Ngempumelelo ukukhwehlela imithi abadala. Imithi for nebulizer uma ukhwehlela

Kukhwehlela kungenzeka kungahlali kuwuphawu isifo, kuba reflex ezibalulekile zokuzivikela, umzimba kuqeda phlegm futhi imizimba angaphandle yomoya. Lapho ukuqala ukwelashwa futhi yini imithi engcono kuthathwe ukukhwehlela kufanele ibuzwe kudokotela. It is hhayi njalo izidakamizwa eqolo zizosebenza kakhulu. Uma ubheka, ngezinye izikhathi iyona engcono nje ukuthi imithi ukukhwehlela, intengo zazo ububanzi silinganisela ngendlela enengqondo.

izizathu

Lesi sifo kungadalwa yizinto eziningi izici ezimbi. Ngokuzumayo ukukhwehlela reflex kusiza ukususa emphinjeni kanye, umhubhe zokuphefumula kusukela ezinhlayiyeni angaphandle, nezilwanyana ezincanyana, abakucasulayo nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Ngokwemvelo yayo, kuba kokubili okungalindelekile futhi ngenhloso. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu izigaba reflex ukukhwehlela:

• ukuphefumula;
• ukuphelelwa isikhathi ngempoqo glottis avaliwe, okuyinto etholakala engxenyeni phakathi amalaka;
• ngesikhathi kuvulwa glottis kukhona ukukhululwa kuqhume emoyeni, ngakho ukukhwehlela has a isici umsindo.

Imbangela yale zezifo zokuphefumula ipheshana izifo ezifana umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Amagciwane bangaphila emzimbeni nokubonisa izimpawu ezahlukene ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukubhema nakho iwela isigaba yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukukhwehlela ne isici umsindo, okuthiwa "ukukhwehlela obhemayo sika". Kulokhu, lesi sifo singumbulali ezingamahlalakhona futhi kunzima ukuyelapha. Asthma ngokuvamile eba ebuntwaneni futhi kuhilela isici kwesifuba, okwenza kube lula ukuhlonza isifo. isifuba somoya Sinzima zidinga ukwelashwa eside, ngenye indlela lesi sifo kuthatha ifomu okungamahlalakhona, uhlala nomuntu kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

Ezinye izici okubangela ukukhwehlela reflex umonakalo intambo vocal zihlanganisa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (pneumonia, ukukhwehlela whooping, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula), embolism yamaphaphu, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, emathunjini Reflux ukudla, kanye izinkinga ezingokwengqondo, kanti ezinye izidakamizwa.

Ukwahlukaniswa izifo

Ngaphambi kokukhetha imithi ukukhwehlela abadala kufanele kuchazwe, ibhekisela kulokho hlobo. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokubonisa sifo:

• abukhali - livela ngokuzumayo futhi ihlala amasonto 2-3;
• subacute - lolu hlobo zingaba khona cishe usuku 3 kuya kwayisi-8;
• ezingamahlalakhona - siqhubeka amasonto angaphezu kuka-8;
• ezimanzi, olumanzi noma elikhiqizayo - uqhubeka nenqubo kumiswa phlegm, ngivuka le umgudu;
• ezomile noma nonproductive - okubuhlungu sebekhathele ukukhonkotha kwazo ukukhwehlela ne expectoration okuyinto ayakhekanga;
• ebusuku - kuphela okwenzeka ebusuku, ngesikhathi sokulala lesiguli.

Sasho uhlobo lwesifo kuzovumela ukhethe ngempumelelo ukukhwehlela imithi abadala, okuyinto ngokushesha izimpawu futhi adambise isimo lesiguli.

sitholakele isifo

Njengomthetho, udokotela onekhono inquma uhlobo lesi sifo, omema isipiliyoni sakhe wezokwelapha, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase zidinga eyengeziwe sivivinyo seluhlololucwaningo. Ngaphambi kokuba unqume okuyinto engcono ukukhwehlela imithi endabeni ethile, ukubekela eceleni izifo yezitho zangaphakathi (inhliziyo, isisu, yegilo indlala), okuchukuluza ukusikwa okungalindelekile kwamaphaphu, diaphragm abangela izifo.

