Novella - kuyini? Incazelo. Umlando. Imisebenzi engcono

Omunye izinhlobonhlobo uhlobo eqanjiwe Yindaba. Hlobo luni ifomu lelandzisako, ingabe uyofunda kulesi sihloko.

Inchazelo

Novella - kuyini? Lokhu gama lisho uhlobo uhlobo lelandzisako temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba, ukushaya emhloleni libhekene, sakhiwo acute isethulo kokungathathi hlangothi isitayela, ukungabi kwengqondo umphumela ongalindelekile. I-Russian kwemibhalo ukuhlukanisa phakathi imigomo "inoveli" futhi "indaba". Nokho, umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili kufiphele kakhulu. Ngokusho B. M. Eyhenbauma, inoveli scene izindlela, kuyilapho Indaba isici ngokwengqondo isitayela lembhali kanye lelandzisako. Goethe ngokuthi isihloko inoveli "Kufeziwe bekangaziwa mcimbi." B. V Tomashevsky ngokuhunyushwa igama elithi "indaba" njengoba Russian ngqo efanayo netemu igama elithi "inoveli". Lo mbono kuyinto okungenasisekelo, kusukela umehluko ngezilimi kakhulu ngaso sonke senziwa phakathi le miqondo emibili.

imisuka zofuzo

Uhlobo "inoveli" iphindela Folk yezinganekwane, izinganekwane, imizekeliso kanye ezilula. Ezulazulayo Folk yezinganekwane KweNkathi Ephakathi ekugcineni yaba amaqoqo eziyinkimbinkimbi ehleliwe, lapho Ziyathandelana izakhi kwansuku zonke futhi bemilingo, "Kathasaritsagara" "Panchatantra", "encwadini Sindbadova", "Hezar-Efsan," "A Thousand no One Nights." Kuzo zonke lezi imisebenzi ekuqaleni noveli yesimanje. Kusukela kule ndaba elandiswayo ifomu anecdote kuyahluka hhayi yamahlaya futhi enesihawu noma ngendaba ebuhlungu. Kusukela inganekwane - ukuntuleka didacticism. Endzabeni magic ibonwa njengoba ungamandla angaphezu kwavamile, nokuthi ihluke inganekwane.

indaba zakudala

Esikhathini Renaissance, kuchazwa izici eziyisisekelo lolu hlobo. Indaba zakudala kuzomele sifake sakhiwo, umvuthwandaba futhi sincumo. Esichasiselweni e umkhiqizo ozikhethela. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, lolu hlobo libhekene ezingalindelekile "Sokolin" Ithuba (en Pointe), okuyinto, ngokusho-Aristotle, uhambelana okwamanje kokubonwa noma vicissitudes. Ngokwesibonelo, Shklovsky ezichazwe kule noveli hhayi njengoba indaba mayelana othandweni ezazinalo ujabule, kodwa njengoba incazelo uthando izithiyo ukuthi zinhlamvu uzama ukunqoba. Iqoqo edume kakhulu tindzaba letimfisha ku Renaissance kwaba "Decameron" Dzhovanni Bokkachcho.

Novella emlandweni

Novella - kuyini? kwenkathi ngayinye etemibhalo ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Romanticism onikezwe isinyathelo uhlobo inkolo eyayinaso. Esikhathini "Sandman" Hoffmann umahluko phakathi nezenzakalo zangempela nokuchazwa kwayo engqondweni hero sika usule. Kuze kube obhekwe okwangempela enovelini siswele Psychology nefilosofi, mayelana nezwe engaphakathi iqhawe kungenziwa yahlulelwe yizenzo zakhe. Umbhali akazange alilahle ukuhlolwa kwabo okwenzekayo. Njengoba sekunama-okwangempela inoveli okufana yayo classical cishe iphele. Esikhundleni lolu hlobo woza nezinye izinhlobo temibhalo yephrozi. ERussia, endaweni yokuqala kukhona indaba, lapho isikhathi eside kwaba uhlobo indaba. Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, uW Marly, V. Odoyevski - amakhosi wavuma kwendaba emfushane.

Imisebenzi engcono

Daba, tindzaba letimfisha kusukela eminyakeni ezahlukene njalo yabakhanga kumfundi wanamuhla. Lokhu uhlobo has ngokwako amagciwane zemfihlakalo, yesayensi, umphenyi. Edgar Allan Poe phakathi nekhulu le-19, wabhala imisebenzi emangalisayo ezingaqondakali ezifana "The Fall of the House Usher," "Ligeia", "A Tale of the Ragged Izintaba," "Vilyam Vilson." Lokhu umbhali isezingeni umsuka adventure ( "Golden Beetle") futhi umphenyi (amanoveli mayelana umphenyi Dupin) temibhalo yephrozi. izindaba kungashintshiwe eyayithandwa O. uHenry. Le ngcweti eziphikisanayo yamahlaya yasungulwa inoveli kabili ithuba, zamanga futhi ngempela, lapho umfundi ungakulungele. Izindaba "Izipho we izazi", "Umholi Redskins," "Sable Russian", "Debut Tildy" funda umoya. Novella - kuyini? Prosper Merime, gi de Mopassan, Tofil gote, Anton laseChekhov, Konan Doyl, Lyudvig Tik - ngalinye kulawa abalobi impendulo ehlukile kulo mbuzo, kwaqinisekisa nokuthi kungenzeka ukudala yobuciko kweqiniso uhlobo letingasiwo emaciniso.