Kwenzekani ngesikhathi ngesonto 12 okukhulelwa. kwamasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe: usayizi kwengane, ubulili umntwana, ultrasound isithombe

12 Emaviki abakhulelwe - lena esigabeni sokugcina senyanga yokuqala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwamaseli okungatholakala akubonakali ngesibonakhulu, uye kakade athuthukile indoda encane, bakwazi ukwenza ukunyakaza. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi liqala ku senyanga yesibili yokukhulelwa lapho owesifazane kungaba ukuphumula kuzo izimpawu ezingemnandi emavikini ekucala bese ulungela ukuba wemfanelo yokuthathu yesithathu. Kusukela kwamasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe, usayizi esokungakazalwa, ubulili umntwana kakade kungabonwa ultrasound.

senyanga yokuqala

omama abaningi esizayo ucela: "Udokotela wanginika kwamasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe Zingaki izinyanga ke.?". Ukukhulelwa ihlala amasonto 40 - evamile izinyanga 9 noma 10 ezinqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga (azoya). Ingakapheli inyanga ejwayelekile izinsuku 30-31, futhi inyanga - ecacile 4 amaviki - kwezinsuku ezingu-28. Lokhu kuzokwenza lula ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa umbungu: njalo ngesonto libhekene imingcele ethile, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba usola isandla semfene kancane ekuthuthukiseni kokubeletha ingane.

Uma une kwamasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe, njengoba kule nyanga, litshela etafuleni.

Uma sibheka isilinganiso, emavikini 12 okukhulelwa - izinsuku ezingu 84. Uma ehlukaniswa inyanga yekhalenda (izinsuku ezingu-31), kuba izinyanga 2 nezinsuku 22.

Ushintsho E-omama umzimba

Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa okwenzeka emzimbeni umbungu futhi unina? Yikuphi okuhlangenwe nakho okusha kungaba owesifazane? Uma emavikini ambalwa ingozi yokuqala ekunqanyulweni kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa ke lokhu okungenzeka eside samoaborta omncane. I-placenta sesakhiwe, uqala ukwenza umsebenzi ingane yayo ukudla, kukhuthaza imikhiqizo umzimba kanye amaprotheni zamagama sokukhulelwa. ukugeleza kwegazi Isivinini kuwo kwandisa ukuba 600 ml ngomzuzu.

Progesterone - hormone eyinhloko sokukhulelwa - uqala akuvezi le luteum Corpus, futhi umzanyana. It ulawula contractility imisipha abushelelezi kwesibeletho, amathumbu, kwesinye futhi ureter. Ngakho-ke, yeka uhambo njalo yokugezela, kodwa kukhona sivala. Isilungulela - uphawu, okuyinto esekhala owesifazane kwamasonto angu-12 okukhulelwa. Usayizi we-fetus, ucansi ingane, njengoba kwenza ogogo bethu, akuphazamisi nomsuka walo akujabulisi. Konke kuchazwe umphumela Ukuthanjiswa progesterone phezu sphincter phakathi emphinjeni kanye isisu.

hormone Estrogenic ekhiqizwa abayeki: nazo ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni sokukhulelwa. Ngezinye ngesonto 12 estriol kwandisa mammary izingono, nokugcinwa uketshezi ukwandisa inani amaprotheni emzimbeni yabesifazane.

Lesizalo imisipha Imicu yotshani bayaqhubeka bekhula futhi siphatheke kahle, kodwa esikhathini kusukela emasontweni angu-12 kuya ku-20 - ikakhulukazi uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela. usayizi lesizalo iba khona nesikhundla sokuba umongameli olusanda kuzalwa, phansi ifinyelela esibelethweni. Izinga ukugeleza kwegazi futhi umthamo wegazi emzimbeni ngenxa izinguquko ezintsha sebeqala ukwandisa.

Shintsha ingemuva esingokomzwelo omama esizayo: ubalekela ukukhathala, moodiness, ukucindezeleka nokungeneliseki njalo konke. Nge amasonto 12 uma lowo wesifazane aphinde azalwe, ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle yayo futhi ikusize. Kulesi umama esizayo ziqala ukuphupha amaphupho acacile futhi ngezinye izikhathi isimanga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-subcortex kukhona hormone fetus ukuthi uqale aluka ngokushesha, ngaphezu kakhulu anda ukusuka emasontweni ayi-12 okukhulelwa ubukhulu fetus. ubulili wengane akuphazamisi kahle hle ukuthi yiziphi kufakwa ama-hormone ekhiqizwa yi-placenta.

