Kuyini thrombosis? Izimbangela, izimpawu, uphethwe, ukuphathwa, zokuvimbela

Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo umbuzo ukuthi thrombosis. Lesi sifo semithambo, okuyinto ngandlela-thile ezihlobene ne kahle igazi ekunqandeni, ukuphazamiseka evamile ukugeleza kwegazi. Igazi ihlule - kuyinto ngokuvamile igazi ihlule ukuthi amabhlogo esibuthakathaka. Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu zokugula kungaholela inqwaba yezinkinga, kuze kufe wonke umzimba wesiguli. Ngakho yiziphi izimbangela zesifo? Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzibheke?

Kuyini thrombosis?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu abaningi babhekana kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane, njengoba thrombosis. Igazi ihlule - blood clot kumiswa okuyinto kuyinqubo engokwemvelo. Lokhu lithathelwe umzimba, kusiza ukunqanda ukopha phakathi ukulimala semithambo.

Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi kumiswa thrombi ongakaphathelani ukulimala izindonga semithambo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyinqubo sokugembula. Ngemva amahlule musa ukususa "ukuvuza" e emithanjeni yegazi, futhi umane lijikeleze izitsha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, thrombi angase akhule ngobukhulu, ukunciphisa inesikhala semithambo. Ngakho, kahle ukugeleza kwegazi, esithinta wonke umzimba. Kwangezikhathi ungatholi izakhi zomzimba ezanele nomoya-mpilo, ngazo kuyagcinwa izinguquko trophic.

Pathology ngokungabi bikho ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kuholela yezinkinga eziyingozi. Thromboembolism - isimo sibi okuyinto kuhambisana ukwehlukana ihlule legazi futhi ukuvaleka ephelele yegazi ebalulekile (isib, embolism yamaphaphu). Lokhu zokugula ngokuvamile eba kangaka fast ukuthi isiguli sifa, eside ngaphambi kokuba uthole uMnyango ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ikuphi izimpawu thrombosis iphelezela.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu yesifo

Ngokusho ulwazi siye etholwe abacwaningi, zikhona izizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokuba khona ngesikhathi esisodwa ngazo cishe u-100% amacala kuholela ukuthuthukiswa thrombosis:

• iziyaluyalu ubuqotho isitsha odongeni (kungadalwa kokubili by umonakalo mechanical ngqo, futhi ukuchayeka ezintweni ezinobuthi izicubu esithathelanayo);
• ukwehla abukhali ukugeleza kwegazi Isivinini (disorder ingaba ngenxa yokucinana odongeni isitsha, noma, isibonelo, emithambo yegazi esingamahlalakhona valve);
• ukwanda igazi ekunqandeni (ngenxa yezizathu kulokhu zifaka kombungu esizalweni futhi platelet isakhiwo, ukuchayeka zamakhemikhali, kuhlanganise imithi ethile).

Okungenhla uchaza eziyisisekelo etiological izimbangela zesifo. Kodwa nokuhlanzeka kwangaphandle nokuziphatha kwabo izici ezithile ukuthi nazo ukuzicabangela:

• ngokuvamile uhlushwa thrombosis kwasebekhulile;
• amathuba asathuthuka lesi sifo hhayi ngaphandle futhi intsha, ngesizathu esisodwa noma kwenye bephoqeleka ukuba bachithe isikhathi eside esimweni ehlezi, kanye ahole indlela yokuphila ngaphandle kokuzivivinya; lokhu kungenxa ukuhlukumeza igazi ligeleze inhliziyo kanye ukwehla kancane kancane kwemisipha ithoni wemikhawulo aphansi;
• ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, amahlule akhiwa abantu, okuyinto isikhathi eside kumele zithobele embhedeni ukuphumula;
• Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu;
• Thrombosis kungavuka abesifazane emva kwesigaba cesarean;
• ukukhuluphala nokukhuluphala ngokweqile nakho kwandisa amathuba okuba yokuthuthukisa isifo;
• ukusetshenziswa eside kwezidakamizwa ezithinta igazi ekunqandeni, kungabangela kumiswa ihlule;
• ukubhema kubanga vasospasm futhi, ngokufanelekile, futhi kwandisa ingozi yesifo;
• Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i zihlanganisa ukusungulwa izimila (isib elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo) kanti isikhathi catheterization;
• ukusetshenziswa eside hormone kwezidakamizwa, kuhlanganise izinto zokuvimbela inzalo, futhi kungathinta isimo isimiso semithambo yegazi;
• izifo okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako ezithathelwanayo kungalimaza odongeni isitsha, okuyinto kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa thrombosis.

