Lily nesigodi (Red Book). Lily lesigodi - Photo

A elikhulu ezihlukahlukene izitshalo ngokuvamile kudala oyiphutha izitshalo ongashi emhlabeni. Nokho, akunjalo. I yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi olubanzi imisebenzi womuntu kulezo zimboni kakhulu ngqo ube nomthelela ongemuhle biomass isitshalo planethi. Yingakho kudingeka kutshalwe ivikelwe izidalwa ezihlakaniphile kakhulu - abantu.

IRed Encwadi Russia

IRed Encwadi Russia yanyatheliswa ngo-1988 futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi Amakhasi yayo njalo agcwaliswa anamagama entsha zezitshalo nezilwane. Kuyadabukisa kakhulu, kodwa, ngeshwa, ngenakugwemeka. Uma ukunikeza incazelo enembile, kuyaqondakala iRed ncwadi ukushicilelwa ezinyatheliswayo incwadi, emakhasini abalwe zonke izitshalo nezilwane wokuvikela wombuso njengoba ezisengozini (ezisengozini), ezingavamile noma kakade yokuqothulwa (yokuqothulwa).

Kukhona izimfuneko ezithile ukuthi lwesimila isitshalo ukuba ezisohlwini Incwadi Red.

1. Ingene encwadini ukuba kuphela ezingavamile, izitshalo ezincane (sendawo noma uzkoendemichnye zinhlobo) kulo lonke elaseRussia.
2. Nabomalukazana babo nabo bangena izinhlobo zezilimo ezibalulekile ezingase ngokushesha zingena ngaphansi usongo lokuqothulwa lapho abantu lutho.
3. Incwadi eqoshiwe zenyathi ehlukile ngokucophelela futhi zezitshalo (lily we esigodini kule umbandela ezisohlwini Incwadi Red).
4. Lesi sitshalo wangena emakhasini kuphela ngemva Ukutadisha ngokucophelela kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokuba semthethweni okuphindiwe izindlela sicubungule ehlelekile.

Ngakho, Russian Red Encwadi izitshalo (kanye nezilwane) - idokhumenti main ebamba indaba, enika izinhlobo zezikhungo zokunakekela futhi abavikele umthetho.

Izitshalo ahlelwe njengoba ezisengcupheni

Kuze kube manje, iNcwadi Red ibekwe ezingaphezu kuka-550 zezitshalo okuqondene amakilasi ezahlukene, imindeni kanye nezinhlobo. Ngokuvamile idatha elandelayo:

• gymnosperms - 11 zinhlobo;
• Izitshalo eziqhakazayo (angiosperms) - 440 zinhlobo (kuhlanganise izitshalo kusukela Red Encwadi lily we esigodini);
• izitshalo spore ephakeme - ezingu-36;
• aphansi spore ulele - 29 zinhlobo;
• abameleli umbuso amakhowe - 17 zilwane.

Yiqiniso, izibalo ziyethusa futhi singathandeki. Uma liqhubeka kanje, iplanethi yethu eba biomass abampofu. Lokho iplanethi, noma futhi ukhuluma ngani Russia. Kubuka nebalazwe, kulula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Russian Federation siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu-ke.

Phakathi zonke izimbali ezinhle nabadumile eziyizintandokazi zakho, okuyinto aqambe izingoma nama-legends, anikeza emshadweni umakoti bahlonishwe, kukhona aziwa kakhulu yilezi:

• Violet ezaziqoshwe;
• ophuzi lily amanzi;
• Lilium Martagon;
• insimbi dolomite;
• iris ezimpofu;
• esihle enezicabha peony ;
• izitshalo kusukela Red Incwadi lily Keyske.

stop Okuningi ku lily esigodini, ngoba elibazungezile ezisohlwini Incwadi Red wokuhamba eziningi mpikiswano mayelana nokufaneleka isilinganiso.

Izizathu Igumbi lily Encwadi Red

Ukuqhela zilwane futhi ukunyamalala usongo kwakungamadodana Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu Amakhasi kushicilelwe uvele lily we esigodini. IRed Encwadi evikelwe lesi sitshalo emnandi evela kulabo ufuna ukukhetha ngokwakho bamphathele lovely spring izimbali. Nokho, kungasizi.

Ngokusho lily yakamuva esigodini liye kulolu hlu, okuyinto Red Book of Russia. Izitshalo (iminduze) kubhekwa labo kakade abuyiselwe amandla abo ngokuba isikhathi esichithwa ngaphansi kwesivikelo ngakho ayisekho kuthiwa zisengozini yokuqothulwa. Kuphela kwezinye izifunda ethize yezwe, aziyi ngaphansi kwesivikelo isimo.

