Mikhail Efimovich Fradkov: biography, career, umsebenzi

UMikhail Efimovich Fradkov ungumbusi waseRussia kanye nomuntu obhekene nesayensi yezomnotho. Wabekwa umeluleki we-Mission Mission eRussia ku-UN nezinye izinhlangano. Uphethe isikhundla sekhanda likahulumeni, kodwa kusukela ngo-2007 wadluliselwa ku-service intelligence yangaphandle uMikhail Efimovich Fradkov, lapho manje ephethe isikhundla somqondisi. Phakathi kokufaneleka kwakhe yisigaba sezempi se-colonel yokugcina indawo kanye nesigaba sikahulumeni someluleki wezwe waseRussia.

Biography of Fradkov Mikhail Efimovich

Wazalwa ngoSepthemba 1, 1950 eKurumoch, esifundeni saseKibyshev, esasibizwa ngokuthi iSamara. Umndeni kaMikhail Efimovich waba nompapa, umama nodade osemusha ogama lakhe lingu-Olga. E-Territory yaseKrasnodar, umndeni wakwaFradkov uvela ngemuva kukayise, owaqokwa njengenhloko yocwaningo lwezokwelapha kulezo zindawo ngokuphathelene nokwakhiwa kwesitimela. Ngemva kokuqedwa kwenqubo yokwakha, amaFradkovs abuyela eMoscow.

UMikhail Efimovich waphumelela esikoleni sama-170 esikoleni saseMoscow (i-physics kanye nezibalo zamathematika). Phakathi kokuzilibazisa kwakhe kwakuyi-volleyball nokuvakashela kwendulungu yesithombe. Othisha bamqaphela njengomfundi okhuthele futhi okhuthele. UMikhail Efimovich Fradkov, oneminyaka engu-66 ubudala, okwamanje uphethe umsebenzi we-Russian Foreign Intelligence Service.

Iminyaka yabafundi

Ngemva kokuphothula iziqu wangena eMoscow State Technical University "Stankin" futhi wathola idijithali kwezobunjiniyela. I-Institute yaqeda iziqu nge-diploma ebomvu ngo-1972. Ngenkathi isifundo, ithatha ingxenye esebenzayo emsebenzini weKomunisi yamaKhomanisi, yayiyilungu layo kuze kube yilapho kuwa ngo-1991. Ngo-1972, uMikhail Fradkov wadlulisela izifundo ezikhethekile ngesiNgisi lapho efunda khona. Kulesi senzakalo, kwakukhona amahemuhemu ahlukahlukene. Ngokusho kolwazi olungavumelekile, uFradkov wafunda inkambo ekhethekile yesiNgisi ngokuxoshwa kwi-KGB.

Uhambo lwezamabhizinisi phesheya

Ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, wabelwa eNew Delhi, eNdiya, ukuba asebenze eMbusweni WaseSoviet, lapho uFradkov ehlala khona kulokhu kwaze kwafika ngo-1975. Wamiswa njengomuntu ohumusha injini. Ngaleso sikhungo sebhizinisi ngaleso sikhathi bathumela izihlobo eziseduze zezikhulu eziphezulu noma izikhulu ze-KGB. Ngenxa yalolu hambo, abaningi banesithakazelo sokuthi uthole kanjani lokhu okuthunyelwe futhi, ngokujwayelekile, ngubani uFradkov Mikhail Efimovich. I-biography kuyi-version esemthethweni ayinakho ulwazi mayelana nenkonzo yakhe ku-intelligence.

Kusukela ngo-1975 kuya ku-1978, uMikhail Efimovich wasebenza njengenjiniyela omkhulu wehlangano yeTyazhprominvest, eyayihlanganyela ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo emkhakheni wezolimo. Lapha, lo mbusi usebenza njengephini lesikhulu sokuhlela nokuphathwa kwezebhizinisi, kusukela ngo-1982 kuya ku-1984 - inhloko yokuphathwa kwezomnotho. Ngo-1981, lesi sikhulu sathola iziqu eSikoleni Sokuhweba Kwangaphandle.

Umsebenzi wokuqala

Kwaze kwafika ngo-1988, uMnyango wezeMpilo we-Fradkov - iphini likaMnyango wezeMbuso wase-USSR, futhi wabamba iqhaza eqenjini elisebenzayo likaKonstantin Katushev, owayenguNgqongqoshe wezomnotho wangaphandle. Lesi sikhulu saqokwa njengomeluleki wokumelwa kweRussia ku-UN nakwezinye izinhlangano. Umelele isimo ku-GAAT, i-World Trade Organization yanamuhla. Ngo-1991 waba nguSekela likaPeter Aven, uNgqongqoshe wezobudlelwane bezomnotho wangaphandle, manje oyinhloko ye-Alfa Bank kanye nomunye wabantu abacebile kakhulu ezweni. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe ukuthi ukuhweba kwamabhizinisi amakhulu okuthumela amafutha kwaqala eMnyango Wezobudlelwane Kwezezimali Zangaphandle. Ukuthengiswa okukhulu kunaleyo nkathi kwakuwukuthengwa kwenkampani yamafutha kahulumeni uNafta Moskva.