Engeziwe ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani abakwaziyo zihlanganisa isikhwehlela lesiguli, X-reyi yesifuba, spirometry, nokuningi. Ukukhwehlela ezithathelwanayo imvelo ikhambi ezinye izidakamizwa ukusetshenziswa webhaktheriya bahluke ngokuphelele izidakamizwa. Uma, ukwenza isibonelo, isifuba somoya sitholakale isiguli, isiguli kokuba ebekwe izindlela eziqondile.

Esingayenza ngaphandle kokuthi siphathe ukukhwehlela ezithathelwanayo

Ukutheleleka noma ukukhwehlela viral has izici zayo siqu. Wayevame eba ngokuzumayo, ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2, futhi kungaba ecasulayo ngempela. izimpawu engeziwe zihlanganisa ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukucobeka ngezinye izikhathi imfiva. Kwezinye izimo, ukutheleleka asithinti nje kuphela yomoya futhi amavesi acinene kodwa ke izimpawu yisisu ekhaleni Imigudu. Ikhambi emphinjeni nokukhwehlela kulokhu kufanele iqondiswe ekulweni igciwane lohlobo. Relief izimpawu kuze izivikeli mzimba ngeke balahle ukutheleleka, laba kanjani nesandla ekuphathweni izidakamizwa "paracetamol", "i-ibuprofen" futhi "aspirin". Asiza ukunciphisa ukushisa, ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa ubuhlungu. Amanani for mikhiqizo ziphansi futhi uhla ruble 150-300. Ngaphambi ukuthatha imithi ukukhwehlela enjalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuzomele ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalelo, ukuze ukulimaza umntwana esikhathini esizayo.

Phakathi ukwelashwa, isiguli kufanele zithole ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi ukuvimbela amanzi emzimbeni futhi, njengoba bayathanda ukuveza ugogo, "iphume" ukutheleleka emzimbeni. Ebalulekile ekwelapheni uzoyeka ukubhema (uma kukhona lo mkhuba omubi). intuthu kagwayi hhayi kuphela kuphakamisa isifo, kodwa futhi eshubisa busebenze. Sebenzisa noma iyiphi imithi ngoba ezomile ukukhwehlela abadala kuleli cala ngeke kukusize ngalutho kuso. Ukuqeda ukucasulwa ubala futhi ubuhlungu emphinjeni ukusiza abancela nemfica. Imithi elwa namagciwane ngokuvamile abanconywa, njengoba ungambulali virus ukutheleleka.

ukwelashwa ukukhwehlela webhaktheriya

Imithi ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula nokukhwehlela ziqondiswe liquefaction ka isikhwehlela futhi sithuthukise inqubo yayo kwehlukana. Lesi sifo kwetintfo webhaktheriya ka igciwane lohlobo lwe, uma kukhona igciwane yesibili by amagciwane (amabhaktheriya). imihlola okunjalo kungaphumela ukuthuthukiswa ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, inyumoniya, isifuba somoya, pleurisy, kanye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula. Kulokhu, wabele ephumelela kunazo ukukhwehlela imithi abadala, okuthiwa ama-antibiotic. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse isifo esibangelwe igciwane, izimpawu izimpawu imfiva, ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula nzima, okuyinto ngokuvamile ehambisana nobutha amakhwela futhi kwesifuba. Uma ukukhwehlela ihlala isikhathi eside, igazi zingase isikhwehlela. Ngeshwa, ama-bacterium nezimo kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa eside kwamaphilisi kubenza livikela kakhulu zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene. Ezimweni umile ekwelapheni iziguli ebekiwe izidakamizwa kusukela ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula nokukhwehlela amalungiselelo e inhlanganisela ezahlukene ukuze bathole ukuthi kusebenze kakhulu imiphumela yokwelapha.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zonke imithi elwa namagciwane kumele kusetshenziswe inhloso yazo. Umthelela mithi emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi buthakathaka. Uma ungenalo ugcwalise Yiqiniso ebekiwe yokwelapha, kwandisa amathuba ukuthi bayakufa ukuthuthukisa olumelana nemithi microorganism. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka ukuphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane uma nje udokotela esabela, ngaphandle kokuma ukwelashwa emva izimpawu zinyamalale.

Khiqiza noma abakhiqizi?

