Peripheral - lokhu ... zokugula isimiso sezinzwa: izimbangela, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, imithi

umzimba wethu ilawulwa ngu emsipheni amaza. It kuwuphawu ngokusebenzisa mncane ngentambo nezinzwa yobuchopho zesimiso ngasinye ezimisweni zomzimba womuntu, bese wenza indlela reverse. Kule ndaba, akukho isimanga iqiniso lokuthi izifo yesiBethamthetho seNarha kuholele nemiphumela ebuhlungu kakhulu empilweni.

Zonke izinzwa iziyaluyalu odokotela munye ngaphansi umqondo jikelele, walinika igama "peripheral". Lokhu izifo NA ezenzeka ngenxa ukulimala kwenzwa non ukuvuvukala ngenxa yokulimala noma ezinezifo.

ngezigaba

Peripheral - isifo ezingathinta ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene lo izinzwa zomzimba. Kukhona ngezigaba esiqondile lesi sifo, ukudalwa okuyinto ucabangela uhlobo nendawo endaweni ongaphilile. Ngakho, lezi zinhlobo nokuphazamiseka kwempilo yilezi:

1. peripheral neuropathy. Lesi sifo, angase abizwe ngokuthi njengoba umonakalo mechanical, futhi eyodwa noma enye isifo. Lokhu zokugula kuthinta neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa. kwasendaweni yayo emikhulu ebusweni bomhlaba kuyimiphumela amathiphu izinzwane nezandla kanye izinyawo nezandla.
2. peripheral proximal. Lokhu zokugula zihlukaniswa khona izimpawu ubuhlungu izibunu namathanga.
3. peripheral Cranial. Lena ngenye yama-izinhlobo zezifo ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa ukungasebenzi kwekhono omunye ngazimbili eziyishumi nambili zakwa-izinzwa cranial. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, peripheral cranial sehlukaniswe sokuzwa nokubukwayo. On the zinhlobo qalani nithi lapho ukuzwa lilimele, kodwa yesibili - emsipheni optic.
4. peripheral autonomic. Ukuze ukhulume kuyo pathologies ka autonomic nesimiso sezinzwa. Kule isifo unesifo umsebenzi kwesinye kanye wamathumbu motility. Kuthinta isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene peripheral autonomic. I nomthelela omubi elinako imisipha yenhliziyo.
5. peripheral Local. Izimpawu zalesi uhlobo lwesifo eba kungazelelwe, futhi kuphela endaweni eyodwa yomzimba.
6. peripheral Kwangemva Kwenhlekelele. ibangelwa yini umonakalo imizwa ngenxa yokucinana ngenxa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu, waphuka noma zokwakheka babugcwele izisihla okungajwayelekile. Ngokuvamile lo zokugula kuthinta sciatic, ulnar nezinzwa osabalalayo futhi akwethuse okwalandela imisipha yoma futhi kwehle ikhaliphe.

peripheral Kwangemva Kwenhlekelele yena, kufaka Umhubhe nezinhlobo kokucindezelwa-ischemic ka-peripheral. Eyokuqala yalezi kuvela ngenxa ecindezela imisipha noma nemisipha. Eyesibili (kokucindezelwa-ischemic peripheral) - izitsha nezinzwa. Lokhu kwenzeka uma umsebenzi eside nokuzikhulula noma uma umuntu walala ubuthongo, kwaba sonke isikhathi ukuphumula endaweni efanayo.

Izimbangela peripheral

Yingakho kukhona kwemizwa uhlelo iziyaluyalu? Ukuthuthukiswa zokugula kunomthelela yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili. Eyokuqala wabo - endogenous, kanti eyesibili - exogenous.

Ngezinye izikhathi izimbangela peripheral ezisuka emzimbeni. Itholakala zokugula kwabantu kuholela ukunqoba eyodwa noma ngaphezulu izinzwa. izizathu maKristu abizwa endogenous. Lokhu kungaba isifo endocrine uhlobo, kanye sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba futhi demyelinating.

