Lilo ehhotela "Leningrad" Februwari 23, 1991. ufakazi wokuzibonela

1991 I-Leningrad Kwatholakala asiphumelelanga kakhulu. Eyeshumi nanye ka-January e kulowo muzi kwakukhona ngesikhukhula, njalo iphuma ogwini iNeva alethwe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu impahla. Ngesikhathi inani labantu ababebuka inhlokodolobha ukuze usinde isici zamanzi njengoba kwenzeka esinye isigameko - ihhotela ngobukhulu zishiswe. Kwaba ehhotela "Leningrad". Umlilo ngo-1991 kwabulala abantu abaningi.

iziqondiso umlilo kwakhiwa isakhiwo ehhotela kuhlangatshezwene nazo?

Ihhotela "Leningrad" lakhiwa 1970 ku Vyborg ezixukwini. Injongo eyinhloko yawo abaklami abakhi yilona kwezidingo okusheshayo into. Ukwakhiwa kwaba wokukhumbula engu-100 kwasungulwa ukuzalwa umholi omkhulu yesigaba sabasebenzi V I. Lenina. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa, ambalwa babenesithakazelo ngokwakha imvelo ivikelekile ukuze isetshenziswe yibo abantu. Ngalokhu ubugebengu angabhekwa ukusetshenziswa izinto ezinobuthi oluvuthayo ekusebenzeni aliqede. Bakhandwa esisogwini amathrekhi basishiye.

Carpets waba impregnation ekhethekile, okuyinto evimbela ukusabalala umlilo. Wallpapers nazo wadalula umlilo ukukhanya. Azihlobene umusi ingakwazi negesi. It wayengaphelele, futhi uhlelo ukuthi unesibopho ukususwa intuthu. Ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi umlilo ukwakha ukungcola igesi esikhulu ezibangele ubuthi zabantu.

Ukuvuleka ezayo anike amandla yomlilo, nomusi kalula lasakazekela izibuya angomakhelwane kanye ukwandisa isibalo izisulu. Iyini imiphumela komlilo waletha ehhotela "Leningrad"? 1991 kwafakazela ebulalayo ngalesi sakhiwo. Mayelana izenzakalo ezivelele zangaleso usuku nezikulu uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Soviet ehhotela zikanokusho

wayeka Ihhotela izakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe, kanye nabaholi beqembu, izinyunyana kanye iYoung Communist League, esiphakeme izikhulu, abadlali nabahlabeleli. I Suites abebehlale bematasa bengenaso.

Ngo-1986, yaqala isiphakamiso sokwakha isakhiwo ehhotela yesibili. Ngenxa yezizathu ezithile lendawo Isakhiwo Trust okwesikhashana umsebenzi wayo ngemva Aqhubeka inkampani joint zaseYugoslavia-Austria. Inani inkontileka zaba kwezigidi ezingu 48,5 zamaRandi. Ngokusho isivumelwano, umzimba wesibili wayebe tekusebenta eminyakeni emibili kusukela ngosuku ngo-May 1989, ukudluliswa esakhiweni. Wayelethwa okuthiwa "Puck". By the way, kulesi simo wahlala ngesikhathi umlilo, iningi abakhi bakwamanye amazwe.

Fire in the "Leningrad" ehhotela wabanjwa eziningi abantu. Phakathi kwabo kwakuno-Ubuntu ngempela owaziwa: umlobeli we umagazini "Ogonyok", edumile actress French Marina Vlady, a Russian umlingisi Andrei Sokolov nezinye abaculi, e ifilimu elisha at Leningrad.

Ubani kubika mayelana umlilo?

Lilo ehhotela "Leningrad" waqala 8 enhloko ekuseni. Shayela abacishimlilo njengoba kwashiwo kamuva, senziwa sekudlule isikhathi eside. Ngokusho izibalo ezisemthethweni, owokuqala ababika amashwa sigameko saba indaba uwayehlalise. Eminye imithombo bathi mnyango kwakhala.

Njengoba ehhotela lwavuthela "Leningrad"? Umlilo ngo-1991 waqala kusukela phansi lwesikhombisa, ukuphakama oluhambisana seshumi amakhaya ezivamile. Abasebenzi hotel waqale wazama ukucisha amalangabi ngokwabo. Ngesikhathi ukuthi umlilo isikhathi ukumboza wonke phansi futhi uvimbele indlela yensindiso kulabo abasendleleni sesibili ngaphezu komfula. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme okubangelwa kokuphuma amafasitela emakamelweni. Bathatha ngegiya eliphezulu. Waqhumuka wakhala isakhiwo ipheshulwa abukhali umoya kusukela emfuleni iNeva esebenzisa isihluku lesi simo. izitezi ehhotela abangu zimbozwe amafu thick black intuthu.