Khiqiza noma ukukhwehlela ezimanzi ngokuvamile ewusizo, ngoba kusiza amaphaphu amashubhu bronchial ukuqeda isikhwehlela futhi phlegm, ngaleyo ndlela abacindezela akunandaba mqondo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi esikhethekile ukukhwehlela ne phlegm, ukuthuthukisa inqubo ukuqedwa kanye lula ukuphefumula nesineke.

I ezomile noma nonproductive ukukhwehlela izimpawu ezahlukene ezicindezelayo: lokujabulela okuqhubekayo umphimbo obuhlungu, ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye nobuhlungu kuqhoqhoqho (noma bronchi). Isikhwehlela is ayakhekanga, ukuthi ukuvimbela nesineke ukukhwehlela.

Imithi ezomile ukukhwehlela abadala kufanele abe nesandla ukungenelela kanye nokususwa phlegm kwakhiwa. Kwathi lapho eqala ukuba bahlale ngokwehlukana, kuthathwa ngokuthi yokutakula luseduze, kuze kube yileso sikhathi ukutheleleka uyowumisa "ehlezi" e yomoya. Yini ukukhetha ukukhwehlela imithi abadala, ixhomeke nezimbangela zayo (ukutheleleka, komzimba, njll). Lapho ubunjalo iguliswa nesineke isifo antihistamine esimisiwe, igciwane - ejenti elwa namagciwane, futhi webhaktheriya - antibiotic. Ukuze izidakamizwa, kuyakunciphisa izimpawu zesifo kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo expectoration, zihlanganisa izindlela "Bromhexine", "Ambroxol", "Mukaltin" nezinye mucolytics. Uma izimpawu yayibuhlungu kangangokuthi ukuvimbela ubuthongo, ikhambi kangcono isifuba esomile abadala - ke suppressants, okuyinto ukucindezela reflex ukukhwehlela. Lezi zihlanganisa nemithi "pholcodine" "kodterpin", "Sinekod" nabanye. Ewusizo kakhulu uma non-elikhiqizayo ukukhwehlela ubisi ne ukwengeza baking soda, amaminerali amanzi "Borjomi", noma yimuphi omunye lamanzi esiphethu zemvelo. Okuhle expectorant imithi futhi kumasayiraphu, isibonelo izidakamizwa "Bronholitin", kumasayiraphu ukhova, lwebhece impande, ivy.

Ukukhwehlela imithi okuthiwa phlegm expectorant. Bona lula ukudedelwa isikhwehlela kusukela amashubhu bronchial kanye emaphashini bese neqhaza kususwe ngokushesha. Ukuthola imithi expectorant okudingekayo uma kwenziwa inani elikhulu isikhwehlela obukhulu. Lesi sigaba amathuluzi ezifana ukukhwehlela imithi phlegm, zihlanganisa amaphilisi kanye kumasayiraphu "Lasolvan", "Prospan", "Givalex", "Flavamed", "ACC", nabanye. amanani izidakamizwa ziyahlukahluka phakathi ruble 250-400. Ithuluzi efanayo ngeke kuthathwe isikhathi eside, njengoba kungase kube nokubekezelelana omzimba izidakamizwa, futhi ukwelashwa kuyoba ayizwakali. Ngilusizo umsebenzi ongaphandle, ukuphuza ngokweqile futhi ephefumula, uma kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo ukukhwehlela ezimanzi. Imithi ukuthi isiguli kuthatha, kumele udokotela, njengoba self kungaba nemiphumela emibi.

Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa, noma iyiphi inqubo yokwelapha kumele wasondela ngokucophelela okukhulu, nokukhwehlela akuyona ngaphandle. Yiqiniso, elinde ukuzalwa komntwana, owesifazane kufanele banakekele impilo bese uyazama hhayi ukuthi sigule. Uma kwenzeka lokugula unga akazibekanga medicate, ngoba ikhambi kangcono ukukhwehlela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - lowo ngeke ukulimaza ingane. Ngokuvamile, omama abakhulelwe uthanda imithi yendabuko, kodwa ngisho lapha kukhona ezinye izingibe. Iqiniso ukuthi akuwona wonke amakhambi badalwa belingana: ezinye zazo kungaba enobuthi noma ayingozi. Ngaphambi kokuqala ekwelapheni ukukhwehlela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa njalo kumele uxhumane nodokotela wakho mayelana zibheke nokuphepha ekutholeni lezi noma ngezinye izindlela. Imithi zidayiswa kule ekhemisi, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa impande isiraphu lwebhece kanye ukhova, Syrups "Prospan" "Givalex" "Erespal".

