Le noveli "Intuthu": isifinyezo. Turgenev IS, "Intuthu": isebenza ukuhlaziywa

Lesi sihloko izobuyekezwa nokuhlaziwa kwelinye imisebenzi zakudala abadumile Russian ngokuthi "Intuthu" (isifinyezo). Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich izakhamuzi eziningi ukwazi, kunalokho kuphela ngenxa yemisebenzi yakhe tetemibhalo, okuyinto iminyaka eminingi kufakwe yezifundo zezikole.

Atypical isithombe zesifazane

Akhuluma ngokuzokwenzeka Turgenev, cishe, eziningi engqondweni ngokushesha kufika edume "Mumu", "Obaba and Sons" futhi "Asya". Kodwa izincwadi esizifundayo inoveli esahlukile kuzo zonke abanye. Female isithombe Heroine Irina akuyona ukuthi zikude isithombe yendabuko "intombazane Turgenev sika" futhi singasho ngokuphelele okuphambene. Njengomthetho, ngemisebenzi Ivan Sergeyevich uhlamvu zesifazane avele ngendlela emsulwa, nibe - kuba intombazane kuwubuwula futhi kuyisidala engonakalisiwe.

Irina Osinina - omunye wemisebenzi ayisihluthulelo izinhlamvu esifazane, okuphambene ephelele ngemibono amantombazane Turgenev sika. isithombe lakhe ngempela ngokugqamile, egcwele usulu ukubhuqa abanye. Mayelana ukhulunyelwa njengoba umdali "ingqondo athukuthele" ukuthi Heroine Turgenev sika uhlobo umbhedo.

Umehluko phakathi "intuthu" nezinye imisebenzi ngumlobi

Roman Turgeneva "Intuthu" ihlukile kwezinye imisebenzi yakhe ngokungagcini nje ngokubashumayeza, khona Heroine insikazi indlela atypical umbhali. Kulesi umsebenzi, umlingiswa oyinhloko, njengoba enjalo engekho.

Uhlamvu emaphakathi sisekhona, futhi ngemva kokufunda imisebenzi kuba sobala ukuthi leli Litvinov. Kodwa wenza ngasizathu simbe ukuthi ayibukeki umlingisi losemcoka, kodwa uhlamvu kuphela, ukuphila kwansuku zonke futhi ukuphila kwansuku zonke lapho umfundi angase ukulunguza kusuka ngaphandle.

Incazelo efihliwe kule noveli

Abanye abagxeki bhala ukuthi ngenxa yokwamukela enjalo Turgenev ( "Intuthu", sifinyeto izahluko okuyinto siphakamisa ukuze uhlole kulabo abanayo isikhathi ukuqedela umsebenzi) wayefuna ukubonisa isimo sabo sengqondo kuya "bezgeroynomu" isikhathi, achaza ngawo.

Lo msebenzi sihluke kakhulu umsebenti lodlulile kanye yabhalwa ngemva Ivan Sergeyevich ngempela. Okubalulekile, ngokucabangela "Intuthu" (isifinyezo): Turgenev yena kubhekwa ewusizo, ilungile futhi ezinengqondo kanye nomsebenzi wabo bakhe kuphela. Kungakhathaliseki abakushoyo abafundi futhi baxgeki yalo msebenzi, kufanele sivume ukuthi umbono kombhali unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa zize kuqala.

"Intuthu" (isifinyezo), Turgenev IS

Yiqiniso, ukuzizwa ngokugcwele isimo umsebenzi, kumele ufunde yokuqala. Kodwa uma kukhona isizathu lokhu akunakwenzeka, ukuze siqonde incazelo jikelele, thina Ingakhawulela futhi yisihumusho ezifingqiwe.
Izenzakalo kule noveli "Intuthu" bacale kutfutfukisa ngo-August 1862, omunye Spas German ngokuthi Baden-Baden.

Isibhakabhaka yangaphandle kwakubonakala kwenjabulo futhi libalele. "Chosen" izilaleli samanje kule ndawo yeholide wabheka nibonakala wanelisekile, ubuso babo ukuboniswa enkulu. Lezi ukhilimu emphakathini hle kakhulu wabingelela nomunye, kodwa ukuqhubekisela phambili kuyacaca ukuthi eqinisweni wathula komunye nomunye, ababenakho nakancane.

