverter ayiphutha. Lezi zakhi zibophezele ekukhanyeni okuqhubekayo kwesikrini. Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka ku-inverter, konke kungalungiswa futhi kufakwe esikhundleni. Konke kuxhomeke ekuqinikeni kokuphazamiseka. I-backlight ayikho ngaphansi kokuthola kabusha, okuwukuphela kwendawo. Uma isibonisi simnyama emaceleni futhi singabonisi lutho, kungenzeka ukuthi isizathu silele ekuhlulekeni kwe-hardware ye-laptop. Amaphesenti angama-60 amacala aphuliwe amavidiyo. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokushisa. I-10% - akukho oxhumana naye phakathi kweyunithi yokunikezwa kwamandla kanye ne-module module. Kulokhu, isheke eliphelele ledivayisi liyadingeka. Ezingamaphesenti angu-10%, ibhuloho eliseningizimu liyehla. Eminye i-20% yizinkinga zohlobo oluhlukile. Ukuthola nokulungisa, udinga ukuxilonga idivayisi. Ngokuvamile, i-matrix yeskrini ayigcini. Ukulimala kwayo kungenzeka nge umonakalo noma umshini esikrinini.

Izinhlobo zomsakazo

Ngesikhangiso sibonisiwe, futhi manje ubuyele emisindweni ekhishwe yi-laptop. Isignali ngayinye ithatha ulwazi mayelana nesizathu sokungasebenzi kahle. Ukumiswa komsindo kungahlukahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi we-BIOS. Cabanga ngabo ngokulandelana. Le quotation ibonisa ukulandelana kwezibonakaliso.

Ake siqale ngamadivayisi asuka ku-DELL yenkampani. Isignali "1-2" ibonisa ukungasebenzi emakhadini evidiyo. I "1-2-2-3" umsindo ubonisa iphutha kwimemori ye-BIOS enomphela. Uma uzwa inhlanganisela ye "1-3-1-1", inkinga ihlobene nokubuyekeza i-DRAM. Uma kwenzeka iphutha lekhibhodi, isignali "1-3-1-3" izwakala. Ikhodi "1-3-3-1" ibonisa iphutha kwimemori. Izimpawu zomsindo ezinjenge- "1-3-4-1", "1-3-4-3" no- "1-4-1-1" zibonisa ukuhlukana okuhlukene, kodwa zonke zihlobene nezinkinga ku-RAM.

Manje sizoxoxa nge-AMI BIOS. Isibonakaliso esifushane asikhombisi amaphutha kanye nesimo sokusebenza se-laptop. Imisindo emi-3 ende ibhekisela ku-RAM futhi ikhombise ukuthi ukuhlolwa nokufunda kuyagcwaliswa nge-error detection. Isici senkumbulo kufanele sibuyiswe kabusha. Isivivinyo 1 eside nesine-1 sibonisa izinkinga ngokudla. Uma uvula i-laptop izikhathi ezingu-8, kuyiphutha lekhadi levidiyo. Uma uzwa i-beeps emide ne-8 emfushane, umqapha kungenzeka ungaxhunyiwe. Futhi kulokhu singakhuluma ngezinkinga ngekhadi levidyo. Izimpawu ezincane zikhombisa iphutha lokubhala ku-CMOS. Umsindo oqhubekayo ungabangelwa ukuhluleka kwamandla. Futhi, ukushisa kweprosesa kungenzeka.

1 umsindo omude ngokuhambisana nemisindo emifushane emayelana nokungabikho kwekhadi levidyo. Uma kungekho isignali nhlobo, kungenzeka ukuthi iprosesa ayisebenzi kahle. 1 umsindo omude ne-3 inkulumo emfushane ngephutha lekhadi levidiyo. Inkinga iwuhlelo lwe-EGA-VGA. 2 izimpawu ezincane ngokuvamile zivame ukukhuluma ngephutha lokuhlanganyela le-RAM. Umsindo ofanayo kungenzeka uma ungavali iphrinta noma iskena. Izimpawu ezincane ezine zibonisa ukungasebenzi kwe-system timer. Kulokhu, udinga ukufaka esikhundleni sebhodi le-motherboard. Izimpawu ezimfushane ezingu-11 zibonisa iphutha lokulondoloza. Itholakala ku-motherboard. Isignali eside 1 kuhlanganiswe nezimpawu ezimfushane ezimbili kubonisa iphutha lekhadi levidiyo. Lokhu kuhluleka kwe-Mono-CGA.