Njengoba izicishamlilo baphendula ngokushesha izingubo?

Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-Six isakhiwo imbozwe umlilo, waxosha imoto umlilo unogada ke enye ngemva kwenye waqala ukushayela nezinye izimoto esihlasela ngezinqola zempi, amaphampu, ephothiwe, GZDS nezinye imishini. Ngesikhashana nje endaweni zalesi sibhicongo yakhishwa zonke umnyango amabutho umlilo kweLeningrad.

Kubasebenzi bayo ngokushesha wayeqhutshwa. Hall kanye ezitebhisini ehhotela bagcwala lodgers nezinceku ebiza nge izibuya elitholakala ngezansi umthombo umlilo. Ukuze uthole kuya phezulu, iqembu izicishamlilo, kwanqunywa ukuba usebenzise ikheshi inkonzo. Kwakudingekile ukuba ngokushesha ukuhlola isimo nosizo labo ababedinga ukuphiliswa, bese uqhubekela phambili ukucima.

Sasiyini nobunzima ekusindiseni abantu?

Egoqekayo isitebhisi ukubafinyelela kuphela esitezi sesine saleso sakhiwo, abantu amafasitela ukuncenga usizo phansi lwesikhombisa nangaphezulu. Sezwa ememeza egumbini billowed zomusi, njengoba kwakunesidingo zokwenziwa umlilo.

Ngokusho ezitebhisini kuphela ngenxa yokwethuka wabaleka izivakashi, okuyinto wakwazi ukubaleka ekushiseni okukhulu. Abaningi izinombolo ezikhethiwe, ubuthi intuthu, wawa ephasishi. Ngaphambi izicishamlilo ephethwe ekhuphukela endaweni lomlilo ikheshi, plastic oncibilikisiwe ngone ukuphila komuntu. On the seshumi umsebenzi ehhotela, iyona eyabulawa. Lapho evutha le nto likhipha ezinobuthi ukuze eziyikhulu.

Fire (02/23/91) ehhotela "Leningrad" basakaza masinyane, sisizwa umoya. I omlilo avuthayo eliqhakazile ngesikhathi esincane kakhulu isikhathi, phansi lwesikhombisa, lesishiyagalombili nelesishiyagalolunye, nabaqashi wavinjwa. Omunye walaba besifazane, sisakwazi ukuma, wagxuma phansi ngewindi, wafa.

Ukwahlukana kusuka abavikeli, igesi kanye intuthu olwenziwa abantu baphume onamawala ehhotela phezu izitebhisi. Abatakuli eyenziwa emahlombe abantu phezu izingubo. Athintekayo sikhathi ngatshela odokotela oluphuthumayo. Okunye izicishamlilo babehilelekile laying ipayipi lamanzi umlilo , Wangena mpi ukungalingani ngomlilo.

Bangaki abantu basinda?

Sekukonke abantu 253 atakulwa izicishamlilo, 36 zazo ahanjiswe izandla. izingane ezincane babephakathi kuhlengwe. Nokho, usizo awuzange uyamukele. izivakashi eziyisithupha futhi isisebenzi abezempi Alexander Faykin, owasiza wangisiza zabantu zabulawa.

Bangaki bomlilo wafa?

Ukufa toll phakathi izicishamlilo kwaba okuningi. Fire in the "Leningrad" ehhotela kwabulala abasebenzi ayisishiyagalolunye. Eziningi kuzo babeshiswa futhi wayesaphefumula. Zonke ezinye babulawa yokuphunyuka Uzame kusukela ehhotela evutha.

Ingabe kukhona ithuba basindiswe?

