Le ncwadi "d": kanzima noma soft? ukuhlaziywa Ifonetiki yokukhuluma

Le ncwadi "d": kanzima noma soft? Lo mbuzo ivamise ukucelwa ngezinye abafundi, abadinga ukuqonda amazwi ngokuvumelana nemithetho ka nemisindo yamagama. Impendulo yalo wena kancane uthole okwengeziwe.

Uhlolojikelele

Ngaphambi sikhuluma ngalokho incwadi "d" (esithambile noma esiqinile), kufanele uthole ukuthi kungani izinhlamvu zamagama Russian ngokuvamile zihlukaniswe ngezizathu ezifana.

Iqiniso lokuthi izwi ngayine inezidingo zayo umsindo imvilophi yayo, okuyinto akhiwe ngamatjhada ngabanye. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsindo inkulumo umnyuziki correlates nge ukubaluleka kwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngamagama ehlukene kanye namafomu abo nemiphumela ehlukene ngokuphelele umsindo. Futhi umsindo ngokwabo abanalo incazelo. Nokho, badlala indima ebalulekile isiRashiya. Ngempela, sibonga kubo, singayeka kalula ukuhlukanisa amagama. Nasi isibonelo:

• [Isakhiwo] - [Dama '] - [do'ma];
• [M'el] - [m'el '], [Ivolumu] - [khona], [ekhaya] - [ukuthi].

umbhalo

Kungani sidinga ulwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi incwadi "d" (kanzima noma soft)? Phakathi ukuhlaziya ifonotiki yokukhuluma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kahle ukubonisa umbhalo, echaza umsindo walo. Ngo isimiso esinjalo kuvamile ukusebenzisa abalingiswa ezilandelayo:

[] - leligama ngokuthi kubakaki. Bona ngimbulele impela selisho umbhalo.

[] - kungcono indlela yabo yokukhuluma. Wafaka, uma igama has nezinhlamvu zamagama ezingaphezu kolulodwa.

[B '] - uhlobo ukhefana eduze incwadi futhi kubonisa umsungulo yayo.

Phela, phakathi ukuhlaziya ifonotiki kwamagama asetshenziswayo ngokuvamile, futhi uhlamvu elilandelayo - [j]. Ngokuvamile, laba bamele umsindo incwadi "d" (ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa futhi uphawu ezifana [d]).

Le ncwadi "d": ungwaqa noma unkamisa?

Njengoba yaziwa, e isiRashiya, yonke imisindo zihlukaniswe ongwaqa kanye onkamisa. Zihluke ngokuphelele ukuthi sinakho futhi libizwa.

• Unkamisa umsindo - lawa imisindo ngesikhathi yokubiza lapho emoyeni sihamba ngokukhululekile futhi kalula ngomlomo, ngaphandle kokuhlangana isendleleni noma iziphi izithiyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakwazi ukudonsa, ukuzisebenzisa kungaba nikhamuluke. Uma ubeka isandla uqhoqhoqho ke ukusebenza nemisipha (izwi) ngesikhathi yokubiza onkamisa kungaba lula impela ukuzizwa. Ngo isiRashiya kukhona 6 wagcizelela onkamisa, okungukuthi [a], [e], [v], [s], [o] kanye no- [u].
• Ongwaqa - labo imisindo yokubiza lapho umoya isendleleni ihlangabezana isithiyo, okungukuthi umnsalo noma ufa. Umbala wawo inquma imisindo yemvelo. Ngokuvamile, kwakheka igebe is lapho othi [a], [u], [h] kanye no- [x]. Uma le ithiphu ulimi osondela namazinyo ephezulu noma ephansi. ongwaqa Kwethulwa kungenziwa wadonsa (isib [x-x-x], [z-z-z]). Njengoba okuthile ngesibopho, bakha isithiyo esinjalo is by sokuvalwa nezitho zokukhuluma. Emoyeni, noma kunalokho kakhulu flow yayo Onqobayo-ke, ukuze umsindo lisebenza sikubeke. Yingakho bebizwa alufakwa. By the way, abakwazi ukudonsa (kuzame ngokwakho: [p] [b], [t], [d]).

Ngaphezu kwalezi ongwaqa, Ulandela lapho isiRashiya: [m], [d], [a], [f], [g], [n] [p], [h] [p], [x] . Njengoba ubona, kunezindlela eziningi ezingaphezu kuka onkamisa.

imisindo lizwakalise futhi bengakhulumi

Isilinganiso izwi futhi umsindo ongwaqa kungaba lizwakalise noma bengakhulumi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngesikhathi yokubiza umsindo lizwakalise futhi umsindo izwi nezithulu - umsindo kuphela.

