Plum "Altai yokugubha usuku": incazelo ezihlukahlukene, izithombe, izici kulinywe

Kukhona neze gardener, kungukuthi esekhulile plums. Lokhu ezisuke zithandwa ngaleso Njengabanye abaningi abangontanga ukunambitheka nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa isithelo kancane kwendle ukuhlanza. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abakhwabanisi kubhekwa izitshalo ukushisa-onothando, abalimi baletha izinhlobonhlobo eziningi efanelekayo Urals naseSiberia. Lezi izinhlobo zingamelana yesithwathwa ezinzima eSiberia futhi sithokozise zabanikazi isivuno izinga. Enye yalezi izinhlobo iyona "Altai yokugubha usuku."

Izinhlobonhlobo akhiwa abalimi endaweni zezulu ka-Altai izinhlobo "asithena Manchurian" futhi "mzimba". It is njengelinye lamazwe izinhlobo ebaluleke kunayo eSiberia, ngo-1974, afakwe iBhuku Likazwelonke. It Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe esikhathini eSiberia futhi izifunda Ural, e Northern Kazakhstan.

Plum "Altai weJubili": incazelo ezihlukahlukene ngezithombe

Plum isihlahla has a umqhele ukujiya amaphakathi, ukuma oyindilinga. Amagatsha grey sinombala. Kuphendula eside ukujiya imigqa. Amahlamvu ayahluka ngobukhulu ezinkulu, 12,5h7 cm, zibuthuntu ukukhanya luhlaza cwe, nge ithiphu ngokubomvu. Petiole kwe-anthocyanin has Umbala omnyama, i ubude obuphakathi. Sezinso unika 2-3 izimbali, okuyinto ukuvula phambi avele amaqabunga. Efihlekile Umbala omhlophe.

Plum izithelo "Altai weJubili" nesisindo 14-16 amagremu, babe ukuma emincane-oyindilinga. Umphetho-furrow libizwa. Umbala we izithelo orange-ophuzi, othi awube bomvu, kukhona spray wax. Ikhasi elithambile, kungenjalo ababayo. Inyama namanzi futhi esihlwabusayo, ophuzi umbala.

Plum "Altai Usuku olugujwa minyaka yonke" - ezihlukahlukene maphakathi-zakuqala. Izithelo uvuthwe phakathi Agasti, noma esikhathini esingengakanani kamuva. Izinkuni kuletha okuvuna 3-4 ngonyaka.

Okunhlobonhlobo kuyinto jikelele.

Ngebuhle nebubi izinhlobo

Njengoba incazelo izinhlobonhlobo iplamu "Altai weJubili" ngezithombe, kufanele sicabangele izinzuzo nezingozi zalesi sitshalo.

Izinzuzo izinhlobo:

• izithelo ezinhle kakhulu ukunambitheka;
• wenzalo exuberant;
• izihlahla eqinile hardiness;
• klyasterosporiozu ukumelana.

Yini embi ngalo angabhekwa:

• Ukungazinzi ukuze Damping-off;
• ongaphakeme transportability abakhwabanisi;
• yokuntuleka kwesomiso;
• samobesplodnost;
• umonakalo semyaedom.

Lawa izici eyinhloko iplamu "iminyaka engu-Altai."

Ukukhethwa izithombo

umkhiqizo Ikusasa buvezwa izinga lokutshala ezibonakalayo. Khetha ezinhle nursery isitokwe ngisho simple.

Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo entwasahlobo. Ochwepheshe ukunikeza izincomo eziningana kule ndaba:

