Kurds - ubuzwe lizwe ababhekwa njengezakhamuzi zalo million amathathu

Abacwaningi banamuhla natsieobrazuschih izinqubo kanye lo mkhuba kutati bagomela ngokuthi into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwakheka lanoma isiphi isizwe indesheni Ukwakheka kwezitho isimo sabo siqu, okuyothi uzokwazi ukuveza izithakazelo zabo eliyisisekelo nezinto eziza kuqala ekuphileni. Ngenxa ngakho mana ukuhamba Basque, Catalans nezinye ezincane esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Nokho, abantu abaningi kakhulu, ngokusobala ilungele ukukhipha ngokwayo njengesizwe, kodwa namanje akanawo isimo ayo, kukhona Kurds. Ubuzwe, lokhu has inombolo enkulu abamele kuka izizwe amaningi aseYurophu. Kulinganiselwa ezihlukahlukene, Kurds bavela amathathu abantu amane izigidi ezingu abahlala emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni.

Bobani Kurds?

Ubuzwe Lena iqoqo eziningi Amaqembu omdabu Lokudabuka Turkish. ezweni lenkaba yabo futhi endaweni eminyene iningi Izindawo yesimanje - insimu empumalanga ye-Asia Minor. Kurdistan Modern (kangaka okuthiwa kule ndawo) ihlukaniswe ngokushesha phakathi ezifundazweni eziningana: Turkey, Iraq, Iran, eSiriya. Ngokwemvelo, iningi eliphelele ngabameli lesi sizwe Muslim Sunni. Nakuba kukhona amaKristu, amaKatolika ngisho Orthodox Kurds. Ubuzwe Lokhu nako kwandile kwamanye amazwe-Middle East, kanye eYurophu nase-CIS.

Umsuka wegama Kurds

Lesi sizwe ingenye endala ye-Asia Minor. umsuka wayo namuhla evusa impikiswano kakhulu. Ngakho, kunenkolelo ukuthi Kurds bayinzalo amaSkithe. Ezinye izazi okuzuza okhokho babo kusukela owakhiwe izizwe yasePheresiya nabaseMesophothamiya Kurt lasendulo. izifundo bofuzo haplogroups abonisa behlobene abantu yesimanje Kurdish of eCaucasus: Azeris, Georgians futhi Armenia futhi amaJuda.

umbuzo Kurdish e-Turkey

Empeleni, kuba kungalingani phakathi inombolo enkulu kangaka yabantu isimo sabo langempela ezincane kazwelonke e ezifundazweni eziningana empumalanga. Ngakho, i-Kurds kabani ubuzwe Sekuyisikhathi eside inqatshelwe nguhulumeni Turkish, bahlushwa kwamasiko kuze kowezi-2000. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, ulimi Kurdish wawenqatshelwe yabezindaba. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi futhi iqiniso ukuthi Kurds eTurkey ngo isisindo eyisiqalo ngesikhathi ngokwanele ongaphakeme esiteji yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu ngokwabo nabaseTurkey. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho kombiko ezinye izazi ', inombolo yabo ifinyelela 20% wesibalo sabantu. ukukhula Fundzisisa ukwazi kazwelonke wafika lapha ngemva kokuwa koMbuso WaseTurkey. Kulo lonke ikhulu XX e Kurdistan umzabalazo angahlelekile zalwa ababuthakathaka. Ngokuzimisela ziyahlangana, yayingase kuphela kuthonywa imibono yabantu kaMarx e ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970 - 1980 zakuqala. Ngaphansi kwethonya izinhlangano paramilitary separatist kanye Kurds ecindezelwa amazwe aseYurophu singaphoqi yeningi eTurkey, uhulumeni wendawo waphoqeleka ukuba athambise isandla kowezi-2000. Thambisa izivimbelo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kolimi lwabo nokubonakaliswa kwamasiko. Okwesikhathi esithile kwakukhona iziteshi ze-TV njalo ngolimi Kurdish, izikole evulekile kazwelonke.

udaba Kurdish kwamanye amazwe-Middle East

I Kurds in Iraq, kanye e-Turkey, bahlala ngamaqembu compact ezindaweni ezithile. Kwaphela isikhathi eside babelwa ubunikazi zabo kwamakhosi zendawo, futhi kamuva - ne umbuso Saddam Hussein. Ngo-1990, Kuwait impi ngisho cishe eyabasiza ukudala siqu isimo sabo ezimele. Nokho, umzamo kuhlulekile AmaSeparatist. Kowezi-2000, Kurdistan Iraq lithole ukuzimela ebanzi kakhulu phakathi isimo. Kurds yaseSiriya abahlala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho yezwe, lokulandisa 9% wesibalo sabantu. isimo yamasiko abantu lapha namanje okubi kakhulu ukwedlula e-Iraq, Turkey, njengoba eSiriya, Namanje sinqatshiwe ukusebenzisa ulimi Kurdish, amagama ezikoleni ezizimele kanye nezinye izincwadi. Nokho, lapha kukhona inhlangano yendawo paramilitary, balima ukudala ukuzimela.