Uhlu izimbangela exogenous kukhona labo ababehileleke umzimba kusuka ngaphandle. Lokhu ukuhlukumezeka, ukutheleleka ukudakwa.

izimbangela endogenous

Peripheral kungaba ngenxa endocrine pathologies, okuyinto ohlwini yindawo kuhlala sikashukela. Lesi sifo uyakwazi hit futhi abanye imizwa futhi izinzwa iziqu egcwele.

Ngokuvamile, lapho kumiswa peripheral wemikhawulo aphansi isifo sikashukela. Ukuvela lesi sifo iqala abanenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla izimpande emsipheni. Lokhu ukungasebenzi is phetho ukubhujiswa izitsha ezincane ngegazi, isifo sikashukela ahlupheke kuqala. Ngenxa yalokho Izinzwa izicubu ubhujiswe ngokushesha, okuholela ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini walo. Lower esitho peripheral sinezimfanelo njengoba ukuluma, lokujabulela ukushisa noma amakhaza. Ngaphezu sikashukela zokugula enjalo kungaba ngenxa yesifo Cushing sika, izifo adrenal futhi yegilo nezindlala.

Esinye isizathu kungaba i nature endogenous demyelinating izifo. Leli qembu izifo ephelezelwa ukubhujiswa emgodleni myelin ka isixha emsipheni. Kulesi simo ngobugebengu ndima leso sikhathi of pulses yobuchopho isitho esithile futhi emuva. Ukuvela nezinkinga ezinjalo kungenzeka nge:

• ekubhebhetselisa futhi sclerosis eyindilinga;
• isifo Devic sika;
• panencephalitis ehlasela umzimba;
• acute eqonda encephalomyelitis.

Lapho lezi zifo zenzeka futhi umonakalo ka nezinzwa neuropathy cranial. Ngokuvamile kuphakamisa nesenzakalo peripheral multiple sclerosis. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile kuthinta ebusweni, trigeminal noma oculomotor izinzwa. Ngakho kukhona ukwephulwa lomuntu ukuzwela, iso ukunyakaza alinganiselwe futhi kukhona ubuthaka imisipha yobuso.

Imbangela peripheral bangaba nezifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba. Ngokuvamile kuba Guillain-Barre syndrome, elibangela zokuphefumula kanye nezifo zesisu. namagciwane abangela izifo futhi amagciwane kushiya indlela ukusabela sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, futhi umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza amaseli ngokumelene siqu yezinzwa yayo. Umphumela ukubhujiswa myelin, noma esitokisini izakhiwo we namangqamuzana ezinzwa. Kulesi futhi kwelinye icala, lokhu kuholela ezifweni.

izimbangela peripheral kungase futhi kube:

• rheumatoid arthritis;
• scleroderma;
• Sjögren Syndrome;
• granulomatosis Wegener sika.

Iloli njalo kwenzeka lapho kuba ukusetshenziswa kakhulu utshwala kweziqu ezimelele yayo. Njengomthetho, izimpawu zezifo thuthuva Gait. Lokhu kuphakamisa le utshwala peripheral neuropathy, imbangela okuyinto kuba ukulahlekelwa ziyalingana kwamalungu omzimba, ikakhulukazi leyo aphansi. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala, le zokugula kuzibonakalisa "ukuyishaya" izinyawo ngenkathi ehamba. Kamuva ezingalweni nasemilenzeni kukhona ubuhlungu nokudungeka.

