Labantu kwezomnotho

Labantu kwezomnotho emelelwa izakhamuzi abanikela yomshikashika wabo ekukhiqizeni isikhathi esithile. Ngokwe-indlela UN kulesi sigaba zifaka osomabhizinisi, abasebenzi kanye nabantu abangekho ngaphakathi esibekiwe umsebenzi isikhathi kodwa uzimisele ulithola. Ngamanye amazwi, kuhlanganisa abantu abasebenzayo nalabo abangasebenzi kulesi sigaba sabantu.

Employment kufaka imisebenzi zabantu ukuhlangabezana umphakathi kanye nezidingo zabo, okuyinto awaphikisani umtsetfo lokhona futhi alethe ikakhulu imali zabasebenzi.

Labantu kwezomnotho ngokuya kubantu abaqashwe kuhlanganisa abadala abaneminyaka engu-16 kungakhathaliseki ubulili, okuyinto esikhathini kokubuyekezwa:

- wasebenza ngokugcwele noma ingxenye-isikhathi kokuthola iholo ethile;

- kwakungafanele emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula, isikhathi sokuphumula, amaholide, njll;.

- ukwenza umsebenzi engakhokhiwe emabhizinisini omndeni.

Ngo namazinga eziningi zomhlaba wonke ngokuphathelene umqondo "labantu kwezomnotho" zingatholakala the division elandelayo kwegama elithi:

- labantu ngokuvamile esebenzayo - lisetshenzisiwe isikhathi eside (phezu unyaka owodwa);

- labantu esebenzayo esikhathini samanje - lisetshenzisiwe esifushane (ngesonto noma ngosuku).

Kwezomnotho labantu ngasebenzi emelelwa izakhamuzi ebudaleni obuthile kuphela, akufakiwe nganoma yisiphi isizathu ku ukusebenza, emelelwe abazisebenzayo futhi abangasebenzi. Lolu hlobo ingase ihlanganise lezo zigaba:

- amasosha, abafundi, abafundi (imfundo esigcwele), kulesi sigaba sihlanganisa abafundi iziqu, abafundi zobudokotela, futhi ekuqeqeshweni umile;

- ethola impesheni ezihlukahlukene;

- abantu abaku- impesheni yokukhubazeka yimaphi amaqembu;

- abantu abangesiwona ikhefu zinakekele izihlobo noma zinakekela izingane ezigulayo,

- abantu abangakwazi usebenza ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokuzimela Umthombo oyinhloko wemali.

Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko abangasebenzi abelwe kanje:

- Ukudilizwa noma ekuvalweni kwenhlangano ;

- ekupheleni kwesikhathi lomsebenzi yezinkathi ezithile noma inkontileka;

- ukuxoshwa wakhetha ezabo;

- kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu umhlalaphansi ;

- Ezinye izizathu siqu.

Labantu kwezomnotho angase agcwaliswa kusuka labantu engenhla, njengoba abafundi cwaningo uma usuqedile, izingane zikhule emizi nabantu abangafuni ukusebenza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi namanje kunesidingo.

Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphikelela ulwazi ephawula kwetisebenti, ulwazi mayelana labantu ngasebenzi kwezomnotho, kusukela ukwedlulela labantu kusukela esisebenzayo nalokho ngasebenzi vice siyahamba njalo.

I amagama afanele igama elithi "abantu kwezomnotho" uthola ukusetshenziswa kwalo isikhathi eside. ERussia, leli gama kwakungatholakala kuphela atholakala ezincwadini zesayensi. Nokho, umkhuba isicelo sale umqondo waqala ngokubutha ukwedlulela Russian Federation iKomiti Yombuso ku Izibalo namazinga amazwe omhlaba (1992). Kule nkathi saqala ukuba khona njalo olwenziwa survey isampula labantu emisebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yaqala ukushicilelwa ngo Ukuhlanganiswa olusemthethweni lakhomba inani imikhakha izakhamuzi.

Labantu kwezomnotho eRussia ngo-June 2012 zaba kwezigidi ezingu 76.4. Abantu, futhi njengoba kufakazelwa izibalo, is kancane kancane. . Ukuphuma isamba abantu abayizigidi ezingu-72,7 noma 94,5% baqashwe, kanti bonke abanye - abangasebenzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa, inani lakhuphuka (0.2%) lalabantu kwasetshenziswa kusukela ngoMeyi walo nyaka, kodwa abe ngaphezu (1.3%) liye landa ngesikhathi isibalo sabantu abangasebenzi.