Kuthiwa ama-hormone kule eside

Impulses yobuchopho ezizokhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana ozokusebenzisa, okuyinto kusukela ngesonto 12 iyaqala ukulungiselela umthondo omama sokubelethisa.

Prolactin ikhiqizwa kusukela emasontweni angu-12 okukhulelwa. usayizi izithelo futhi kwandisa ukukhiqizwa yayo: ingane emikhulu, aba maningi nenani le hormone egazini. Ngaphansi kwethonya prolactin nezindlala mammary zikhule futhi balungiselela izici zabo main: ukuthuthukiswa colostrum nobisi.

Nge amasonto 12 wakwenza ngokuzimisela ekhiqizwa cortisol - hormone of nezindlala adrenal. Le into kunciphisa ezifweni kukamama esizayo yomzimba ukucindezeleka kanye nomthelela enezinkinga imvelo yangaphandle, enikeza ithuba buthule athwale sokukhulelwa.

Indlela liziphathe

Imithetho yokuziphatha kule nkathi ziyefana phakathi nawo wonke umuntu ekhulelwe. Zonke kumele amisiwe ukucubungula inkambo evamile esesibelethweni. Eemvekeni ezi-12 ubukhulu isisu okhulelwe abangekho yanda, futhi kungenzeka ukuba bahlanganyele yezabasebenzi engqondweni nasemzimbeni, kodwa ngaphandle overload futhi ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile, okuyinto enomthelela operation kahle zonke izinhlelo eziyishumi nemitshingo. Gwema ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukudlala imidlalo, okuyinto kuhambisana umzimba shaking - kuzuba nokunyakaza abukhali. Njengoba ungase kakade ukuthi eseneminyaka izihlobo ukhulelwe futhi abaphathi, kubalulekile ukuthi bavikele ebusuku abafela, umsebenzi okhandlayo nge ezisindayo futhi isikhathi eside ihlezi ikhompyutha, usebenza endaweni ephakeme.

Ukuzivocavoca: Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi

Amakilasi kumele kuqale kuphela emva kokubonisana udokotela wakho. Ungenza i-yoga, umsebenzi kanye nezemidlalo ayikhathalisi. Ukudla okukahle, umsebenzi kanye nokuphumula, umoya ohlanzekile, futhi uhamba ibanga ngaphambi kokulala neqhaza ajabule, zonke izinqubo bokuphila, futhi kakade azizwa ingane yakho.

emizweni okusha kule eside

izimpawu Basic ezingemnandi uqale zinyamalale: ubuthakathaka, ukucobeka, ukozela kukhona ukuchama kaningi ukhathazwa kancane. Nokho, nemizwelo akubi ngcono, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ubudlova akanangqondo. ukuluthwa Ukudla ikhishiwe, futhi isifiso sokuba into engavamile ukudla iphele. Kodwa musa udla kakhulu ngenjabulo ukuthi ekuseni ukugula ukuhlanza wanyamalala, ngoba umthwalo ezithweni excretory futhi ukugaya iyakhula. Ngaphansi kwethonya progesterone yangaphakathi, umphumela eyinhloko okuyinto - kulondolozwe sokukhulelwa avele ukuqunjelwa.

Eemvekeni ezi-12 ubukhulu isisu okhulelwe abangekho sakhula, ikakhulukazi e nulliparous nabesifazane nge esisindo enkulu kunokujwayelekile. Ngo multiparous ngenxa kuyaqina engezansi isikhumba nemisipha esiswini iba esikufezile. Lapho nokukhulelwa izingane eziningi ngasikhathi esiswini kanye nosayizi lesizalo ayihambisani ethemini bona kunathi ngesonto ukuthi kulindeleke ukusetha nyangazonke. Ukulinganisa okhalweni selilonke futhi ukuphakama ayemi ngaphezu kwesibeletho emomozini isivele kungenzeka ngesikhathi ukuvakashelwa kokubeletha. Ucala ukukhombisa lesikhumba kakhudlwana inkaba kanye umugqa ohlanganisa esifubeni ngendandatho enkabeni.