Lapho utshwala noma kweziqu ezimelele yayo ivame izinzwa cranial. Ngezinye izigaba kamuva lesi sifo kukhona sokuzwa, ezibukwayo noma ebusweni peripheral.

ukuthuthukiswa isifo kungenziwa senziwa nokuntuleka vitamin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene neuropathies uvuke ngenxa yokuswela amavithamini emzimbeni, okuyizinto ezidingekayo ukuze izinqubo umzimba e nerve izicubu. Ngakho lapho kungukuphula statics lobukhali kanye buthakathaka kwezicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathintekayo ukwaba ebusweni nezinzwa optic.

izimbangela exogenous

Omunye izimfanelo ezivamile sokuthuthukiswa peripheral kuyinto lesion esibuhlungu. Ngakho, ngo-negalelo elinamandla ngokomzimba emzimbeni womuntu kuyinto ukuphazamiseka emsipheni fibre ubuqotho. Ngezinye izikhathi, leso esithwele ishayela kuba engenakwenzeka ngenxa yokwephula isakhiwo myelin emgodleni.

Imbangela yale zokugula kungaba kokucindezelwa kwesikhathi eside yezinzwa, kanye Jamming yayo. Kulokhu, lesi sifo eba ngenxa iziyaluyalu kwegazi we zone obonakele. izicubu Nervous ihlangabezana yendlala kancane kancane iqala yoma. Ngokuvamile, indlela efanayo kwenzeka kulezo abantu ngenxa izinhlekelele hit lowo doti, okwase kuyisikhathi eside esimweni umile. Ngemva ukuhlenga nabo ngokuvamile kuphakama peripheral sciatic futhi peroneal. Esikhathini indawo ephezulu sasingabantwana yesithathu engezansi ibhodi lemisindo, ethangeni, izingalo, izandla, izinyawo, ngoba lezi zitho zomzimba ngesikhathi ecindezela noma kokucindezelwa yokuntula khona esiphawuleka kunazo zonke umthamo wegazi ogciniwe.

I zokugula we izinzwa cranial zivame ebonwe ukulimala ekhanda. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo kokungenela kuhlinzwa, kanye ukwelashwa noma ukukhishwa izinyo.
Izehlo neqhaza peripheral futhi ubuthi nemithi nosawoti of izinsimbi kanye Organo-phosphate. Izinto ezinjalo ifa umphumela Neurotoxic oqondile. kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kulesi simo yilezi:

• mercury;
• arsenic;
• isoniazid;
• nemikhiqizo phosphane;
• ukuhola.

izinhlobo ezahlukene peripheral futhi kungenzeka emva ngegciwane. Kulokhu, lo mshini we zokugula ezihambisana nge nomphumela anobuthi, phezu izinzwa ngu lamagciwane okuyinto ngqo. Ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa isifo ngemva othola idiphtheria. izinti ezinobungozi kubangele polinevrologii neuropathy peripheral we emsipheni oculomotor. Kuyinto abangela izifo herpes igciwane uhlobo 3, kanye nge-HIV.

Phakathi kwezimbangela ka-peripheral, kukhona sitholwa njengefa. Kulokhu, lo zokugula sidlulile ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, futhi kukhona uqobo. Njengomthetho, zihlanganisa lezinceku neuropathies sezinzwa kanye motor.

izimpawu zokugula

Yini izimpawu peripheral? Izimpawu zesifo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, futhi zenzeka kuye ngohlobo Izinzwa ethintekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ze-peripheral kuxhomeke ohlotsheni imicu ezakha emsipheni. Ngakho, nge ukunqotshwa motor Imicu yotshani ukuqala ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza iziyaluyalu. Bona azibonakali ngesimo Gait normal, ubuthaka imisipha. Emvelweni okunzima peripheral endaweni ukukhubazeka nesineke kwenzeka ukuthuthukiswa esihambelanayo imisipha yoma.

Lapho ukwephulwa of sezinzwa Imicu yotshani Umuntu ulahlekelwa ukuzwela. It kukhasa kuphakama emizweni, emakhazeni nasekuhambeni-t. D.

Izimpawu ze-peripheral nerve ebusweni

Izimpawu zalesi uhlobo lwesifo zahlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ancike endaweni ethintekile. Izibonakaliso eyinhloko ebusweni emsipheni peripheral zihlanganisa:

• the asymmetry ebusweni;
• nomlomo owomile kanye nokuntuleka ukunambitheka;
• kokuzwa sifo.