Imisebenzi Esebenzayo

Kusukela ngo-1993, uMikhail Efimovich Fradkov waba yisekela lokuqala kuNgqongqotjhe wezobudlelwane bezobudlelwane bezokuThengisa kwezeMali uDorydov . Phakathi neminyaka engama-90, ulwazi lwavela ngokumazi kukaFradkov noVladimir Putin. NjengoSekela likaNgqongqoshe wasebenza kuze kube ngu-1997, wabe eseqokwa esikhundleni. Mayelana. UNgqongqoshe kanye noNgqongqotjhe wezobudlelwane bezomNyango wezeMali kanye neRhwebo kaRhulumende Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uFradkov wamiswa njengoNgqongqoshe Wezohwebo waseRussia.

Entwasahlobo ka-1998, wakhethwa njengenhloko yebhodi labaqondisi base-Ingosstrakh, futhi engaphansi konyaka wamiswa njengomqondisi jikelele wenkampani yomshuwalense.

Ngo-2000, uhulumeni oholwa ngu-Stepashin washiya, futhi uFradkov wamiswa njengomphathi omkhulu wezokuphepha kwezomnotho kanye nephini likaNobhala weMkhandlu Wezokuphepha waseRussia.

Insizakalo kumaPhoyisa aseMelika weTela

Ngo-2001, entwasahlobo, uFradkov wamiswa njengomqondisi wenkonzo yamaphoyisa yentela, lapho esebenza kuze kube ngu-2003. Lapho eba yinhloko yamaphoyisa intela, abasebenzi bamangala ngokuthi uMikhail Efimovich Fradkov waba umqondisi. Yingaki iminyaka ayesebenza kuzo izikhundla zobuholi, kodwa wayengumphakathi, okumangazayo ngesimo esinjalo. Ngomsebenzi wakhe kulokhu okuthunyelwe, wadala imfundo eyayihloswe ngokubala abahlukumezi abakhokhisa intela futhi eqhuba umsebenzi ocacile nabo ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwezinhlaka zomthetho. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sakhe ehhovisi, isimo sokudalulwa kobugebengu sithuthukisiwe.

Futhi phakathi nesevisi yaxhaswa futhi yakha uchungechunge lwe-TV "uMaroseyka, 12" mayelana nokuphila nomsebenzi wamaphoyisa entela. Phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe, wazibonakalisa engumuntu oqaphele, ocabanga ngokucophelela ngezwi ngalinye nesenzo. I-FSNP yachithwa ehlobo ka-2003, futhi isikhulu saqala ukusebenza njengesikhonzi senyunyana, esimele izwe e-European Union. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwe-FSNP, abasebenzi abasebenza ngaphansi kohulumeni abambalwa bathuthele emnyangweni wekomidi lokulwa nezidakamizwa, futhi abaningi bahamba ngaphansi kwephiko loMnyango Wezangaphakathi.

Okuthunyelwe kwekhanda likahulumeni

Ngentwasahlobo ka-2004, uMikhail Yefimovich wamiswa esikhundleni sekhanda likahulumeni njengomengameli ovela kumengameli waseRussia esikhundleni sakhe, uMikhail Kasyanov. Ngo-Mashi 2, wakhethwa esikhundleni sokuba ngunqununu, futhi ngoMashi 5 wamukelwa ngokuvota ku-State Duma. Abaningi bambheka ukuthi uyasebenza kuphela, kodwa hhayi ukuthatha isinyathelo esinqunyiwe kule ndawo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba uhulumeni wayeholwa abasebenzi bomongameli. Ebekwe esikhundleni seNdunankulu uMikhail Efimovich Fradkov, ubuzwe bobuJuda, wathola ukusekelwa kona oyinhloko wezwe, othemba ukuthuthukisa isimo somphakathi wamaJuda esifundazweni. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqokwa kwakhe, uFradkov wabhapathizwa futhi waba indoda yase-Orthodox. Kodwa ngenxa yokubusa kwakhe, wenza izinguquko ezilandelayo:

1. Yenza izinguquko zokuphatha ngo-2004.
2. Ngaqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo olunikeza izindlu ezingabizi izakhamizi zaseRussia.
3. Ngisayine umtsetfosivivinywa lapho izinzuzo zishintshwa khona yisinxephezelo semali, okwabangela isiphepho semibhikisho phakathi kwabantu.
4. Uqalise amaphrojekthi kazwelonke "Ezempilo" kanye "Nemfundo".
5. Uqale ukuguqula izinsizakalo zezindlu nezomphakathi, ngenxa yalokho cishe izakhamuzi ezingaba yi-15% zingathatha indawo yokuhlala. Kulesi sigaba, imali yabathengi yakhangwa ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokwakha, okwakungavumela ukushintsha izimo zokubolekisa.

Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi komsebenzi kahulumeni

Umthethosivivinywa mayelana nokuguqulwa kokubuyiswa kwezibonelelo ngenxephezelo yemali ayithandwa kakhulu abantu beminyaka yobudala bomhlalaphansi, ngoba baphume ngemibhikisho yokubhikisha. Emibuthanweni bafuna ukuyeka umsebenzi kahulumeni, futhi ngenxa yalokho le phrojekthi yayineqhwa. Ngo-Mashi 2006, inhloko kahulumeni, ngokuqondene nomsebenzi onganelisekile wokulawula ukukhuphuka kwemali, yancoma inkonzo ngayinye futhi isongela ngokuxoshwa uma izikhulu zingalungisanga lesi simo.

Ngo-Septhemba 12, uVladimir Putin wathola isicelo esivela ekhanda likahulumeni ngokusula uhulumeni. UMikhail Efimovich Fradkov iminyaka eminingi ephethe izikhundla eziphezulu, kodwa waqhubeka egxeka lesi simo ngokubulawa kwama-oda okungaqondakali kanye nomsebenzi kahulumeni. Wachaza ukuyeka kwakhe njengesinyathelo esenza umengameli waseRussia asebenze ngokukhululekile izinqumo futhi angagcini izenzo zikahulumeni mayelana nokushintsha kwezombangazwe kuleli zwe.

Umqondisi Wezinsizakalo Zezobuhlakani Zangaphandle zezwe

UMongameli ngokwakhe wabonga uFradkov ngenkonzo yakhe eMlandland futhi waphawula ukukhula komnotho ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe, ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukuqaliswa kwemiklamo yomphakathi yaseRussia nokukhulisa imali yabo.

Isikhulu sasihlala njengenhloko kahulumeni kuze kufike uViktor Zubkov ngoSepthemba 2007.

UFradkov Mikhail Efimovich, owenziwe umsebenzi ohlonishwa uhulumeni, ngemuva kokuqokwa kukaNdunankulu waseRussia, wanikezwa uMongameli nge- Order of Merit yezwe laseBlandland futhi wamiswa njengomqondisi wenkonzo yezobuhlakani ngaphandle kweLebedev.

Isikhulu Somndeni

Ushadile no-Elena O. Fradkova, umndeni unamadodana amabili. Umkami unemfundo yezomnotho, kodwa okwamanje ayisebenzi. U-Elena unolwazi lokusebenza njengomchwepheshe wezokumaketha. Ngo-1978, kwazalwa indodana yokuqala uPeter, ngubani ophethe isikhundla somqondisi emnyangweni wezezimali futhi ungumengameli we-Vnesheconombank. Indodana encane kunazo zonke nguPavel, wazalwa ngo-1981 futhi wafunda esikoleni saseSuvorov, kodwa akazange aqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe wezempi. Waphumelela esikoleni sika-Federal Security Service futhi usebambisene noMnyango wezokuBambisana waseYurophu njengobhala wesithathu.

Ulwazi olunentshisekelo

UFradkov Mikhail Efimovich wazalelwa futhi wakhulela emndenini wamaJuda. Kukhona ulwazi ubaba wakhe, u-Yefim Fradkov, owayenguHero weSoviet Union, kodwa isikhulu saliphika lolu lwazi. Kukhona futhi inguqulo ehlukile. U-Efim Fradkov wabe esehlala esifundeni saseSamara, lapho evela khona, noFradkov Mikhail Efimovich. Igama langempela lelesi sikhulu lingashintsha, ngoba amaJuda ngaleso sikhathi ayishintsha yonke indawo.

Isikhulu senza indlela yokuphila enempilo, ayibhemi futhi ayiphuzi utshwala, njengoba ihlola isimo sempilo futhi ilandela ukuvinjelwa kodokotela. Emva kokufika kwakhe enkonzweni yezobuhlakani basezizwe, wamemezela umthetho obomile kakhulu kulabo abangaphansi kwakhe futhi uyabajezisa ngenxa yokwephulwa kwakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlelwa kanjani futhi bavuzwa kanjani.

Imiklomelo nemiklomelo

UMikhail Efimovich Fradkov ukhuluma izilimi ezimbili, kuhlanganise iSpanishi nesiNgisi. Wavikela indaba yakhe yokwezomnotho ngokuqondene nezindlela zanamuhla ezithinta ubudlelwane bomnotho kanye nezibopho zomnotho zangaphandle zombuso.

Umbusi wesifundazwe wanikezwa imiklomelo eminingi, phakathi kwawo yi-Order of Merit yezwe lakuleli lesibili nelesibili, i- Order of Honor and medals. Wanikezwa isihloko se "Honorary Officer of Counterintelligence yaseRussia" ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana phakathi kobuhlakani kanye noMnyango Wezomnotho Wezangaphandle. Wanikezwa futhi isihloko sesisebenzi esiphezulu se-counterintelligence ngo-1994, okubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu ku-Federal Security Service. I-Fradkov yayinomvuzo we-Andropov Umklomelo wokunikela kwakhe enhlanganweni yezokuphepha yezwe. Wenze okuningi eRussia futhi uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakhe njengenhloko ye-SVR.