Phela, ongwaqa abaningi akha phakathi namabhuzu voicelessness futhi Ezwakalisa: [a] - [g], [b] - [n] [z] - [c], [d] - [m] [p] - [e] nabanye. isiyonke isiRashiya 11 ngazimbili ezinjalo. Nokho, kukhona imisindo abangenathuba ngazimbili ngesisekelo salokhu. Lezi zihlanganisa: i- [th] [p] [n] [l] [m] - kuyinto izingcingo akutholakali, no- [h] kanye no- [i] - uyisithulu olungenakuqhathaniswa.

ongwaqa Soft futhi kanzima

Njengoba yaziwa, ongwaqa azigcini nje ngokuhluka sonority, noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, voicelessness, kodwa futhi umsungulo kanye ubulukhuni. Le mpahla kuyinto ngemfanelo yesibili luba umsindo.

Ngokwesibonelo, incwadi "d": kanzima noma soft? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kumelwe sicabangele ngayinye isici eceleni:

• Phakathi ukuphimisa ongwaqa ezithambile ulimi lonke kugudlukela kancane phambili, futhi isabelo saso esiphakathi iphakame kancane.
• Phakathi ukuphimisa ongwaqa kanzima ulimi lonke ngokoqobo esembula.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ongwaqa abaningi yakha phakathi pair of ngezizathu ezifana umsungulo kanye ubulukhuni [d] - [e], [n] - [n '.] Nokunye Sekukonke zikhona 15 ngazimbili ezinjalo. Nokho, kukhona imisindo abangenathuba ngazimbili ngesisekelo salokhu. Yini izinhlamvu kanzima ongwaqa kuthiwa ayibhangqiwe? Okulandelayo akunakubangelwa kuye - [w], [x] kanye no- [y]. Ngokuqondene ezithambile lingalingani, ke [u], [h] kanye no- [D '].

Ukuqokwa phezu incwadi

Manje uyazi imininingwane ukuthi incwadi "d" kanzima noma soft. Kodwa lokhu kuphakamisa umbuzo omusha: "Njengoba kuboniswa umsungulo yemisindo encwadini?" Ukuze wenze lokhu, basebenzisa iindlela ezihlukileko kakhulu:

• Le ncwadi "e", "w", "e", "i" ngemva ungwaqa (ngaphandle "g", "m" futhi "n") zibonisa ukuthi lezi ongwaqa zithambile. Nasi isibonelo: dya'dya - [d'a'd'a] Anti - [t'o't'a].
• Le ncwadi "i" elandela ungwaqa (ngaphandle "g", "m" futhi "n") ibonisa ukuthi la ongwaqa zithambile. Nasi isibonelo: mi'ly - [m'i'ly '] Sheet - [l'ist] ni'tki - [n'i'tk'i].
• uphawu Soft ( "s") emva ongwaqa (ngaphandle "w" futhi "w") yisikali sokuthi ifomu nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Futhi kubonisa ukuthi ongwaqa zithambile. Izibonelo Isibonelo: dal - [wanika '] sasisendaweni - [m'el'] Isicelo - [proz'ba].

Njengoba ubona, Ukuthamba of ongwaqa encwadini ngocansi hhayi luhlavu ngalunye inhlanganisela zabo onkamisa "e", "w", "e", "i" kanye uphawu esithambile. Yingakho ukuhlaziya ifonotiki kwamagama, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba banake izinhlamvu eduze.

Ngokuqondene unkamisa "th", kuba njalo esithambile. Kule ndaba, e umbhalo walo kungenziwa oqokiwe kanje: [D ']. Lokho ukhefana, ebonisa umsungulo umsindo, kumelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nibeka. Silalele umthetho ofanayo, futhi [w], [y].

Kufinyeta

Njengoba ubona, akukho nzima ukwenza ngendlela efanele ukuhlaziya ifonotiki yegama. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nje kudingeka wazi lokho onkamisa nongwaqa, lizwakalise futhi abakhulumi kanye soft futhi kanzima. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda kangcono indlela ukusayinda umbhalo, sikunikeza ezinye izibonelo ezinemininingwane.

1. Igama elithi "iqhawe." Siqukethe amaqoqo amabili, kanti eyesibili uyozisola. Ingabe ukuhlaziya:

r - [g] - lizwakalise ungwaqa futhi ezithambile.

e - [futhi] - onkamisa unstressed.

p - [pi] - lizwakalise ungwaqa, futhi ayibhangqiwe okuqinile.

mayelana - [ku] - wagcizelela onkamisa.

th - [D '] - lizwakalise ungwaqa, uyinqaba futhi eliphuphile.

Ubude: ezingu-5 no-5 amathoni.

2. Igama elithi "isihlahla." Siqukethe amaqoqo amathathu, kanti eyesibili uyozisola. Ingabe ukuhlaziya:

njll - [d] - lizwakalise ungwaqa futhi ezithambile.

e - [futhi] - onkamisa unstressed.

p - [p] - lizwakalise ungwaqa, uyinqaba futhi eliphuphile.

e - [e] - wagcizelela onkamisa.

e - [e] - lizwakalise ungwaqa ezithambile

s - [-]

e - [D '] - lizwakalise ungwaqa, lwamaGypsy futhi ethambile, futhi [e] - unkamisa, unstressed;

ukuze - [f] - bengakhulumi kabili ungwaqa futhi eliqinile.

Ubude: 8 8 izinhlamvu nemisindo.