Poet Julian Tuwim: Biography nemisebenzi

Ngisho nalapho ngiseyingane, sihlangana ezihlekisayo izinkondlo Yuliana Tuvima: mayelana Pan Trulyalinskogo, Anti noValya kanye izibuko, ABC, okuyinto uwile off isitofu, ukukhohlisa Janek mayelana imifino, okuyinto uwayehlalise kuletha emakethe. imigqa Uhlobo funny Tuwim izinkondlo kwagxila engqondweni. Liqala ukusitshela ngo-Kula mavesi emangalisayo imbongi zezingane Samuil Marshak.

Ezinye izingane nabazali bazo ngisho uqaphele ukuthi izinkondlo abawuthandayo Marshak imigqa ebhaliwe kungukuthi, kodwa omunye umuntu. ERussia Tuvim azi ezimbalwa, masizame ukugcwalisa lokhu igebe.

Julian Tuwim: Biography, lokusungula

Ukuphila kwakhe kwakuthakazelisa umnyuziki eziphikisanayo. Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Julian Tuwim - imbongi yezingane. Ngeshwa, abambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi wayebhalela abadala, abaningi wahlanganyela izinguqulo. Lo muntu wethulwa Poland ezincwadini Russian classical. I izinkondlo of Aleksandra Pushkina, Borisa Pasternaka, Vladimira Mayakovskogo, Afanasiya feta ngisho "Beka" ukuvulelwa Polyakov Yulian Tuvim.

Esizalela - Septhemba 18, 1884. Wazalwa emzini Polish lamaJuda Lodz emkhayeni, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kubhekwe kwayena Pole. Kusukela azalwa, umfana wezwa inkulumo Polish, umkhulu wakhe wasebenza Umagazini wasePoland, umama, bacula izingoma nokufunda izinkondlo ngesiPolish. Umndeni sasingacebile futhi enobungane kakhulu, kodwa lo mfana ujabule, ungaqiniseka kanjani ujabule futhi awanaki nje ebuntwaneni.

Esikoleni, Julian wayethanda humanities, kodwa sciences ngqo banikwa ngobukhulu ubunzima, ikakhulukazi izibalo, ngoba Tuvim owayeze azihlalele ngokuba ngomnyaka wesibili e lesithupha. Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, wangena University of Warsaw, kuqala uMnyango zomthetho bese sidluliselwe philological, kodwa akazange aqede. umsebenzi asankondlo uvinjelwe sonke isikhathi thikazisa izifundo zabo.

Ngu ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II, wayesevele eshade, izingane zabo akazange abe nomkhaya, kodwa indodakazi kuhlala khona lezi zithandani yokutholwa wenyusa. Ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe, baphoqeleka ukuba babaleke Poland. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa eside wachitha ekudingisweni Tuwim. Kwamanye amazwe, kuphela kulesi sikhathi akakavakasheli: Romania, France, Brazil, e-Italy ne-Melika. EPoland, wabuya kuphela ngonyaka kokuba impi isiphelile. Kuphela sibonga isosha esihlatshelelwayo futhi wit yakhe ongashi ukusinda nale minyaka enzima ka Julian Tuwim. Biography of lo muntu ubamba okuningi nosizi futhi imizwa, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, wayehlale babenethemba lokuhle futhi ngegciwane eziwazungezile.

imisebenzi ozithandayo

Wakuthanda-chemistry ngempela, ethanda ukuhlola ezihlukahlukene. Omunye umsebenzi wokulinga enjalo sezizakuphela e nhlekelele, lo ukuqhuma zenzeke lab ekhaya. Ngemva kwalokho, Julian wanquma ukhethe uthando kancane obhubhisayo waqala ukuqongelela izitembu nezimvemvane.

Kodwa yokuchitha isizungu yakhe ayeyithanda kwakungu umsebenzi ngamazwi. Wakuthanda ukuba ahambisana, baziqambela inhlanganisela ezintsha. Wakwazi ukubhala amavesi ifomula kwi-mathematics ne ngcaphuno kusukela umbhalo zomlando. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Tuwim wayethanda ahambisana amazwi, ukubhala izinkondlo, akazange alale lapho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kudingeka ezinye ukushaqeka izaba. Kwathi lapho Julian wajwayelana nge izinkondlo of Leopold Abasebenzi. izinkondlo sakhe washaya umcabango lale nsizwa, umphefumulo wakhe Thukuthelani, futhi kwafika kuye isifiso nokubhala izinkondlo.

Poet Julian Tuwim

Kukhululwa incwadi yokuqala senzeka ngo magazini eksperantistskom, wahumushela izinkondlo ezimbili Staffa e Esperanto ulimi. Translations uyokwenza kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva wayesekwazi wabhala inkondlo yakhe yokuqala, "Sicela."

izimbongi Izintandokazi, ngubani wayefuna njalo ukuhlala Tuwim baba Artyur Rembo, Kochanowski, isiSlovak, Alexander Pushkin, u-Alexander Blok, uVladimir Mayakovsky kamuva. Kusuka kubabhali Tuwim wazithanda kakhulu indaba Nikolaya Gogolya, ikakhulukazi Petersburg umjikelezo.