Turgenev kunalokho satirically uchaza khona lapho. isizinda sabo jikelele imele, kubonakala, umlingisi kuphela - emuhle labantu abangu-30 nge eyindoda igama Litvinov. Uba umlingisi losemcoka inoveli.

Incazelo umlingiswa oyinhloko

Umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho inoveli, Litvinov, wakhulela e-sigodi. Uyise wayengumGreki yomthengisi umndeni isikhulu umhlalaphansi, kanti noblewoman umama elifundile. Ngo Umlando wakhe ngaye wathi yebo unguye ngempela ngentshiseko isidalwa uhlobo. Umyeni wakhe naye abalunyulwé inhlamba, futhi lokhu kwaholela endlini yakhe, uzama ukugxilisa ke isiko-European. Zonke izinceku zayo nonina Litvinov ngokuthi oku "wena". Ngalowo nyaka, lapho Litvinov ngiya ekholishi, wagula waphathwa isifo sofuba futhi washona.

The hero ayikwazanga iziqu zaseyunivesithi. Enhloko-dolobha, akazange ahlale isikhathi eside, ngoba isikhundla sakhe wayengekho enviable ikakhulukazi: nsizwa yayingenazo imali, futhi ukuxhumana ewusizo ayengazange. Njengoba igama likanina umufi akekho ukuphatha, kodwa esikhathini eside kwakungase ukukhiqiza imali enhle, Litvinov wanquma ukuya phesheya futhi aqeqeshiwe khona ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nolwazi oluyisisekelo nge kwenhlabathi. Ezinye isikhathi asichitha ku Dresden, futhi ekuqaleni Romana Litvinov nomdlandla, iyakholelwa ukuthi anawo manje yonke into ihamba kahle, futhi uzokwazi ukuba bazuze usiko. Ngo Baden-Baden akulindele umakoti wakhe Tatiana, okuyinto uzimisele ujoyine isandla esigabeni esisha ikusasa lakhe.

Ejwayelekile Turgenev intombazane - Tatiana

Umlobi, ngubani idume ikhono lakhe ukudala imisebenzi ku izithombe elicwengekileyo of abesifazane - is Yiqiniso, umbhali kule noveli, sisuke sicabanga - Ivan Turgenev. "Smoke", naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi central uhlamvu zesifazane liyavela yini ngempela ejwayelekile umfanekiso umbhali, hhayi ngaphandle. Okuthile kuye egqamile futhi kucace kakhulu, futhi Tatiana, umakoti Litvinov kuyinto ukuhlonza yakhe.

ukuthuthukiswa ngesakhiwo

Nakuba Litvinov ulinde umakoti wakhe, futhi lapho engekho isikhathi endaweni cafe, yena oza kuye Bambaev njengoba umlobi ngokwakhe asichaza ngayo: "Ngumuntu omuhle yena, kodwa ngenxa isibalo ezingenalutho ... okuyinto njalo ukwesabe lutho." Utshela Litvinov ukuthi resort a Gubarev Isixuku sonke zazo ngandlela-thile nonkulunkulu bezinto ezingabonakali.

Litvinov nge Babayev, futhi sikanye Voroshilov ezithile, ukuya ehhotela lapho bamisa Gubarev kakhulu. Umsunguli lomhlangano wamangala futhi badumale lapho ngizwa ukuthi Litvinov ayinakho ukubukwa zezombusazwe evelele. Ubiza Litvinova "abonisa ukungavuthwa." Ngokubuka indlela yonke ababebuthene Gubarev "elite", kuba sobala ukuthi iningi lalaba bantu kuphela inhlebo nobuzenzisi. Zizama ukunikeza ngokwami uhlobo oluthile ukubaluleka, bethi, njengoba empeleni, abe nolwazi olujulile cha. Gubarev yena kulomhlangano Yiqiniso, umuntu emaphakathi.

Lokhu iqoqo "khulula-ukucabanga" abantu abhekisela kuso ngokuthi isithombe eliphakeme, nalo lonke ibandla ayelokhu ebuza umbono wakhe ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene. Gubarev waphendula zonke ibinzana awuqondakali kahle, kodwa izilaleli zakhe eziqotho ngokushesha ucosha ibinzana sengathi kuzo amanga incazelo ejulile yokuphila komuntu iyisikhathi esingakanani. Litvinov bephuma ngokuthula kulo mhlangano, ngakho ngempela abaqondi ukuthi konke lokho kwase kwenzekani.

