Phenomena - sikhona ukuze lo mkhuba? izinhlobo mkhuba

Zefilosofi elithi "mkhuba" livela esiGrekini "φαινόμενον", okusho ukuthi "ukuba," "iqiniso ezingavamile", "engavamile". Uma sibheka emhlabeni, singabona izinto eziningi, ukuzizwa iphunga, ukushisa noma amakhaza, ukubona ubuhle zibabaza wakhe, ukuzwa umculo bazijabulele umsindo walo kwamagama namanothi. Zonke lezi zinto futhi izenzakalo ifilosofi ngokuthi kwethemu. Ngamafuphi, bonke - imihlola. Lokhu zefilosofi ukuthi bamele izenzakalo lingaqondakala isipiliyoni umqondo. Bonke bangaba into ukucatshangelwa izindlela zesayensi.

izinhlobo imihlola

Ngokusekelwe osekushiwo, letintfo kanye izenzakalo zingahlukaniswa zibe ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ngokusho imfundiso yokuziphendukela sefilosofi Austria Franz Brentano, owayeyisikhulu zihlanganisa imisindo, enephunga, landscape yemvelo, imvula, emasimini, amahlathi, nezintaba nezigodi, izihlahla, izihlahla kanye nezinye izikhonzi kwezwe elisizungezile. Basuke bonke esinikeza wona nakho, okungukuthi, sinethuba ukubabona, ukuzwa, thinta futhi uzizwe. Kodwa izenzakalo ngemilingo - kuba yonke imisebenzi yengqondo, okungukuthi, bonke labo izethulo, okuyinto, izinzwa noma umcabango kuphakama ezingqondweni zethu. Lezi zihlanganisa izenzo ukuzwa, imibono, imibono, imizwa, ukucabanga, futhi enjalo izinqubo sengqondo njengoba yizinkumbulo, ukungabaza, ukwahlulela; isipiliyoni ngokomzwelo: injabulo, ukudabuka, ukwesaba, ithemba, ukukhathazeka, isibindi, wobugwala, uthando, intukuthelo, inzondo, ukumangala, isifiso, imizwelo, ngokumthanda, njll ...

mkhuba kwamasiko

Igama elithi "isiko" has a isethi omkhulu yamanani. Kuyinto into yolwazi wesayensi ahlukahlukene: nefilosofi, kwabantu, sobuhle bayo, kultorologii, ethnography, wezifundo zezombusazwe, Psychology, pedagogy, umlando, ubuciko, njll Esikhathini ngomqondo ebanzi isiko - kuba lonke yizenzo zabantu, okungabangelwa izinto ezihlukahlukene ukubonakaliswa ... Lihlanganisa zonke izindlela futhi izinhlobo self-ukutholakala kanye yokuzibeka, okuyinto zanqwabelana emphakathini, futhi ngamunye. Ngomqondo ewumngcingo isiko kuyinto uchungechunge amakhodi (amakhodi zokuziphatha, imithetho, amaphethini, imikhuba namasiko kanye t. D.), Taken emphakathini futhi elawula ukuziphatha umuntu. Ngamafuphi, isiko - indaba futhi izindinganiso ezingokomoya. Eplanethini yethu, owokuqala babo anencazelo ekhethekile komuntu nje ngoba ingcwelisiwe ngokwezifiso, ubuciko, inkolo, ngegama elilodwa - isiko. Ngokuqondene izindinganiso ezingokomoya, kukhona ngakho ayilula kangako. Sesiyazi ngiyafakaza yokuthi bobabili laba bafowethu ezincane yethu abonise le mizwa ukwethembeka, uthando, injabulo, ukudabuka, intukuthelo, ukubonga, kanye nokunye. D., Njalo njalo. N.

Amasiko Umphakathi

Emongweni usikompilo nenhlalo umqondo "ngumkhuba" uthola isimo isigaba. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa, okuyinto sifundwa kuwo isiko. Namuhla, it uya eba isihloko izincwadi zesayensi ezihlukahlukene: iziphakamiso, imibiko, ucwaningo kanye coursework. Nokho, i-poster kunzima kakhulu ukunikeza incazelo eqondile lomkhuba. Wonke umuntu ohumushela ehlukile. Ukuhlanganisa imiqondo emibili ezifana "umphakathi", kanye "namasiko" kuyo yonke indawo. Isiko uhlanganyela noma samanje cishe zonke ngothi zokukhulekela womuntu. silulumagama lethu njalo kufakwe izinkulumo ezinjengokuthi 'isikhala usikompilo nenhlalo "," inqubomgomo kwamasiko "," nesiko ubuntu "nokunye .. Iningi imiqondo le eye yaba ajwayelekile kithi ukuthi singazi asiqapheli kangaki ukuzisebenzisa. Ngakho Ucabanga ukuthi yini lo mkhuba kwamasiko? Lena ngokuyinhloko ngendlela ekhethekile wokuphila kwabantu, lapho umgomo futhi isenzo subjective njengoba yomkhakha owodwa. Uma uhamba kulo isiko inhlangano nekulawulwa umsebenzi womuntu, okuholela ekwandeni level yayo yomsebenzi njengoba lomphakathi.