Mhlawumbe lena yiyona ndlela ngakho. Kodwa ebheka mass obucayi sezimbali mncane nalezi izimbali kancane elimnandi futhi enhle ukuthi okwalapha Udilizile, ithengiswe izinyanda, inkathi ngayinye zom kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi lokhu okuhlukile ohlwini unaphakade. Kungase kudingeke wenze lokho? Abantu bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza ukuthi ulula futhi sengozini lily isitshalo kwesigodi. INcwadi Red ubelokhu izindebe wonke umuntu, zonke wesikole babazi ukuthi awukwazi likhiphe neminduze esigodini, lokhu afakiwe kuwo. Futhi manje? Manje, inkululeko ukufinyelela, okuyinto akukho okuhle ngokuqinisekile ngeke.

Lily of the Valley: Morphology

Kukhona nje akusho beveza amagama alezi izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe elimnandi! Phakathi kwabo kukhona ezifana:

• lily Keyske kwesigodi;
• lily kwesigodi;
• abasha;
• ihembe;
• imbangela;
• black cohosh;
• iso utshani;
• izindlebe bunny;
• May Day lily;
• Mytnaya utshani;
• backache;
• Mary izinsimbi kanye nabanye.

Ngokubukeka sifana imbali lily encane, eqoqwe inflorescence izinsimbi ezimhlophe. Lesi sitshalo ngokwayo amahlamvu ezimbili ezinkulu lanceolate eliphuma rhizomes ngomshoshaphansi. Phakathi amashidi wadonsa umcibisholo, okuyinto eqoqwe izimbali. Lesi sitshalo iyi-zisetshenziswa, ifinyelela ukuphakama 30-35 cm. Blooms entwasahlobo, iculo eziningi kangaka futhi ballads, poems iminduze ezihlobene spring, ne ukuvuselelwa nemvelo.

Le ndawo yokusabalalisa

Ukuze ukukhula lily we esigodini esilandelayo izimo zezulu ayadingeka:

• hhayi indawo libalele kakhulu (ehlathini, lapho kukhona ukuhwalala yemithi);
• inhlabathi ngokulinganisela olumanzi;
• ongaphakeme anele zom zinhlobo lokushisa.

isikhathi lily izimbali uwela ekupheleni April-May, lapho umoya ayikahlanganiswa sekuqala ukufudumala okushisa maphakathi no-ehlobo. Ngakho-ke, kungaba uyibize ngokuthi imbali thermophilic. Isilinganiso umswakama akuyona sikhathazeke ngokweqile, kanye nelanga. Undemanding nelalelayo zisetshenziswa - lily we esigodini. INcwadi Red luqukethe izinto endaweni avelele ekukhuleni. Amanye awo yilawa:

1. ECaucasus.
2. I-Nyakatfo Melika.
3. ECrimea.
4. I-European ingxenye yeRussia.
5. EMpumalanga Ekude yeRussia.
6. I empumalanga ingxenye yeSiberia.
7. ENtshonalanga yeSiberia.
8. Amahlathi kanye ihlathi-asemaqeleni of Europe.

Lily of the Valley lubalwa ezisengozini ezizathwini aziwayo kakade kithi. Lapho ungathola incazelo izimo lapho likhula simila. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu ihlathi imiphetho, loMfula imifula, amahlathi, glades, ezihlabayo, izimbali ngezinye izikhathi emathafeni uzamcolo ukuhlangabezana.

umsuka

Lapho benza lily? incwadi Red kulokhu kusho ukuthi kokubili isitshalo kwamasiko kanye Ornamental sesiye saziwa kusuka 1525. Nokho, izindaba eziqanjiwe nezinganekwane mayelana lily we esigodini abe izimpande okuningi lasendulo.

Le mbali kungokwalabo umndeni lily kanye imelelwa bohlobo olulodwa, ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu (lokhu ngezigaba yethulwa ngo-2013, ngaphambi ukuthi kwakungeyona umehluko izinhlobo):

• lily kwesigodi;
• lily Keyske kwesigodi;
• lily sentaba esigodini.

Zonke umehluko morphological phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo azilutho ukuze abameleli ngamunye wabo angaba neze zihlukaniswa komunye nomunye. Njengoba Red Book of Russia, umnduze izitshalo esigodini Keyske futhi lily we esigodini sibuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho afakiwe kuwo.