Ngokulandelayo, uhlangana nabanye abalingiswa - Potugin ukuthi ngokungafani izinkampani gubarevskoy kubonakale ngobuchule okuningi. Kodwa unamanye umbono wakhe ikusasa esizayo waseRussia - uyakholelwa ukuthi konke okudingayo ukuze ufunde avela eNtshonalanga. Ngemva ingxoxo eside ne Potugin Litvinov wabuyela ehhotela lakhe futhi uthola kuwo nesixha sezimbali. Kusukela inceku, ifunda ukuthi alethwe isixha washiya abanye lady engaqondakali.

Irina - atypical Turgenev Heroine

It kuvela ukuthi ngisho nangaphambi lokuhlangana bephethe Tatiana Litvinov ngabhekana ajwayelane lady - Irinoy Osininoy. Sabonana wakhe hero lapho eseneminyaka intombazane enhle elitjhumi nekhomba, has a ubuhle ekhethekile. She fanele kuze umkhaya ompofu kwesikhulu, futhi waba izici kahle njalo, izinwele fair namehlo wobuhle esimangalisayo.

Phakathi intsha kwakukhona uzwela, futhi sebeqalile kakade ukwakha izinhlelo ndawonye lekusasa. Ngesikhathi ukuphakama romance kwabo izikhulu Ball ehleliwe futhi wanquma ukuletha Osinina Irina phandle. Wamelana isikhathi eside, kodwa nje Litvinov yena futhi waphikelela wamcela ukuba waba nengxenye kulo mcimbi ezashintsha nalo.

Ekuveleni ibhola, ubuhle bakhe, u-Irina ukwenze ukusaphazela yangempela, futhi impumelelo yayo phakathi Cavaliers kwaba ekhexisayo. Sibambe isimo futhi siqaphele ukuthi ngesinye uzokwazi ukwenza umdlalo inzuzo, omunye izihlobo Osinina uyangenelela inhlalakahle, simenze kwendlalifa yakhe futhi kuthatha e Petersburg. Litvinov futhi wathumela ukutadisha phesheya, futhi ukuhlobana abathandi ekugcineni ngobugebengu.

Umhlangano no-imizwa ubudala

Ukuba Baden-Baden, Litvinov, ukuhamba, okhubekisa wawuthululela eqenjini ojenene abancane, amaholide ku epikinikini. Phakathi kwabo ebona Irene, ngubani umfazi omunye wabo. Ukulalela inkulumo ezempi kanye ukucabanga kwabo ngabantu isiRashiya, Litvinov uyaqaphela ukuthi leso sithandwa sakhe ngaphambili manje endaweni engajwayelekile futhi aluhlaza cwe. Yena nje wahlangana Litvinov, ngokusobala ukuzihlanganisa ngento eside ukhohliwe, kodwa liseduze kakhulu nawe futhi obakhonzile, uqala ukuba amfune emihlanganweni bayanda, ngimcela ukuba okungenani ngobungane. Litvinov kancane kancane uqala kubonakale ukuthi konke ukuphila kwakhe wayemthanda ngokunembile lona wesifazane.

Turgenev - "Intuthu": ukuhlaziya imisebenzi ebhaliwe kanye nezinjongo ukubhinqa

Yiqiniso, ukuze sihlaziye lo msebenzi, kumele ufunde lilonke. Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokufunda isishwankathelo umkhiqizo "Intuthu" Turgenev, ukuqonda ukuthi umbhali uzama adalule ukuhahela isikhundla, indlala engokomoya nabanengqondo oyisiphukuphuku endaweni imibuthano ahlukile.

Endabeni nezenzakalo ezichazwe encwadini "Intuthu", kuba sobala ukuthi ngale ndaba iqembu turgenevskoj inhlekisa-ojenene ezicukuthwaneni, kanye serf yabo ukuphendula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhiqizo "Intuthu" Turgenev ngempela satirically uyadelela ngakolunye uhlangothi "ngaphambili isitha" - ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe wamavukelambuso.