zokupheka kwesiko

imithi Kuphephile emphinjeni nokukhwehlela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe - candies kukhona okuzenzela. I contraindication kuphela ukusetshenziswa lozenges (noma ukuncipha inombolo yabo) kuyinto amazinga aphakeme kashukela. Ngokuba ukulungiswa lozenges ukuxubanisa ushukela nge decoction of Thyme. Ukuxuba isilinganiso: 300 amagremu isihlabathi ngayinye namamililitha 100 umhluzi. Ukuncibilikisa ushukela kule Thyme umhluzi, uthele i isitsha koqweqwe lwawo futhi ngomlilo. Ubilise isiraphu azungeze 20 amaminithi, ibangele ngezikhathi ezithile kuwo. Uma mass iqala yokuzigxilisa, spoon ukuze awathele abicah isikhunta ukuze iqhwa. Lezi candies kungaba chaza usuku lonke, kukhwehlela izobanjelwa ekupheleni ngowokuqala - a esiphezulu ngosuku sesibili sokwelashwa.

Khwehlela imithi, intengo okuyinto elincane, ibuye ukulungiselela ekhaya. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kusho iyona ephephile futhi okungenani ngempumelelo. Ukuze alungiselele, uzodinga ilitha ubisi 1 isanqante ezinkulu. Izaqathi ehlutshiwe, uthathe 2-3 izicucu, wafaka ubisi wagqoka umlilo uyephuza bayethe. Lapho ubisi abilisiwe phansi ngesigamu, kufanele sokukhipha, epholile futhi baphuze usuku lonke izingxenyana ezincane ngesimo ukushisa.

Ukusetshenziswa nebulizer ekwelapheni ukukhwehlela

Nebulizer - kuyisu elisetshenziswa ukuletha izidakamizwa ngqo yomoya emaphashini. Yenta loku ngokuguqula imithi uketshezi isifutho okungase kalula imuncwe.

Imithi Nebulizer uma ukhwehlela zihlanganisa:

• corticosteroids imuncwe - izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala endimeni zokuphefumula, esadaleka ngenxa ukuvuvukala yayo;
• bronchodilators - imithi ekwelapheni somoya;
• izidakamizwa nonsteroidal eqeda ukuvuvukala - ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala e yomoya, kodwa musa ukulawula izimpawu somoya nomzimba.

Ukuvimbela ukukhwehlela e abadala

Uma umuntu uvele ukukhwehlela, ukwelashwa, imithi kungukuthi kuphela akhiqiza nomphumela omuhle, kodwa futhi sibe nomthelela omubi umzimba: ukubhodloza izivikeli mzimba. Kunalokho sizodingida okusigwema futhi ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba ukuvimbela isifo. Izinyathelo zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:

• Gwema hypothermia, ukugqoka izingubo ezifudumele ngenkathi ezibandayo.
• Kuyadingeka ukuba zigeze izandla njalo phakathi nenkathi ka imikhuhlane nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukusabalala igciwane elibangela ukukhwehlela.
• Gwema ukuthintana nabantu unezimpawu imikhuhlane noma izifo ezithathelwanayo, yebo, uma kungenzeka.
• Yeka ukubhema noma yimuphi umkhiqizo kagwayi (kuhlanganise kaShisha). nokugenca Dry "ukukhwehlela obhemayo sika" kusho ukuthi amaphaphu abantu bahlale ucasukile. Isimo esinjalo angeke nje kuholele ezinye yezinkinga ezifana ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula noma inyumoniya, kodwa futhi kuye ezinkingeni ezimbi kakhulu bemvelo oncological.
• Kubalulekile ukugwema umthelela emzimbeni kagwayi (okubizwa ngokuthi "yokuhogela intuthu kagwayi") ekhaya, emsebenzini, nasezindaweni zomphakathi.
• Kwandzisa linani uketshezi kudliwe nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukugcina izinga isikhwehlela e yomoya ku uhla evamile futhi kuvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Phakathi nenkathi ka imikhuhlane nezifo ezithathelwanayo Kufanele uthole umkhuhlane esingu njalo ngonyaka.