1. Okokuqala, kufanele ukuhlola ukubonakala izithombo. Kuzakuba ungenabo ubufakazi isifo, omiswe noma ezinye umonakalo. On umuthi ngamunye kumelwe namamaki ngolwazi mayelana nohlobo, umakhi, nenye idatha ewusizo. Izimpande izithombo enempilo abe umthunzi ukukhanya ngaphandle izindawo nezifo.
2. Ukuphakama izithombo angakutshela kahle ukunakekela lapho ekhula. Ngezinye izithombo lonyaka owodwa landa lisuka imbewu, ukuphakama 1.5 m. Uma kungazange kufinyelele lesi silinganiso, kungenzeka, nomuthi kancane akwanele ukuba nginakekele. Uma ukuphakama kungaphezu, mhlawumbe, izihlahla etshalwa ku ubuchwepheshe okungalungile.
3. Flavour izinga izithelo zincike izindlela zokulima kanye izimo zezulu. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba kutshalwe izinhlobo athuthukiswe ngqo endaweni ethize.
4. Ukuze basinde okusheshayo kufanele kuthathwe izithombo engu-1-2 ubudala. izitshalo ezindadlana nzima ukubekezelela ukucindezeleka ukufakelwa.
5. Lapho izithombo ukuthenga kufanele kuthuthukiswe sibheke ezinye izifo grade nezindlela sizozinqoba.

Lawa izincomo main lapho uthenga okutshalwe iplamu impahla izihlahla.

kokwehla

Nge zokutshala efanele nokunakekela abakhwabanisi "Altai weJubili" ziyojabula balimi ezithela ezinhle kanye nokuntuleka nezinkinga nge kulinywe.

Plum izihlahla zitshalwa at ibanga 2-3 amamitha kusuka nezinye izitshalo. izindawo Snowy kufanele kube bushelelezi.

Isizini kangcono ukutshala iplamu eSiberia kubhekwa sasentwasahlobo noma kwentwasahlobo. Yenza umgodi 50 cm ukujula, ububanzi 60-100 cm. Down wafaka engokwemvelo, superphosphate, i-potassium, umcako, exutshwe umhlaba. inhlabathi Heavy kumele buhlanjululwe isihlabathi.

Yisithombo kumele mfushane 30-50%. Ukutshala isitshalo amanzi anele semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ingxube organic.

Ngo iziza ise eziyize, iplamu etshalwe amagquma ukuphakama futhi 50 cm ububanzi futhi 200 cm. Kusengaphambili okwenza Umanyolo eziphilayo, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, i-potassium usawoti, bemba, indunduma kumiswa umhlaba, amatshe admixed isihlabathi. Maphakathi egqumeni wenze ukucindezeleka phakathi okuyinto ibekwe phezu umhlabathi ovundile namathantala emaphethelweni - isihlabathi futhi amatshe.

On ezindaweni eneqhwa kungenziwa itshalwe emabhokisini ngaphandle phansi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela amabhokisi imitha 1x1. Indaba ingaba ezahlukene:

• isihlahla;
• slate;
• yensimbi.

Ibhokisi ligcwele inhlabathi, egcwele Umanyolo, watshala iplamu.

ukunakekelwa

iplamu entwasahlobo "Altai Usuku olugujwa minyaka yonke" lidinga izihlahla sanitary. Kukhishwe amagatsha ubudala, okuyinto ayibi kanye ababuthakathaka, ogulayo.

Uma isihlahla uthela izithelo njalo ngonyaka, ke usike kanye nje eminyakeni 2-3. Zitholele amagatsha zisetshenziswa. amagatsha Lonyaka ningathinti. Isetshenziswa var isilonda engadini.

Amagatsha ukuthi podmerzli, asikwe ukhuni enempilo.

izihlahla esincishisiwe ezidla waphuzisa.

Ngemva kokufika nepulamuzi hhayi zalisa 3-4 iminyaka. Ngemva kokuqala fruiting fed 7 kg inhlanganisela udaba eziphilayo futhi 100 g umlotha. Njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu, wapha ngomcako amanzi amaningi.

Ukunisela ngemva konyaka 2nd zokuphila okufanele kube okulinganiselwe. umswakama okweqile ikhuthaza ukukhula eqinile, ukubukeka aphid, ezithela ongaphakeme futhi kukhuphuke Damping off ebusika.

ukuthambisa esiqatha esidingekayo ukuze izitshalo ezisencane. Fruiting iplamu bazithela izikhathi 1-2, kuhlanganise phambi kwenqwaba izithelo. Ngemva lokuqoqa plums ukuchelela stop.