Kungani umkhiqizo ngokuthi "Intuthu"

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-intuthu kungenziwa ngokuthi zonke isimo engacabangeki inconcrete zezombusazwe eRussia, eye yathuthuka izikhathi ezichazwe kule noveli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umlingisi eliyingqikithi Turgenev kuyinto emagama intuthu nokungaqiniseki imizwa yabo Irina Osinina nengoduso yakhe, Tatyana.

izingqikithi Okuphakade wakhuliswa umkhiqizo

abalobi Classical ngokuthi labo abalobi imisebenzi kabani kungenziwa ngokuthi okuyisibonelo futhi olufanele isikhathi ezahlukene. Shono isigaba zabuna ingezwe futhi Turgenev. "Intuthu" (funda isifinyezo sezinto okungaba, uma kungekho ukufinyelela yasekuqaleni) kubonisa ukunemba nokujula yokubukwa wombhali. Kodwa isaziso ngokugcwele futhi sikwazisa lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma uma ufunda lo msebenzi lilonke. izinguqulo Esenziwe Lula kwalo mkhiqizo, njengoba umthetho, usike indaba esemqoka futhi ushiye izikhathi ezibalulekile.

Roman Turgeneva "Intuthu", funda in the original, kwenza umfundi Cabangisisa futhi anake ukuqonda ukuthi izinkinga eziningi iRussia ngo 1867 wahlala ezifanelekile sakhe kuze kube manje. Kwelinye izahluko hero Turgenev Okuxakayo Uzindla yokuthi umuntu amane nje nempela ukwamukeleka eziyishumi Russian, masinyane baqala sicabange ngokujulile ngekusasa Russia, ikusasa enkulu yezwe. Kodwa konke lokhu inkulumo ngokuphelele kwamehlisa, unproven futhi kuqhutshwa kuphela ngokuya jikelele.

Roman Turgeneva "Intuthu" (isifinyezo sezinto okuyinto ekuqaleni kulesi sihloko ekhuliswe) sikhombisa ukuthi abantu zethu Ukusola West njalo lokho, ukholelwa bona ukubola. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo mbono Western kakhulu, thina njalo cabanga ogunyaziwe, kuphela elungile futhi ngandlela-thile uyalwazisa kubo.

uhlamvu Turgenev sika uyalibona ngokucacile ukuthi abantu isiRashiya njalo nje kubalulekile "master", okungukuthi, esasingaba uyiphathe, ukuhola, ukuqondisa futhi njalo ukutshelwa ukuthi yenzeni. Phela, uma imibono okusezingeni eliphezulu lomuntu ngaye futhi iyakwazi lokuyala, wavele idinga ukwazi ukuthi kahle futhi udinga ukulalela. Futhi nje, wonke amaphutha nabahluleka kuzo, kungenziwa osolwa lokhu umnumzana ethile.

A umnumzana, esikhundleni salokho, kuyinto nomhawu abalimi abavamile futhi ngokusobala ukholelwa ukuthi akukhona isisindo ekhathazeke ezingadingekile nezinkinga, kangcono indoda elula kakhulu kunaye, ngoba ngicabanga ukuthi ngokuphelele akudingekile, futhi udinga kuphela lokho utshelwa. Futhi isikhathi nomzamo ukuthuthukiswa nokwelashwa okungokomoya yomphefumulo wakhe ngendlela abasebenzi elula kanzima kakhulu. "Ngakho yimani nomunye, ngoba nomunye futhi bakhothame" - ngeso satirical ngoba Turgenev.

Ngu abalobi classical, abazibona ngokucacile kakhulu zonke izinkinga abantu isiRashiya, kufanele babalwe phakathi Turgenev Ivan Sergeyevich. "Intuthu" - inoveli lapho kungabonakali kakhulu waphawula ukuthi abantu Russian njalo abaye baphila amathemba. Izwe labo bobabili akuzondayo futhi uthanda ziyahlanya. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lutho okwenzekayo ekhaya futhi akashintshi, abantu Russian baye njalo wahlala sinethemba lokuthi konke uyoke ube ngcono. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ophilayo Russian kwekhulu le-19 futhi baqonde isimo jikelele kwenkathi, kungenzeka ukufunda inoveli "Intuthu" (isifinyezo).

Turgenev wayengubani ngempela ukwazi masterfully ukuchaza nsukuzonke ezimpilweni zabantu abavamile, Litvinov, nakho kwakhe siqu futhi Simoni ngokomzwelo phakathi abesifazane ababili, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukubonisa ngokunembile isimo inkathi kanye nesimo jikelele izindaba eRussia, okuyinto ehambisana kuze kube yilolu suku.