Ukubonakaliswa sifo iqala ubuhlungu. Ngakho kukhona ndikindiki futhi ukuluma iso, indlebe, emabunzini cheekbones. Lezi zimpawu ayihlali isikhathi eside, ezingu-1-2 kuphela, bese peripheral ububonisa izici zawo ezibalulekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, nesineke ekhononda of a nomlomo owomile, imbangela okuyinto kuba umsebenzi ecasukile we nezindlala salivary.

Izimpawu ze-peripheral we emsipheni trigeminal

Ukubonakaliswa lesi sifo futhi incike endaweni ethintekile. Izimpawu esemqoka yalolu hlobo peripheral yilezi:

• ubuhlungu ebusweni;
• ukukhubazeka esehlanganise masseter imisipha;
• ukulahlekelwa ubuso ukuzwa integuments.

Izimpawu ze-peripheral we emsipheni ulnar

Nge lolu hlobo sifo ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona iziyaluyalu ukuzwa kanye motor umsebenzi. Izimpawu main kwalesi sifo yilezi:

• ukuthuthukiswa contractures;
• ukungakwazi ukwehlisa futhi alulaze iminwe futhi ungagobisi ibhulashi;
• ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa eminweni futhi esifundeni umunwe ukuphakama kancane.

Kanye izinhlobo eziningi peripheral, lesi sifo iqala nge umuzwa ndikindiki nezikhonkwane kanye izinaliti. kamuva kuphela lezi zimpawu ijoyina ubuhlungu kubangela umuntu ukuba alusebenzise isandla sakhe esimweni insaliwe. Ngemva kwalokho emamasela lamancane esandla yoma. Isiguli alikwazi isikhwama, thatha ngeketela nokunye. D. Long egeleza peripheral kuholela ukuthuthukiswa contractures, okuyinto kuvezwa obala komkhawulo eziphikelelayo ukuhamba ngokuhlanganyela.

ukwelashwa

Indlela kanjani ukubhekana nalesi sifo njengoba peripheral? zokugula, impatho iqala ekhuluma zezimbangela. Ngokwesibonelo, baphishekela inkambo yokwelapha izifo ezithathelwanayo, isifo sikashukela, beriberi, nokunye. D. Lokhu kuzokwenza kakhulu ngcono isimo lesiguli. Ekwelapheni peripheral esetshenziswa antidepressant futhi opiates, imithi ezishisayo anticonvulsants. Uhlu imithi likhulu kakhulu futhi kuncike izimpawu zesifo.

Isikhathi esining impela peripheral kuhambisana Ukudlikizela. Babonakala, ngokuvamile ngendlela yokuhlaselwa gqwa. Ukuze kuqede izimpawu ezinjalo bamiswa anticonvulsants. Zibhaleni phansi kuyinto ngempela umxhwele, kodwa ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa yilezi:

• "Carbamazepine."
• "Gabantin".
• "Gabagamma".
• "Finpepsin".
• "Tebantin".

I ngokuvamile ebekiwe izidakamizwa anticonvulsant kuyinto "carbamazepine". Analogs izimali nazo isetjenziswa e Pharmacy Russian. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu izidakamizwa "Carbamazepine" liveza peripheral trigeminal, ukuvimbela okuvela kuyo ukuhlaselwa ezibuhlungu. Nikeza futhi postherpetic neuralgia, paresthesia ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele, futhi tabes.

It has izidakamizwa "Carbamazepine" analogue "Aktinerval" futhi "Stazepin", "Zeptol" futhi "Apo-carbamazepine," "Karbapin" futhi "Storilat", "Tegretol" futhi "Epial" et al.

Physiotherapy zokwelapha

Ukubuyisela umsebenzi yezinzwa esigabeni ngasebenzi lesi sifo amiswa:

• massage;
• reflexology;
• electrophoresis;
• hydrotherapy;
• therapy magnetic.

ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya kufanele kube kusuka ukwelashwa 7 kuya ku-10.