Ngokusho owayeyinhloko EMERCOM Petersburg leonid Belyaev, uma kwaba kungenzeka kancane yokuphunyuka, umlilo bekuyodingeka belisebenzisa. Ezinye izicishamlilo kusukela 7th ingxenye Waphuma amafasitela. Belyaev ukuthi uhlobo izingane ezifile olele kummango, kwaba elesabekayo. Ubude wabulala ayisishiyagalolunye abasebenzi bemisebenzi umlilo.

ukhishwa kwakhe

Njengoba abantu ohlonishwayo abanikela ukuphila kwabo, zokucisha umlilo ehhotela Leningrad "? Izisulu zenhlekelele kwakhe ukhishwa oda ngo-August ka ngawo lowo nyaka. Ungakhohlwa mayelana namaqhawe lokusinda abaye ayevelele ngokwabo ngesikhathi zokutakula abantu ngokuhlala ehhotela. Ngokusho ofakazi, inani labafayo kwakuyoba kakhulu kunalokhu uma hhayi ukuze athole isibindi nokuzinikela wokutakula.

Kukhunjulwa izicishamlilo awile minyaka Petersburg labetibambile umqhudelwano mini-football. Zonke imincintiswano ezinkulu umlilo ezemidlalo isicelo kuleli dolobha zibonakala kubekwa amagoda ezimbali emngcwabeni uSeraphim emathuneni.

Ngokusho ofakazi, abeze emngcwabeni we izicishamlilo efile isingamakhilomitha amakhilomitha 10. Wathuthela ngaphansi kwakhala komlilo amaloli. Khokha intela ubuhanjelwe izinkulungwane zabantu.

Day of Remembrance kwamalungu Lesi sibalo sehle sisuka bomlilo ubhekwa Februwari 23.

Wena wenza iphutha uma umlilo?

Iqiniso ukuthi umlilo sikhethwe ikheshi, baba ithuba kokuqagela ukuthi kwakuyiphutha ebulalayo. Abasebenzi isibaluli khukhumala. Kodwa Valery Jankovic, owakhonza njengelungu induna Firehouse 1st Leningrad, eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngo-1991, waphawula ukuthi isimo ukwenza okuhlukile kwakungenakwenzeka. Ukuze uthole phansi zokugcina ungase kuphela ukusebenzisa zommbila ukubaleka isixuku sabantu, okwathi ngo isidumo baphuthuma izitebhisi.

Field Manual ngesikhathi ogunyaziwe ukusetshenziswa zommbila. Ngokusho imithetho kufanele itshalwe phansi ngezansi esivuthayo iveza eqeda ngokusebenzisa iziqu. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi ikheshi wayeka phansi evuthayo, ngokusho kongoti, kwabangelwa ukuvalwa, kubangelwa izindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme. Ngokungangabazeki, isici abantu ngako akusoze kwaphikwa. Izicishamlilo zingene shí landulele umphumela onjalo akekho ozokwazi babe izenzakalo.

Kungazelelwe wamboza intuthu nomlilo izicishamlilo Uzame yehle, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi ikheshi ayisebenzi. Abantu bebelokhu bezama ifohle iye ngasenkosini izitebhisi namawindi, esisogwini emaphethelweni, ngivule imoto ikheshi futhi le kushaft. Nokho, isikhathi siyaphela ngenxa izicishamlilo nabaningi ababengabafundi phansi lwesikhombisa, isimo kusengaphambili.

Ngalesi sikhathi, i-kwakugqamuka, izivakashi babuthana amafasitela evuliwe. Ayihambisani nokubulalana amathawula zabo, futhi abanye bazama ukubaleka bebodwa. Zazibophela amashidi futhi wasebenzisa nezinye izinto wafika ngesandla. Yaphela ngokukhululwa ukuwa ukufa. Umlilo wazidla udaba emva udaba, ukunciphisa amathuba okusinda.

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngokubamba iqhaza izenzakalo ngesikhathi umlilo nabasebenza awazange ifakwe imishini ekhethekile yakhelwe zithuthe abantu abalinganiselwa ku usuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, hhayi ukutakula ezinophephela emhlane lapho.

Lilo ehhotela "Leningrad" (23 February 1991), isithombe okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi sihloko futhi wathola actress abadumile Marina Vlady. Ngo Umlando wakhe, ngokuqinisekile washona ukuba hhayi emlilweni, abantu ezimangalisayo abanesibindi. Wayelokhu izandla phezu izitebhisi, elingazange afinyelela phansi lwesikhombisa. Lo mlingisi kwadingeka ukuba bavele bagxumele kuwo ngefasitela.

ofakazi bokuzibonela

Ngokusho ofakazi, emlilweni ehhotela "Leningrad", isithombe ethumba angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa zonke, kwaba emehlweni esabekayo. It wabulala bonke Leningrad kwemizwelo zemikhosi. Wawuthi mhlaka-23 Febhuwari. Futhi nakuba esikalini nhlekelele ayikaziwa, ngokushesha wacabanga ukuthi umhlangano behlonipha kwalolu suku abalulekile izobanjelwa cha, njengenjwayelo.