isifo

Plum "Altai wejubili", kanye nezinye izinhlobo ukungenwa yizifo ezithile. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• GUMMOSIS. izihlahla athintekayo sezibekwe yesithwathwa ezinzima, kanye izitshalo kakhulu elivundisiwe. ezindaweni ezithintekile ukusikiwa ngommese, futhi ziphathwe zethusi sulfate. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, ungatholi kakhulu wathumba umquba.
• Izichwe. Libhekene ukubukeka amahlamvu amancane, encishisiwe isihlahla ukukhula kanye nokuthuthuka. Ngenxa yalokho, bangase balahlekelwe abakhwabanisi. Ukuze ulwe izihlahla yemifino Siphuleka ngokuphelele. Ukuvimbela isifo, kubalulekile ukuqapha ubumsulwa ithuluzi uma usebenza engadini.
• Klyasterosporioz. Izimpawu zesifo - izindawo ezincane amaqabunga, ngemva kwalokho kukhona ukuvuleka. Ukuze ukwelashwa kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezifo isetshenziswa Bordeaux ingxube. Libuye isikhathi kubalulekile ukususa futhi ngashisa zonke amahlumela ubudala, kanye inhlabathi in the iziqu esihlahleni. "Altai yokugubha usuku" azivamile ehlaselwe isifo, kodwa qaphela ke usadinga wensimu.
• Rust. Libhekene ukubukeka izindawo yellow on the amaqabunga. Ukuze ulwe ukusetshenziswa Bordeaux liquid nezinye nesikhunta. Prevention Omba indulungu-isiqu nokusha amahlamvu ngokweqile esizeni.
• Chlorosis. Lesi sifo kubonakala streaks oluhlaza amaqabunga ophuzi. Ukuze ugweme chlorosis, udinga ukubeka kahle noma utshalwe iplamu. Izifo avele ezihlahleni ezikhulayo nenhlabathi calcareous. Ngakho-ke, lapho lihlala inciphise lime. Chlorosis futhi ukusiza izidakamizwa "Antihlorozin" futhi "chelate".

izintwala

Izinambuzane emibili eyinhloko iplamu - lokhu aphid futhi semyaed.

Ama-aphid zidla amanzi ayo amaqabunga. Ukuze isaziso yayo, ngokuvamile kubhekwa ngezansi amaqabunga. Ezigabeni kokuqala ukuvela aphid, ungayisusa kusukela nekufakwa Shag ugwayi. 400 amagremu ingxube kuthululwe 10 amalitha amanzi, agcinelwe kwezinsuku ezimbili, bese ufaka insipho olufuthwe amahlamvu kathathu.

Semyaed Maslovskoye - lesi sinambuzane, izintuthwane enamaphiko. Semyaed lizalela amaqanda alo isithelo iplamu. Ingabe ukuthola isibungu e ithambo iplamu. Kusukela semyaeda usizo izixazululo "Lepidocide", "aktellik".

bempova

Plum "Altai Usuku olugujwa minyaka yonke" - ibanga samobesplodny okuqondene iqembu plums, okuyinto eziqhakaza ekuseni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isihlahla akusho opylimo izinhlobo ukuze eRussia emaphakathi futhi ufuna njengoba izinhlobo wempova leqembu. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• "Xenia";
• "Katun";
• "Inkumbulo ongenalwazi";
• "Chemal";
• "Uzyuk".

Zonke lezi plums ezahlukene izimbali ekuseni futhi fruiting.

Nokho, uma esayithini eseduze sikhule abameleli nezinye izinhlobo iplamu. Lokhu kuyoba okwanele ngenqubo impova. Kodwa uma omakhelwane akudingeki iplamu izihlahla kufanele itshalwe ku izinhlobonhlobo indawo-impova of iplamu "Altai yokugubha usuku." Kuphela kulesi simo singaba ukuthola isivuno esihle.

Izibuyekezo balimi

Uphenyo iplamu "Altai weJubili" omuhle kakhulu. Abalimi efana isivuno ephakeme frost imithi emihle. izihlahla Plum kuleli kilasi babe kakhulu izici zangaphandle kanye ukuletha esihlwabusayo.

Ngeshwa, izithelo akakubekezeleli zokuthutha. Kepha kusukela kulolu Plum ukwenza compotes esihle kanye sezimoto, okuyinto kakhulu ezazithandwa balimi.