Izitayela isiRashiya. Isiko yokukhuluma kanye nesitayela

Igatsha wesayensi etadisha zokwaluka isiRashiya, ibizwa ngokuthi isitayela. Stylistics - isiyalo ngokolimi esebenzelana shtudirovaniem esebenzisa inkulumo yokukhuluma kanye cwaningo umsebenzi imithetho yolimi, okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa esobala kakhulu futhi kudingekile bathole ezinye zezici zalo e kwencika oqondile ngomongo, incazelo, ukuhlanganisa kanye isimo esithile. Ungakhetha Paradigm ezilandelayo: Ulimi stylistics (bayichezukisa ekutadisheni imithombo yayo), isitayela yokukhuluma (adalule uhlelo umbhalo okuqondene ukuba silandele isitayela esithile), futhi isitayela umbhalo. Popular ukukhishwa sezilimi Odintsov. Uhlola kanjani kwehlisa izindlela kutsi bakwati kutakhela ematheksthi imisebenzi nesimo, kubonisa kahle ukuthi kudingeka ukhethe ulimi kusho ukudala ukuba silandele isitayela esithile impahla, kanye nokusetshenziswa lezi zimali ezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

Inkinga eyinhloko esigabeni "inkulumo izitayela of isiRashiya" kungenziwa ngokuthi imfundiso kaZiqu-kuyinsakavukela. Kuyinto uhlobo isampula (lucebe, isipelingi, ifonotiki, ukuphimisela, semantic, okunengqondo, morphological, izimpawu zokubhala, phraseological, sitayela, bheke, njll), ngaphandle lapho ukuhlolwa qualitative kwakuyoze kube yimpumelelo. Kukhona division esiku kwezinkambiso ngokolimi nesitayela. Ulimi ekuhloleni ukukhethwa efanele kanye nokusebenzisa izinsiza lolulwimi cobo lwalo. A sitayela kunquma ukuthi kuhle ukuba akhethe elilodwa noma olunye uhlobo, izingxenye, amayunithi maqondana isimo yekuchumana.

Ngokwesibonelo: ibinzana "ukwakha inqolobane" ngokuya kuyinsakavukela ngokolimi sifana canons, njengoba uma ubhala akuvunyelwe amaphutha kulelizinga. Kodwa kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa inhlanganisela isitayela inadmissible - Ithokheni "ukwakha" libhekisela isitayela okusezingeni eliphezulu (art), futhi igama elithi "esibayeni" - endaweni ingxoxo, njengoba zihlukile ngokwemvelo zokwaluka isiRashiya. Lokho kuphambene le nhlanganisela kuyinsakavukela yesitayela.

Ngakho, singakwazi ukubona izitayela ezinjalo ngolimi lwanamuhla Russian :

• isitayela bokubeka inkulumo;
• Elementary;
• umcwaningi;
• iphephandaba kanye lesibonwa;
• ulimi ibhizinisi.

Zonke izitayela of isiRashiya babe bebodwa, esiyingqayizivele kuye ababehlahle, izici oluhlelekile izimpawu izindlela ngokungemile kubenza bavame ukuba amaphethini ajwayelekile inhlangano yokukhuluma kanye nokusebenza Isib.

Ngokwesibonelo, isayensi isitayela isici umnqopho, logic, ngokuvamile, inhlangano, esiqinile compositional homogeneity, ukungaguquguquki - esinyathelweni sitayela (kusukela umgomo oyinhloko - ukudluliswa kolwazi lwesayensi); kodwa ezingeni kolimi izindlela - Isimiso nemetaforichnosti, inani elikhulu imigomo, emabito etintfo longeke design kohlaziyo, isivinini okokufaka eziyinkimbinkimbi. inkulumo Business libhekene standartizovannostyu combinability okuncane kwamazwi, kuba inhlanganisela, kuphoqelekile, esisemthethweni ukuhambisana nemithetho.

Iphephandaba kanye nesitayela lesibonwa senzelwe ukuwudlulisela idlulisele ukwaziswa emphakathini efanele. It bavunyelwe inkulumo ethile, wezwakalisa luhlangotsi ukudluliselwa amaqiniso umgomo.

Izici eziyinhloko Enkulumweni eyayivame - inkhulumomphendvulwano, kalula, imishwana ngakanye, emotionality, imiva, imisho akuphelele, inani elikhulu izicelo iletha, ukunciphisa share izingxenye ezibalulekile yokukhuluma kanye predominance izinhlayiya, izejwayezi kwedivayisi amafomu yayisikhululeke kakhudlwana (ngenxa selulwimi lolukhulunywako), ukuze ngokukhethekile amagama . Art ke umuntfu unelilungelo ngamabomu ukwephulwa yamazinga ngokolimi, uma kuzoba ezisebenza kuthethelelwe. ukusebenza wakhe - izindlela angokomfanekiso bayaxoxa, archaisms, ulimi lwesigodi, neologisms, ukusetshenziswa kabanzi tropes (izingathekiso, ukuqhathanisa, tiphawulo, ihaba, ukulingisela).

Lawa izitayela eyinhloko isiRashiya futhi incazelo emfushane ngamunye.