Sociocultural emisebenzini Petirima Sorokin futhi F.Tenbruka

Isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu Russian PA Sorokin futhi uphenyo lesi simanga. Ngokusho kwakhe, lomkhuba ezenhlalo nezamasiko - konke lokho abantu ukusuka imvelo yabo ngenxa ukuxhumana isiko, okuyinto yena, uyena obapha amagugu "supraorganic". By yokugcina wayeqonda yonke into eyenza okunawo kumuntu, isibonelo, kungenzeka ulimi, inkolo, ifilosofi, art, izimiso zokuziphatha, umthetho, ukuziphatha, imikhuba, kanye nokunye. D., Njalo njalo. N. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuvumelana Sorokin, 'sociocultural "kuba esigabeni eziyisisekelo emhlabeni yezenhlalakahle, okusho lokuqhubeka ungubani, isiko kanye nomphakathi. A sefilosofi German F. Tenbruck ngokuthi lobu buhlobo "uxhumano Seamless" izingxenye ezintathu: ngamunye, umphakathi kanye uhlelo elilodwa lezimiso zokuziphatha impahla, okungukuthi, isiko.

Yini kubhekwe into ezenhlalo nezamasiko?

Asibhale izenzakalo ziwela ngaphansi kwencazelo into ezaba khona kwezenhlalo kamuva. Lena iqoqo imiqondo ezithinta umuntu abahlala emphakathini zazo siqu. Yiqiniso, lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele, kodwa nazi ezinye zalezi zizathu:

• imali;
• imfashini;
• ubumpofu;
• inkolo (kuhlanganise namahlelo);
• ukuxhumana nomphakathi;
• izindaba;
• inhlebo nokunye. d.

Futhi lokhu uhlu imihlola usikompilo nenhlalo. Kuyinto ethé xaxa. Lesi senzakalo - is kuhlangene zibe munye imihlola amasiko nezenhlalo. Nampa:

• imfundo;
• isayensi;
• inqubomgomo;
• nezokuvakasha;
• ingokomoya;
• corporeality;
• imfundo;
• umndeni;
• imfashini;
• sha;
• inkolo;
• inganekwane, le nganekwane;
• ithemba;
• injabulo;
• entabeni;
• semthethweni yezomthetho;
• umama;
• ukubekezelelana;
• Kitsch futhi t. d.

Lolu hlu ingaqhutshezwa unomphela.

Kutfutfukiswa mkhuba ezenhlalo nezamasiko

Kuleli zwe, akukho kungokwaphakade akemi namanje. Zonke izenzakalo noma ngcono noma ubhujiswe, ukuthuthela kokubhujiswa kwalo kokugcina. Ukuphelela - ukuthuthukiswa mkhuba ezenhlalo nezamasiko. Kuyinqubo okuhloswe ngazo ushintsho omuhle kokubili izinto ezibonakalayo nezingokomoya enenhloso eyodwa - sokuba ngilulame. Yiqiniso ifilosofi ukuthi ikhono ukushintsha impahla jikelele kumama ukwazi ezaziwayo. Lokhu kuvamile kubo bonke (bemvelo, ulwazi kanye nomphakathi) Isimiso sokuthi isenzo khona.

Personality njengoba enzeka ngokwengqondo

Ukuba ne ukwazi nokuzenyeza, okungukuthi, umuntu ophilayo, ungumuntu. Anakho isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, okuyinto lwemfundvo lephelele, zichaziwe izinyathelo, ubudlelwano, okukhulu kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa umphakathi, izakhiwo ngokwengqondo kwe-ngamunye, okuyinto akhiwa ngenxa ontogeny. Yizo ezinquma izenzo zakhe nokuziphatha njengoba ukuziphatha isihloko zokuxhumana nomsebenzi has ukwazi. Personality uyakwazi ukuzithiba, kanye umsebenzi ashukumisayo emphakathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zalo, kanye nobudlelwane yesenzo uxhumana ahlukile. Ngokuqinisekile wonke umuntu ujwayelene loluhlolo ngabanye njengendlela "induku" lalibhekisela. Le mpahla sinikezwe labo abaphiwe uhlamvu oqinile. Nokho, e-Psychology "olubalulekile" kumiswa ubuntu kuchazwe ngendlela ehlukile - kuba ukuzihlonipha. It is eyakhelwe ngesisekelo ubuhlobo muntu yedwa. Iphinde kuthinta indlela abantu ukuhlola abanye. Ngomqondo yendabuko yomuntu singumuntu oba isihloko zomphakathi (social) ubudlelwane futhi umsebenzi wayo ongokomoya. Kulendlela yokubhala sihlanganisa ubunjalo bomzimba bokuphila zomzimba womuntu, kanye nezici zakhe ngokwengqondo. Ngakho, kukhona ngumkhuba ngokwengqondo ngaphezu ga tetenhlalo letibalulekile futhi usikompilo nenhlalo. Lawa izenzakalo ezithinta womuntu ngamunye kanye nezwe lakhe elingaphakathi ozwa, imizwa, imizwa, njll Ngakho, lo mkhuba ngokwengqondo kungaba uthando, inzondo, ubudlova, uthando, ukuxhaphaza, nokunye ....

isiphetho

Kungakhathaliseki isigaba basonta, izenzakalo - yilokho ukuthi kungaba kuncike ukubhekwa ngenjongo ulwazi.