Kule nkathi lapho kukhona ukushintshwa esikhumbeni: kungenzeka amawala, induna, uyaxebuka. Kodwa lezi zimo angawodwa. Ngokuvamile, kukhuphuke kwegazi futhi hormone estrogenic e omama umzimba kuholela yokuthi ukubukeka kwesikhumba kuthuthukisa, kuba abasebasha, kukhona gleam emehlweni akhe futhi othi awube ngobuso. Owesifazane ubukeka kangcono kunakuqala. Kukhona okuthiwa kukhanya kwangaphakathi - uphawu ngawo ukwazi ukhulelwe.

isisindo umama umzimba mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 1-2 kg - lena anyuswe evamile. Kule nkathi zazikalwa zonke abeze abakhulelwe ukulawula isisindo futhi kusenesikhathi edema kufihlwe.

umama okhulelwe eseqala ukuzwa okusizwa ukushaya le-aorta ukuthi ngephutha kuthatha iminyakazo fetus. Nge amasonto 12 iqala webele ukukhulisa, halos peripapillary futhi izingono mnyama, owesifazane uzizwa ukuluma kancane nesisa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ukubaluleka isimo sabo.

Ukuthuthukiswa ingane

kwamiswa zonke izitho zangaphakathi ingane phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa, usayizi fetus nesisindo liye landa ngamaphesenti cishe 2 izikhathi. Kumanje ukala 14-15 amagremu, ekukhuleni kwayo - cishe 10 cm. Le ndoda kancane has imilenze nezingalo. Baby face unamehlo nge amajwabu amehlo, umlomo, ikhala, iminwe kwakheka kwi izinzipho, nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula lokuqala imisipha. Izindlebe ingane kakade indawo. Ingane ingase Ukuvula nokuvala emihlathini, imilenze wiggling iminwe, uhwaqabale, ukuzamula, nokuvula nokuvala amehlo akhe, wenza nokugwinya ukunyakaza. Ubuchopho uqala ahlukaniselwe ama- amabili, zonke izakhiwo zakhe akhiwa, kukhona ingqondo. Inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngesilinganiso esingamaphesenti 160-165 ngomzuzu. Ithumbu simi ngomumo evamile e ngalo ingaphakathi lesisu, isibindi khiqiza Bile kakade. Amangqamuzana egazi kanye erythrocyte ethulwa ngo-leukocyte. Kwenzeka nokuvuthwa of amathambo futhi imisipha ukuqiniswa. Abafana aqala ukukhiqiza testosterone, futhi yegilo ndlala ikhiqize ama-hormone. Iqala isebenze izivikeli mzimba.

Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa isithombe umbungu izokubonisa ukuthi ingane ikhulile. Lena isithombe lokuqala ingane.

Kuyinto kusukela kulesi sikhathi iqala izinguquko ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi akumangalisi: usana lukhula kakhulu, imisebenzi yazo zonke izitho zayo ayathuthuka ukuze ke ngemva kokuzalwa ngokushesha acclimate indawo entsha ngaphandle esiswini. Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa ukuze umbungu uhlale ku isithombe ultrasound kukubonisa ingane liye landa kakhulu kusukela ngomzuzu wokukhulelwa.

Yini US

izifundo adingekayo uma sebehlanganisa amasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe - ultrasound fetus nokuzimisela serum iziphambano.

Ultrasound luhlolo iqhutshwa ukuze ubone:

• ukuthuthukiswa umbungu, ngokulandelana ngokuya;

• umsebenzi isigqi inhliziyo ukubala inani kwenhliziyo;

• isimo umzanyana;

• kokuba umbungu yesibili esimweni twins;

• izimpawu chromosomal anomalies noma kombungu;

• Isimo se- myometrium: khona ISIZINDA noma Hyper nosongo olukhulu kokuphazamiseka;

• nezinye izitho okhalo ukuhlonza izinqubo sokugembula.

US kule nkathi kungaba kwenziwe futhi evamile inzwa lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye kusiza ukucacisa uma sebehlanganisa amasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe ubukhulu fetus, ubulili umntwana, ukukala zonke izinkomba main. iphuzu Okubalulekile: ukunquma usuku oluqondile ukulethwa. Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa ultrasound isithombe izokubonisa hhayi igciwane, futhi enemithwalo kancane.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulinganise parietal-coccygeal usayizi umbungu - ibanga ukusuka coccyx kuya okhakhayini okwamanje extension esiphezulu usana. Lokhu nesilinganiso wenziwa indiza sagittal ehlukanisa umzimba halves ezimbili alinganayo.

Ultrasound akuyona kuphela okudingekile ukunquma ocansini umntwana. Nakuba leli gama ebukhoneni imishini yesimanje kanye kungenzeka. umthondo womfana ifana ikhanda lomcibisholo, umthondo amantombazane - ngesimo emapheshana ezimbili.