Kaningi thrombosis eba phezu zasemuva zezinye izifo, kuhlanganise, ngokwesibonelo, isifo occlusive, isifo sikashukela kanye nokunye. D.

izinhlobo thrombosis

Ngokwemvelo, zikhona izinhlelo eziningana Ukwahlukaniswa lokhu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Noma kunjalo, ezweni share isifo kuqala kuye onjani izitsha ithinta:

• It kubhekwa ezivamile thrombosis emithambo yegazi. zokugula okunjalo kuhambisana igazi ekunqandeni kanye kumiswa amahlule e mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we emthanjeni. Ngokuvamile, ukugula kuthinta ngemithambo ejulile wemikhawulo aphansi, kodwa thrombosis phezulu esigabeni umzimba lingaphansi ezivamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi zokugula eba emithanjeni ezingabalulekile. Kunoma ikuphi, ngokungabi bikho ukwelashwa isibalo sezikhungo ezithelo, thrombi basakaza kwemizila emisha emithambo yegazi.
• thrombosis Arterial, ngokusho izibalo, sitholakale kancane njalo, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi ingcindezi nesivinini ukugeleza kwegazi e imithambo ezinkulu iphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ematfuba ngokuhlukana we ihlule nge ukuvaleka obengeziwe mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi lemithambo ezibalulekile. Ngisho ukumisa okwesikhashana ukugeleza kwegazi kuholela isitho ischemia. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokwahlukana igazi ihlule futhi ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo Cishe njalo lapho uxoxa nabantabakho isilethikusebenza. Uma ngenxa thrombosis ukugqagqana imithambo ukuthi athwala igazi ebuchosheni, unhlangothi cishe kungenakwenzeka ukugwema.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-ngemithambo ejulile futhi izici zayo

Ngokuvamile, iziguli zibhekene kwathiwa unesifo "thrombosis wemikhawulo aphansi." Izimpawu, ukwelashwa, kubangela yesifo - lena imibuzo ebalulekile. Lolu hlobo isifo kubhekwa omunye ezivamile. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kungaba ukuthuthukisa ngaphandle kokuba sihambisana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga, kodwa imiphumela yako iqhubeke kungaba yingozi kakhulu.

Esikhathini kusaqalwa isifo kuhambisana umuzwa ukugcwala emilenzeni, futhi soreness. ubuhlungu Okokuqala kwenzeka ngesikhathi umsebenzi, kodwa ke kukhona futhi uphumule. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise isikhumba ugodo, kanye ukuvuvukala njalo. izinga wesiguli zokuphila siya siba sibi kakhulu - ngisho ukuphila kube uhambo olufushane kuyinkinga. Ngokuvamile, phlebitis (ukuvuvukala ezindongeni vein) eba ku isizinda thrombosis kanye nezinye izinkinga.

thrombosis emathunjini

Yiqiniso, kwakuthiwa ukungenwa thrombosis kwazo zonke izitsha umzimba womuntu. Futhi imithi, amacala aphakeme mesenteric Umthambo izilonda elotshiwe njalo. Nge leso sifo kuphazamiseka kwegazi uhlushwa emathunjini amancane futhi ikholoni, eminye iminyango.

Ukuxilongwa sifo kungaba nzima ngoba isithombe sokucindezeleka ngempela esilufifi. Ezigabeni zokuqala kukhona ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, okuyinto cishe akuhlobene ukudla, isifo sohudo kanye kancane kancane kwesisindo. Ukwehlukanisa thrombus futhi occlusion imithambo kubangela ischemia ngokushesha okuqhubekayo wamathumbu izicubu, okuyinto kuhambisana, ubuhlungu eqinile abukhali esiswini. Lesi simo ngokuvamile kudingeka kokungenela esiphuthumayo kuhlinzwa.

thrombosis olunamandla futhi izimpawu zaso

Pathology kungenzeka emasontweni amaningi ngisho izinyanga ngaphandle kokudala izinguquko ezinkulu isimo lesiguli. Ngakho abantu bavame ukuya kudokotela kakade nge ukubukeka ukuxakeka.

Kumiswa thrombus enkulu yisimo esiphuthumayo ngokuthi "thrombosis acute", ogama izimpawu akuzona nzima ukuzibona. kahle kwegazi ezicutshini, wezwakalisa njengoba umoya-mpilo yokulamba ahambisana zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ahlekise ezenzeka esitho ethintekile;
• isikhumba eliphaphathekile;
• isikhumba ngenhla ingxenye abathintekayo iba cool kuya touch;
• khona kungukuphula ethintekayo futhi ubuhlungu lokutfutfukako;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwemisipha contractures;
• ukwephulwa motor umsebenzi.

Ukuba khona ukuhlukumeza okunjalo - isizathu esihle kumele ubonane nodokotela masinyane.

Thrombosis futhi thromboembolism

Musa kalula ingozi thrombosis. Thromboembolism - lokhu kuyinto isimo esiyingozi ngokwedlulele. Lokhu akusona isifo ezimele, kodwa kunalokho omunye ngemiphumela thrombosis. Ukuze yezizathu ezithile ihlule legazi uthola ukuze uvule ukusakaza igazi, bese occludes ngokugcwele bomkhumbi. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi embolism kuyinto anoxia futhi ischemia kwezicubu ekhula ngokushesha.

