Mesoderm - kuyinto eyandulela kwezitho eziningi nezicubu

Ontogeny yimuphi umzimba libhekene kumiswa izingqimba zamagciwane. Okunjalo bakudala zezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane, efana coelenterates kanye izipanji nucleus siqukethe izingqimba ezimbili kuphela: endoderm futhi yi-ectoderm. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinhlobo ezithuthukayo ezingaphezu eziphilayo, kukhona isiqeshana wesithathu iphepha - le-mesoderm.

Uyini mesoderm?

Ontogeny kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa ezilandelanayo we-embryo, okuyinto kuhambisana izinguquko eziningi e-morphology kanye anatomy umzimba abasha esizayo. Mesoderm - kuyinto leaf embryonic, edlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kahle kwezitho eziningi nezicubu. Okunjalo bakudala izilwane ezinamangqamuzana amaningi afana Hydra, jellyfish, amakhorali noma izipanji Akusikho lutho ngokuthi izilwane bilayer, t. Ukuze. Ngo inqubo ontogenesis aye amiswa ezimbili kuphela izingqimba zamagciwane.

mesoderm ukwakheka

Inqubo laying phakathi lwegciwane ungqimba emaqenjini ehlukene taxonomic lihlukile. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu indlela eyaziwa kahle kakhulu lapho mesoderm kwakhiwa: i teloblastichesky, futhi ectodermal enterocoel.

1. Teloblastichesky mesoderm wentuthuko ejwayelekile kwabaningi protostomes izilwane, futhi kusekelwe ukwakheka blastomeres. Ezinye zazo ngokukhethekile laying phakathi lwegciwane ungqimba, eyagcina uthatha uhlobo emapheshana ezimbili longitudinal ngokulinganisa. Lezi opholile bese kuphakame lo mesoderm.
2. enterocoel indlela ngokuyisisekelo ezahlukene ukuthi eyandulela amaseli mesoderm yakha intussusception (invagination) nge endoderm. Lokhu invagination yakha emathunjini eyinhloko esikhathini esizayo. Umngcele phakathi amashidi ezimbili ezinde uhlala indiscernible, futhi kuphela emva kwesikhathi eside mesoderm isikhawu njengoba ungqimba ahlukene detaches kusukela endoderm. Le ndlela kwentuthuko nobuntu izilwane ezifana lancelet noma starfish.

3. Indlela mesodermal ectodermal ukuthi lawa zezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane, ezifana ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo (kuhlanganise indoda). Iphuzu liwukuthi esakha kuphela endoderm is emva invagination. Uma sicabange isithombe umbungu umongo, ngemva gastrulation (kumiswa invaginations of) isikhala khulula uzovela phakathi ento- futhi yi-ectoderm. Kukhona futhi "ihlumela" ka ectodermal umsuka amaseli zisenza sibe ungqimba olusha umbungu.

I morphology we-mesoderm

A indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kudlala umbungu mesoderm. Lena ezinhle yokuziphendukela kwemvelo biology uphawu, ngoba umehluko morphology phakathi lwegciwane ungqimba e ezahlukene amaqembu izilwane asetshenziswe systematics.

Uma sicabangela amaviyo amabili longitudinal, okuyinto akhiwa teloblasticheskom imodi yentuthuko, le mesoderm izokwethulwa izigaba metamerically okuphindayo. I amaphiko uhlangothi ibhande ngamunye onjalo sehlukaniswe somites, ohlangothini - ku nephrotomy futhi besisu - ku splanchnotome.

Yiphi indima mesoderm? izitho Human kwakhiwa kusukela mesoderm

Ngamunye ungqimba nucleation uhlobo kukamanduleli amasistimu isitho nezicubu umzimba esizayo. Topology ukwakha amashidi kakhulu inquma isiphetho sabo. Kusukela mesoderm -. Ingabe isilinganiso imbewu ungqimba, ke ehilelekile ukwakheka kwezicubu futhi izitho, okuyinto zitholakala phakathi nesembozo indoda kanye izingqimba impela umzimba. Yini telulwimi umsuka mesodermal?

1. zezinzwa izicubu ukwakheka nje kwesinye sezitokisi mesoderm. Lokhu Indwangu kuyinto umngcele phakathi engxenyeni engaphandle futhi elingaphakathi cishe noma isiphi isitho besikhumba saleso silwane.
2. uhlelo zemisipha esakhiwa skeleton kanye muscle simiso mesodermal imvelaphi. Lapha esinazo emqondweni hhayi kuphela imisipha yohlaka kodwa futhi imisipha odongeni imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo nezinye izitho zangaphakathi kanye nezinhlaka zawo. Uhlaka lwamathambo amelwe abantu ikakhulukazi kwamathambo izicubu, futhi omncane - cartilage izicubu. Uma kuziwa chordates, ngesikhathi liqala embryonic, okuyinto kumiswa kuzithinta, umuntu akufanele ukudida umsuka isakhiwo Axial sokukhubazeka komgogodla. Uma kuwukuzikhohlisa kuyiqiniso Lokudabuka mesodermal, kuzithinta - iyona ukuqedwa emathunjini, okusho ukuthi ivelaphi lihlobene endoderm.
3. izinhlelo Nezocansi excretory futhi kwakhiwa kusukela mesoderm. Ziyakwazi chordates kakhulu zihlobene nomunye, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akhiwa okufanayo lwegciwane ungqimba.
4. umsuka Mesodermal has a isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Njengoba imikhumbi inhliziyo negazi akhiwa amangqamuzana phakathi lwegciwane ungqimba.

isiphetho

Mesoderm - isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi isakhiwo umbungu ukuthi ekugcineni kuphakamisa izitho eziningi ezibalulekile nezicubu. amaqembu ahlukene taxonomic kwezilwane, ukwakheka kanye nokuthuthukiswa leaf phakathi ihlukile, futhi lokhu ingenye izici kwemvelo. Ukuba khona mesoderm amaphuzu isilwane emithathu ungqimba ukuthi kuwuphawu eqinile amaqembu eziphambili.