Abaningi bafuna ukuthola emasontweni 12 okukhulelwa ubulili womntwana ngenhloso ukulungiselela sokuzalwa: ukuthenga ezidingekayo izingubo umbala ofanayo, ukulungiselela indodana noma indodakazi endala lapho kuzalwa umfowethu noma udadewethu omncane.

Ukuze odokotela luhlolo ultrasound kuyadingeka ukuthola kombungu noma chromosomal kwezinso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ulinganise Translations nuchal. Ngokuvamile lesi sibalo - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-2.5 mm. Uma ukushuba - 3 mm noma ngaphezulu, kubonisa-Down syndrome, Edwards, Turner, Patau nezinye kwezinso chromosomal.

umaka Lihle ukunquma ubude ithambo acinene umbungu. Lesi sibalo, uma kuyintando 2 mm noma ngaphezulu, 50-80% of amacala, okubonisa-Down syndrome.

Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa ultrasound ungabonisa futhi kombungu ezifana: anencephaly - engekho ama- cerebral, acrania - akukho amathambo skull, ectopia wenhliziyo - bubi yesikhundla sakhe, umbhunu enkabeni, lesisu odongeni isici, ngamawele tho, ephelele block atrioventricular, lapho okuyinto ukuphila akunakwenzeka, fibrosis limfaginoma entanyeni udonga besisu ukwephuka kuthi abanye.

Mayelana imikhuba emibi abazali kudingeka baziswe bakhethe esivuna isandiso eminye okukhulelwa noma uyiphazamisa. Phakathi nale nkathi, isisu Kusengenzeka lokufeza ngaphandle eziyingozi ngenxa yowesifazane.

cwaningo okuphoqelekile kanye ozikhethela

Ukuze ubone ukuthi zonke izinto ezimbi abakhulelwe eyenziwa ukuhlaziywa igazi phezu ukwakheka ambalwa of serum nakomaka igazi likamama lingahlangani: khulula subunit β - hCG futhi esinomhlapho amaprotheni, ezihambisana nokukhulelwa (PAPP-A). Ultrasound ngokuhlanganyela yalolu cwaningo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa ukuhlolwa, engesiyo ukuxilongwa okokugcina, futhi kuphela kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa ingane nge angahlangani chromosomal.

ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe zingenziwa ngemva koda izindlela kokubeletha zokuxilonga. Kuleli elithi angase aqhube biopsy chorionic. Ungesabi lokhu inqubo. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje wenziwa ngaphansi ultrasound isiqondiso, futhi ingozi yezinkinga lincishisiwe.

Eminye imitholampilo aphethwe bahluke kwezinye cwaningo ultrasound sonographic. Ngesicelo sakho ungenza emasontweni 12 okukhulelwa kanye ultrasound 3D isithombe. On ubona umfana noma intombazane kodwa kulolu cwaningo ingase ibonise imiphumela alithembekile. Isikhwama esingumsuka nangokunembile ukuthola ucansi wengane kungaba emasontweni 18-20 phakathi nekhulu lesibili Ukuhlolwa ultrasound.

Ngaphandle ayimpoqo umchamo ukuhlolwa futhi igazi i-ugcunsula,-HIV, i-hepatitis, ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Izimpawu okufanele abatshele

Kumele ukwazi izimpawu eziyingozi ukuthi kungenzeka uma sebehlanganisa amasonto angu-12 bekhulelwe. Kwenzekani ingane ngokuzuma uma iqala ukulimaza esiswini noma avele zokubona?

Lapho izinhlungu zithi esiswini engezansi imvelo ezahlukene kumele ngokushesha shayela i-ambulense noma ukuya wezifo zabesifazane. Isizathu sokuba lezi izinhlungu kunazo zonke - usongo ekuphelisweni kwamasonto angu-12 okukhulelwa. Izithombe zibonisa US ithoni kwesibeletho, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukusonteka futhi abruption esinomhlapho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu ongakaphathelani sokukhulelwa. It appendicitis, sokuqaqanjelwa yiqolo, umfutho ukubuyisa, ukutheleleka ukudla, colic kwezinso, lesizalo umsipha uhlobo kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo.

Kusukela leli pheshana zangasese lowehlukile nevolumu - uphawu okudinga esibhedlela ngokushesha emnyangweni zabesifazane. Lokhu kungase eyobonisa lamabutho umzanyana, futhi isisu. Eemvekeni ezi-12 okukhulelwa ultrasound izithombe ukukhombisa indawo esiqondile futhi ubukhulu lamabutho. Ukuze ekwelapheni izimpawu isikhathi esibekiwe zidinga olunzulu ukwelashwa balondoloze ukudla okuthile.