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho omakhalekhukhwini ne-Internet. Abantu bathola kanjani ngalesi senzakalo, njengoba umlilo "Leningrad" ihotel (1991)? Abezindaba ze-Eyewitness odlulayo ihhotela evutha, kwaholela ekusakazekeni amahlebezi okwamanje akucacile.

Intatheli u-Alexander Nevzorov, umemezele embuthaneni besekela ukulondolozwa zase-USSR, watshela ngalokho okwenzekile amashwa eLeningrad. Lesi senzakalo samenyezelwa kuyo ebibanjelwe Palace Square. Nevzorov ubahambele yesehlakalo namhlanje ekuseni njengoba intatheli. Waphawula ukuthi kukhona abantu abafayo. Nokho, imininingwane ngalesi sigameko okwamanje, kwasayena akazange azi. isifinyezo olunembile izisulu azikakwazi. Izakhamuzi wafunda ngalesi sigameko kuphela ngoMsombuluko.

Le nguqulo esemthethweni kwenzekeni

Fire in the "Leningrad" hhotela version esemthethweni. Ngokwe-luhlolo, lo flashpoint kwaba 774 udaba th, okuyinto izivakashi Swedish ekhaya. Bona Semiconductor TV "Qopha V-312" ingezwe. Kamuva, izivakashi wehlela ekamelweni lokudlela futhi uyivale. Ignition transformer senzeke ngo-8 ezimpondweni ekuseni. Ngemva kokuba umlilo ucime, egumbini 774 elicibilikile izintambo, ubufakazi ngalokho okwenzeka short circuit etholakele. Finishing plastic ngaphakathi ehhotela nomthelela ukusabalala leso lomlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-encibilika Yaqala ihlaba umkhosi into enobuthi.

okufushane kungenzeka

Lilo ehhotela "Leningrad" (23 February 1991) kwakubhekwa ambiguously. Kwakukhona nezinye izinguqulo ukuthi isiqinisekiso esemthethweni ayitholakalanga.

Omunye lababuleweyo umlilo kwenzakala umhleli walo magazini "Ogonyok" UMarku Grigoriev. Umsolwa utholakale ehhotela lakhe. ikhanda kamufi yabhidlika kabana. Kodwa ochwepheshe baye baphetha ngokuthi, cishe, ugebhezi wavele ngaphansi lokushisa eliphezulu.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva amalungu Kuboshwe aleli qembu lezigelekeqe Yuri Shutov airat Gimranov ungeniswe amaphoyisa aqapha ukuthi wahlanganyela ekuvalweni intatheli nelokushisa amahhotela ukudida ukulandelelwa, kodwa akukho bufakazi watholakala amazwi.

Ngokuvamile ungase uzwe enye inguqulo. Abaningi bathi nhlekelele umphumela eWestern amasevisi ukukhalipha, uhlelo lokuhlelwa kabusha ibhizinisi ehhotela, ezama ukusenza buthaka idumela M. S. Gorbacheva, kokubulawa actress Marina Vlady, njll

Lembula okufushane nokuthi kwaba isenzo amaphekula, injongo owawungumnyaka ukwehluleka lomhlangano ku Palace Square, eyaqala phambi Zonke-Union inhlolovo ukuze alondoloze i-USSR. Kodwa umhlangano, naphezu umlilo, owawuse.

Njengoba ithelevishini Wethule umlilo ehhotela "Leningrad"? Documentary ifilimu "alondoloziwe" Leningrad "" kutsetselelwe umcimbi, kanye izimbangela emlilweni.

amahhotela Ukudalelwa

Ngemva kwezinyanga ezine okuvela abezicishamlilo kweLeningrad wanikwa imvume ukusetshenziswa okwesikhashana isakhiwo ethintekile. Ukuphathwa uhlose ukuqeda kwaqedwa ingxenye yesibili futhi ukuthola izivakashi, futhi owokuqala bekumele kabusha. zikhubazeke wahlupheka ezine izibuya.

Khona-ke, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, bayekela ukwakhiwa, kanti isakhiwo siwela ukulawula abantu abahlukahlukene. Isiphelo sakhe ibingakazeki.