Ukwahlukana thrombus nokungena ke izitsha inhliziyo kuholela yinhliziyo. Occlusion kwemithambo yegazi ukuthi athwala igazi ebuchosheni, okuholela unhlangothi nezinye izilonda isimiso sezinzwa. Ezimweni eziningi, i Izibikezelo enqabayo for iziguli, njengoba akuzona zonke nesineke akakwazi ukuthola oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele.

sitholakele isifo

inqubo Yokucwaninga kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziyisisekelo eziningana. Yiqiniso, udokotela wokuqala uqhuba kuhlolwe ngamehlo futhi iqoqa umlando, kodwa ukunquma kwasendaweni thrombosis, nezinye izifundo ezidingekayo. Ikakhulukazi, omunye isivivinyo kakhulu ulwazi iyona ultrasound Doppler. Ngokwesibonelo, inqubo enjalo ukuxilonga thrombosis emithambo yegazi lihambe ngemithambo wemikhawulo aphansi. Kunezinye izindlela ukufunda, kuhlanganise venography, CT angiography, plethysmography, nokunye. D.

ukuhlolwa coagulologic nazo esimisiwe, ngawo ukuhlola degree nesivinini igazi ekunqandeni. Kuleso simo, uma usola khona thrombosis sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, eminye ukuhlolwa ukuziphatha igazi Immuno.

izindlela zesimanje ukwelashwa

Yiqiniso, inkinga ebalulekile isiguli ngasinye ukwelashwa ukuthi angaletha imithi yesimanje. Ukwelashwa Yiqiniso, kuxhomeke ezingeni esiphakamisa ka thrombosis futhi khona izinkinga.

Ngo kusaqalwa kungenzeka ukwelashwa izidakamizwa. Isimiso ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa anticoagulants kokuthola, ikakhulukazi warfarin futhi heparin. Lezi thinning izinto igazi ukunikeza nokonakala amahlule futhi kuvimbele kumiswa amasha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa eziyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa nokwamukela izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala, namaphilisi ukusekela ithoni emithambo yegazi izitsha izindonga. Futhi ewusizo kuyinto Physiotherapy. Kubalulekile ulungise ukudla, futhi silondoloze umsebenzi ngokomzimba, nokwenzeka ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini ngokomzimba.

Kwezinye izimo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ukuhlinzwa. Ukusebenza ezinqunyiwe esimweni kumiswa amahlule ezinkulu nokwephula of ukugeleza kwegazi.

Izinyathelo: indlela ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo?

Ukwazi ukuthi thrombosis enjalo, futhi ngaphansi kwethonya Yiziphi izici sibangelwa, zikhona izinyathelo eziningana zokuvimbela ukuthi ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba lesi sifo.

Ngokuphathelene ekukhetheni izindlela zokwelapha esikhathini postoperative, isiguli imithi kadokotela mncane igazi - it kuvimbela ukwakheka amahlule. Iziguli baphoqeleka ukuba athobele embhedeni ukuphumula, kudinga massage njalo ukwelapha aqede igazi yokujama tsi.

Iphuzu elibalulekile kungukudla - ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kanye thrombosis isidingo inciphise ezilwane ekudleni. Lapho igazi stasis lihambe ngemithambo wemikhawulo aphansi uyayifaka kokucindezelwa zangaphansi ekhethekile. Futhi-ke, ungakhohlwa mayelana nomsebenzi ngokomzimba - lena kwendlela yokulondoloza imisipha iphimbo kanye kujwayeleke kwegazi igazi.

Ingabe kungenzeka ukwelapha izindlela zabantu?

Imithi yendabuko inikeza ezihlukahlukene amathuluzi angakusiza mncane igazi futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuvimbela ukwakheka amahlule chaza akhona. Ngokwesibonelo, ngempumelelo sasivumela wamukelekile ezimhlophe bloodroot tincture noma onsundu. Abakwazi ukupheka wena noma ukuthenga imithi ngomumo eyenziwe kule ekhemisi.

Ungakwazi ukulungiselela umuthi we ezisawolintshi nesweli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ugaye ulamula ezimbili (usebenzisa grinder) kanye isikhumba. Kukhona futhi wengeze ehlutshiwe nesweli oqoshiwe (owodwa Inhloko naphakathi). Izithako axutshwa, uthele inani elincane abilisiwe selehlile amanzi, bese bevala futhi ushiye ku esiqandisini izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemva kwalokho, kutuswa ukuba ukuhlunga ukumnika niwayise isipuni kathathu ngosuku.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi amakhambi ekhaya ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukuze ube usizo, futhi kuphela emva kokubonisana ngaphambi udokotela.