Ngokwempilo yangenyama Perinatal: Definition, Izimbangela, izibalo

Izinga lokufa kwezingane ungakazalwa phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu eziyisikhombisa ngemva kokuba - inkinga akuyona into entsha. Uma ngaphambili ayikwazanga ukunquma ngenxa ikhwalithi embi ukunakekelwa azoya (ngemva kwekhefu uvele kuphela 20s of XX leminyaka., Futhi ngaphambi zonke wabeletha at nogogo-ababelethisi), manje ngokwempilo yangenyama perinatal, okungukuthi eside Kuchaza lesi simanga, eduze wafunda odokotela, labantu, ochwepheshe abavela ezinhlanganweni ezehlukene.

Wona kanye umqondo welithi yokufa perinatal - kungukufa umbungu nge sonto amabili nesishiyagalombili wokukhula kwengane esiswini emva izinsuku le ukuzalwa komntwana. Okwamanje, wonke amazwe aye kuqondaniswe izinkomba ukuze ukwazi ukuqhathanisa izibalo sifika eziphethweni ezithile. Lolu cwaningo izimbangela yokufa perinatal - omunye imisebenzi esemqoka lodokotela. It is ukwazi imbangela, uzokwazi wokuqeda lesi simo.

Ukuze ukuqonde kangcono lokho okuhilelekile kubaluleke, ukuphila ekujuleni kancane izibalo ezomile. Ukuze ukubala perinatal bebeletha is kunakwe-fetus noma kuzalwa, ogama mass ingaphezu eyodwa kilogram, futhi uma isisindo akukwazi ukusungulwa, ngenkathi kucatshangelwa imethrikhi ukusebenza - ubude umzimba kumele kube ngamasentimitha angaphezu kuka amathathu nanhlanu, okuhambelana amasonto amabili nesishiyagalombili wokukhula kwengane esiswini.

Ngo izibalo jikelele bathi izithelo enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angaphezu iphawundi, amasentimitha amabili nanhlanu ubude, nezingalo amasonto 22 okukhulelwa. Kungani wemukeleke lezo zibalo? Kusukela ngo-1993, i-WHO ithi izincomo ezivela ukuthi inkathi nokuthuthukisa izingane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule. Okungukuthi, empeleni basuke waqaphela njengoba ezizalwa ziphila, okusho ukuthi noma iyiphi ukufa fetus kubhekwa yangenyama. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi emhlabeni kukhona amacala ukufukamela ingane nge isisindo enjalo futhi leli gama.

Uma ukufa kwenzeke ngemuva kokubeletha ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa zokuqala, noma ingane yazalwa efile, kodwa egcwele eside futhi iphila, odokotela abaphatha lokuzalwa, kukhona bebophekile ukuba azise iziphathimandla sokubhalisa civil. Lapho nokubhalisa ngokwempilo yangenyama perinatal isitifiketi wezokwelapha ekhishwe isampula ethile. Uma ukukhulelwa akuyona isithelo ozalwa, kukhulunywa wenziwa ngamunye bomntwana oshonile. Ukuze sibe esikhathini esizayo, izimbangela zalo uvinjelwe ngokwempilo yangenyama perinatal asethwe yi kwesidumbu, okuyinto esiyisibopho. Isiphetho yokugcina unikezwa ngumuntu sezifo njengoba yomgogodla futhi unamathele isitifiketi.

Phakathi kwezimbangela yokufa perinatal Kuhle kokusho ukuzalwa ekhaya, okuye muva nje sekuwumkhuba. Futhi omama ngokuvamile abaqapheli ukuthi ukuzalwa ekhaya, eqinisweni, zenzeke ngaphandle kokusekelwa nezisebenzi zokwelapha, ngoba ngisho khona udokotela ngaphandle ezanele imishini yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule yezokwelapha kungasizi ingane uma kuphakama isidingo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokuzalwa ekhaya umthunzi lobugebengu lapho umama efuna ukuqeda ingane kumzwise ukulimaza ngokuqondile. Kulokhu, lo kwesidumbu ukhiqiza uchwepheshe forensic. Empeleni, kuba yithuba Isivivinyo, ngoba lapha icala ngokugcwele elala unina, ngubani ngezenzo zabo awazange afake isandla ukuze inkambo evamile bokubeletha.

Uma ingane ishona ngesikhathi ngesonto lokuqala, bese-ke ebhaliswe ehhovisi lokubhalisa kabili: okokuqala njengoba kuzalwa, futhi okwesibili njengoba oshonile.

Ngezinye ukuhlola isidumbu, odokotela bavame uqaphela angahlangani fetus, okuyinto kwabangelwa ukugula sikanina, ukuxakeka e yokukhulelwa.

ngokwempilo yangenyama Perinatal uboniswa isilinganiso bonke abantu abafayo engu perinatal enombolweni yezingane ezizalwa iphindwe ayinkulungwane. Kubalulekile kakhulu simo izimbangela zokufa kusukela asphyxia ka fetus ukuthuthukiswa ukukhubazeka, inyumoniya, izifo igazi. Abafayo perinatal kwehliselwe, lokhu kugadwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngaphansi kokuhlolisisa esithile kukhona nabesifazane engozini (ngokuyinhloko izithelo, emva kwezisu amaningi abaphethwe nezifo zomzimba, starorodyaschimi). Akukhona odokotela kuphela, kodwa futhi owesifazane kufanele bakulungele ukuzalwa kwengane enempilo, ukuphila ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko likadokotela, ukuqhuba ngendlela efanele yokuphila, give up imikhuba emibi.