Okwesikhathi esithile umbhali wabhala esigabeni: vaudeville, izingcezu ezihlekisayo, kodwa izinkondlo yangempela namanje iwine. Tuwim wahlala enkathini yezinxushunxushu nomphakathi: October Revolution eRussia, iMpi Yezwe I, iMpi Yezwe II umsebenzi ePoland, ngakho izinkondlo lakhe ibingamashumi ezepolitiki. Wayengeke angasondeli umcimbi futhi imicabango yakhe yonke, ukucasula bakhe isikhashana, wathola indlela yokuphuma evesini. Nabangane abazange baqonde kuye, futhi bazondwa izitha, kodwa imbongi ayikwazanga ukwenza okuhlukile. Uma waqala indlela yokukhonza iqiniso, ukunciphisa Tuwim awuzange baya kuye.

Uhlobo ozithandayo kakhulu namanje kwaba ukubhinqa, wayemthanda ukubhala epigrams, aphorisms. imigqa ohlabayo ophoqelelwe abafundi ukuba bafe ngokuhleka futhi uthenge noma iyiphi inguqulo, lapho ayengathola khona ukuphrintwa Julian Tuwim. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe wacishe saphela ukubhala izinkondlo lezo wabhala, eligoqiwe ekhabetheni, nabasePoland abaningi bakwazi ukufunda kuphela ngemva kokufa kwakhe. izinkondlo Tuwim anencazelo zefilosofi futhi wayinika amandla ukungena okushiwo zinto, lapho ebhala.

izimiso Life imbongi

1. Ningahluleli umuntu ngobuzwe, kodwa kuphela lokho oyikho: uhlakaniphile noma uyisiwula, ngobuqili noma elula, amabi noma alungile.

2. Ungalokothi ame ohlangothini izinkinga zezenhlalo. Ezombusazwe akakwazi kuwumsebenzi, uma umuntu unonembeza, akakwazanga ulinde yakhe ohlangothini.

3. Zonke ngemishophi ukuphila abaziphethe amahlaya.

"Izimbali Polish"

Umsebenzi wakhe ebaluleke kakhulu Julian Tuwim waqala ukubhalela ekudingisweni. "Colours of Poland" - le nkondlo ngokuba nabasePoland, njengoba enkulu njengoba i-Russian "Eugene Onegin," Pushkin kanye English "uDon Juan," Byron. I-Encyclopedia of ukuphila Polish ngokuthi baxgeki wakhe. Uye ebhaliwe imigqa cishe namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye, kodwa ngeshwa, lo msebenzi Tuwim akaqedanga.

imbongi Polish uJaroslav Ivashkevich ngokuthi Tuwim bili ngubani knits sezimbali izimbali. Futhi ngekondlo uqobo wathi kungenzeka ukulalela nokufunda bangaphezi, ujabulela emnene Ihubo imigqa.

Ilya Ehrenburg futhi Tuwim

Julian wayejabula kakhulu eRussia, njalo isiko Russian uye wazisola yokuthi it is hhayi wachitha kuleli zwe ngesikhathi sokuthunjelwa kwakhe.

Ngo-1922 wahlangana umbhali Russian Iley Erenburgom. Bona kalula wathola ulimi olufanayo, kwakuthakazelisa kakhulu ukukhuluma, nakuba kuyaqabukela wahlangana. Ehrenburg wakhuluma Tuwim njengoba umthakathi omkhulu nangomphefumulo okumsulwa futhi wathi 'bambalwa kakhulu abantu engangiwuthanda ayengeve futhi abakholelwa ezeni ... "

ukuqashelwa hola

Konke lokho awamukela lo, indoda eyisimanga abanamakhono, akwenza lolungenamaphutsa. Satirical, izinkondlo izingane, journalism, izinguqulo brilliant - okungaphezu nje hhayi ukwenza ukuphila kwakhe konke Julian Tuwim. Izinkondlo ... Noma kunjalo, kwaba yena owayenguyise ndaba main ikusasa lakhe, uye wanikela konke ukuphila kwakhe, omfushane ukuze noqaphile ngakho.

Ekhaya ithalente Tuwim ukuthi aziswa kakhulu. Kwakhe yena yanikezelwa Order of the Rebirth kwezintathu yePoland. Ukhunjulwa futhi ohlonishwa ngisho iminyaka ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngo-2013 ekhaya Tuwim kwathiwa Yonyaka inkumbulo kuye.

Fresh njengoba ungiphuzise amanzi emthonjeni, egcwele onamileyo amahlaya izinkondlo Yuliana Tuvima ku engxenyeni kwesokudla yengcebo segolide zezinkondlo izingane. Engaphezu kweyodwa isizukulwane luyokhula phezu kwabo, futhi namuhla izingane kuzofunda amavesi le mbongi emangalisayo kubantwana bakhe.