Lily of esigodini izinganekwane

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ezinhle eziphathelene nalokho imibala:

legend Ukrainian

Enye intombazane enhle elinde lover wakhe ukubuya emkhankasweni wempi. Kodwa akazange afike emuva, futhi kwehla izinyembezi ebabayo, ngalila kokufa kwakhe. Ngesikhathi indawo lapho lehla pearl teardrops neminduze nesigodi yavela.

legend German

Iminduze lesigodi - a buhlalu, okuyinto ehlakazekile Snow White. Baye yaphenduka izibani amancane ukukhanyisa indlela ebusuku a Gnome kancane.

nganekwane wasendulo zaseScandinavia

Lily of the Valley - imbali engcwele, yaqanjwa kwelanga. Wakhulekela wanikela ngokuphila kwakhe ukuze onkulunkulu, ezinamalungelo nodumo lwakhe ahlelwe enhle abantu nemikhosi.

legend Russian

Princess Volkhov, ohlala ezansi ebumnyameni nolwandle abandayo, wathandana abafana abane abahle Sadko swashbuckling, masterfully phatha ihabhu. Kodwa uthando kwaba unrequited, ngoba Sadko uthando alula Russian intombazane Lubawa. Ngolunye usuku Princess Volkhov ephuma waya sishaywe emahlathini ukulalela umdlalo ngehabhu lover yakhe, kodwa kunalokho wabona abathandi ujabule: Sadko futhi Lubawa. Inkosazana wakhala kamunyu kusukela uthando unrequited, ukucasuka nokuzithawala. Esabhekene yawela emhlabathini, yaphenduka izimbali lovely futhi usentekenteke - iminduze esigodini. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, baye baba lokholo, ubumsulwa, ukuthembeka komunye umuntu nobumsulwa.

Kukhona ukuthi izinkolelo bathini mayelana lavelaphi lily nesigodi lapho. Red Incwadi awukhulumi kubo, ebhekisela kuphela idatha zomlando.

izingxenye Specific ngaphakathi isitshalo

Cabanga izingxenye eziyisisekelo okuyindawo ehlanganisa lily. Red Incwadi likhombisa timphawu tesakhiwo yayo, njengoba lesi sitshalo kubhekwa anobuthi. It alisetshenziswa ukondla izinyoni, kodwa izilwane abaningi bazimisele ukusebenzisa izithelo ezinhle elikhanyayo orange-bomvu njengendlela yokuthola ezidala zangaphakathi.

Iningi okuqukethwe basekhaya izimbali lily we esigodini elalihlala amafutha abalulekile. Ekhuluma Ukwakheka ingxenye ngeziqu kanye namahlamvu, kuba glycosides-30 futhi alkaloids, ebaluleke kunayoyonke zazo konvallatoksin futhi konvallatoskol. Kuyinto lezi izithako ibalulekile kakhulu ngezinhloso zokwelapha ukuthi abantu.

Ukusetshenziswa izitshalo

Kunezindawo ezimbalwa lapho lily we esigodini isetshenziswa. INcwadi Red kunikeza incazelo yalezi zindawo elandelayo:

1. esifundeni okuhlobisa emnothweni womuntu.
2. Medicine.
3. Ukudla.
4. Amakha kanye izimonyo.

Iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo isetshenziswa decor, buyafaneleka. Umuntu kumelwe amane ukubheka neminduze esigodini. Photo ibonisa indlela enhle, ihlanzekile futhi lovely izimbali ezimhlophe.

Imboni amakha isebenzisa amafutha abalulekile ezakha isitshalo ukwenziwa amakha, perfume toilette, amakha kanye iziqeda.

kwaso kwezokwelapha

Kwezokwelapha, lily we esigodini futhi olufanele. Red Incwadi Incazelo yalo ipharamitha unikeza: izingxenye ezithile lily we esigodini wenza inhliziyo ngempumelelo lehla, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma okungafanele okungenzeka kungaholela emiphumeleni engathí sina sina.

Ngo-1881, njengoba isitshalo okwelapha kule zinhlu olufanele laqanjwa lily we esigodini. IRed Book futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ihlanganisa imbali. Ososayensi Zelenin ahlukanisa akhiphe okungakwenza buthaka imisipha yenhliziyo e spasm. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-tincture esetshenziswa kabanzi ka lily kwesigodi inhliziyo lehla.