Poikilocytosis - kuyini? Okunjalo igama eyinqaba kanjani!

Kusukela esikoleni biology Yiqiniso ungase ukhumbule ukuthi abomvu egazi ashaye - amangqamuzana abomvu egazi unesibopho ukuthuthwa umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide futhi emzimbeni wethu. Lezi corpuscles, ngokuvamile ube ukuma isiyingi, noma uma sikubeka ngokuqondile, biconcave. Nokho, ukuhlaziya eyenziwa endaweni yokucwaninga, kungembula igazi Ushintshe abomvu egazi lomuntu (okusaqanda, ucezu emise nofana ebumbeke eliphakathi kwe-). Shintsha lesifanele amaseli ifomu egazini sibizwa ngokuthi "poikilocytosis". Kuyini lokhu? Ngubani oyolandisa.

Uhlolojikelele

Poikilocytosis - igazi disorder lapho zamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ifomu soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka kabi athwala umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo kwenzeka kubantu abaphethwe noma yiluphi uhlobo igazi.

"Poikilocytosis - kuyini?" - Le izithakazelo umbuzo bonke babhekana nolunye nalesi sifo. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ingxenye abomvu egazi ashaye ijamo okungajwayelekile Kusengenzeka ukubuyela isimo lesifanele. Sikhuluma echinocytes futhi stomatocytes. Ezinye izindaba zika-ifomu sokugembula (acanthocytes, sickle cell kodotsity, dakriotsity et al.) Ingabe engelapheki.

Poikilocytosis e jikelele kwegazi. Izinhlobonhlobo kanye namafomu

Ngakho, lesi sifo igazi elihlobene ne kahle abomvu egazi impilo, iye yabizwa ngokuthi "poikilocytosis". Kuyini, manje kuyacaca. Kodwa izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo erythrocyte ngokwanele. Ake sicabangele ayinhloko.

• Echinocytes - yeseli eyindilinga nge ezihlobene amaningi. Ngokuvamile evela ukuhlaziya kubantu abaphethwe uremia.
• Stomatocytes - kuba abomvu egazi, convex ngakolunye uhlangothi kanti ngilugweda ngakolunye. Ukuba khona kwalawa amaseli siyenzeka ikakhulu in iziguli ifomu lezinceku stomatotsitoza. Enye igama stomatocytes - gidrotsity.
• Acanthocytes - shporoobraznye amaseli nge ophumile phezu izinqubo spinous. Poikilocytosis erythrocyte akantotsitnoy ifomu obaphawuleka neyroakantotsitoze futhi abetalipoproteinemia.
• iseli isikela - amaseli isikela equkethe i-hemoglobin S, okungase polymerize futhi deform elingenawo umoya-untula ulwelwesi lingene egazini.
• Kodotsity - mishenevidnye amaseli nge anda surface area ngenxa ngokweqile cholesterol kubo. Poikilocytosis ngokuvamile igazi ukuhlaziywa kuleli fomu kwenzeka haemoglobinopathies C no S, jaundice isikhathi eside ukudakwa phambili.
• Dakriotsity amelela slezopodobnye amaseli, okusikhumbuza a droplet. Ngokuvamile, lezi erythrocyte Ushintshe bachazwa kubantu abaphethwe isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo anobuthi, kanye ezinzima yensimbi ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukungezwani myelofibrosis.
• Microspherocytes - amaseli ethize, ekutholweni edinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Yiba ukuma eyindilinga of ukushuba elikhulu, kodwa ubukhulu ezincane. Lolu hlobo lwe-amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kuvamile in iziguli anaemia hemolytic.
• Elliptotsity - okusaqanda kwamangqamuzana abomvu engeziwe, okuyinto zitholakala kubantu enempilo. Isibalo sazo amaseli igazi lomuntu akumele leqe 8-10%. Lapho ngenhla embundwini kufanele ukhuluma ngani izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubusa ngesimiso anaemia noma elliptotsitoze sitholwa njengefa.

Wenza ashintshe umbala erythrocyte poikilocytosis

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu we Umbala Ushintshe kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu - hypochromia libhekene ububanzi unstained cell sikhungo. Lokhu kungenxa erythrocyte ongaphakeme Hb ukugcwaliswa.

Okuphambene mkhuba - hyperchromia. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa kungenxa ukugcwaliswa eliphezulu ingqamuzana legazi elibomvu Hb. Ihlangana leli fomu sokugembula kancane kaningi futhi uvame elihlobene ne ukuntula vitamin B12 futhi i-folic acid.

Polychromatophilia - ukukhomba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi umbala lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Eziningi zalezi egazi ebonwe iziguli igazi hemolytic.

Ukufakwa ku ebomvu egazi

Poikilocytosis igazi kuzibonakalisa hhayi kuphela ifomu Ushintshe abomvu egazi ashaye kanye shades, kodwa futhi ekuhlonzeni izakhi amaseli sokugembula umnkantsha ukuvuselelwa.

• Taurus Jolly - inombolo encane (ngokuvamisile 1-3) ka inclusions encane umbala violet-bomvu. Ukuba khona kwabo kuyinto evamile egazini izinsana. Kumuntu ophile kahle lezi inclusions efanayo etholakele akufanele kube.
• Kebota izindandatho - kukhona izinsalela igobolondo megaloblasts core, ababethi umbala obomvu.
• lobumbudumbudu Basophilic - Essence we blue granules, okuyinto kubonakala lapho ubuthi phambili, anaemia megaloblastic futhi thalassemia.
• Taurus uHeinz-Ehrlich - kuba ukufakwa, okuyinto akhiwa kusukela Hb denatured. Ukuthola lezi izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo - uphawu okungenzeka hemolysis.

I degree of ukubonakaliswa

Degree ezikhonjwe poikilocytosis nesineke kubonakala izibalo noma kochwepheshe. Ake sicabangele ngaphezulu ngokuningiliziwe:

• 1 noma (+) - ngezinga elincane sifo. 25% kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu kusukela amaseli enempilo.
• 2, noma (++) - poikilocytosis ngokulinganisela. 50% amaseli weengazi e ezidlula ayihambisani evamile. Kufanele ngokushesha saqala ukwelashwa.
• 3, noma (+++) - poikilocytosis uzwakalise, lapho kufika ku-75% we-erythrocyte zilimele.
• Noma 4 (++++) - ifomu acute lesi sifo. Zonke amangqamuzana abomvu egazi enempilo.

Sithemba ukuthi akulesi sihloko uthola impendulo yombuzo othi: "? Poikilocytosis - kuyini" - futhi wafunda ngezimbangela zokuziphendukela ivelaphi.